英语写作本科.doc

全国2007年10月高等教育自学考试英语写作试题课程代码：00603全部题目用英文作答ISupply the missing paragraph(20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missingStudy the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 wordsMake sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage providedWhy People Should ExerciseIn the past, I had never been inclined to participate in sports. Honestly, I didnt like it, but many persons whom I lived with kept telling me every day how good it was. Since the peer pressure was growing, I decided to go to the gym. It wasnt until then that I could really understand people when they said exercise really helped a person get organized and keep healthy, physically and mentally.For starters, if you are a lazy person, it is difficult to take the first step. But it is all a matter of committing yourself to something that will provide you with much positive feedback. Once you start exercising and observing positive results, you will actually enjoy it. It takes much effort and a strong will, but its worth it. The principal thing to do is to take up a sport you like. If you do, you will start organizing your day in a way that enables you to do whatever you have to, including exercising. You will no longer be a person stressed-out without time to carry on with all your activities. Moreover, exercising is good because it affects you positively in a mental and psychological way. Exercising helps you set specific goals which, along with a strong will, can be achieved. When reaching the goals, you come to know your abilities and your weaknesses, and your self-esteem is enhanced. Any sport relieves stress because it distracts you from thinking about school, work, or your problems, among other things. It helps keep you uplifted and avoid unhealthy habits like indulgence in TV and computer games.Exercising is very important to any person of any age. The positive effects, which Ive already mentioned, are like a chain. Once you take up a sport that you like, you become better organized. Therefore, you start doing things the right way and enjoy enormous benefits. As a result, you feel good as a healthy human being. You start living your life happily.IIWrite an outline (20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a“topic outline”for itAfricasWhen many people hear the word “Africa”, inevitably they picture steaming jungles and gorillas and other wild animals. Hollywood films have shrunk the public image of this immense, varied continent into a small segment of its actual diversity. To have a more accurate picture of the whole continent, however, one should remember that the continent can be roughly divided into three Africas: the northern desert areas, the southeastern grasslands, and the tropical jungles to the southwest, each with its distinct climate and terrain and with a style of life suited to the environment.The northern regions have the environment and living patterns of the desert. Egypt, Libya, Algeria, and Morocco have hot, dry climates with very little land suited to farming. Green fields cannot be easily seen. Therefore, the population tends to be clustered into cities along rivers or the seacoast or into smaller settlements near oases. For thousands of years, people have lived in this vast region, relying partly on what the land could offer such as crops and animals they could raise and partly on trade with Europe.The southeastern grasslands provide a better environment for animal life and for some kinds of crops. Many wild animals inhabit the plains in this regionelephants, giraffes, rhinoceros, antelopes, zebras, and lions. The people in this area have long been expert cattle raisers and experienced hunters. Tea, coffee, cotton, cashew nuts, and tobacco are some of the main products grown in this region. Fishing also provides some food and income for people along the coast. The population here is less concentrated in cities and towns than in the north, but tends to be denser in areas where adequate rainfall and fertile soil make farming possible.West Africa is the region closest to the Hollywood image of mysterious jungles. As in the other two regions, the way people make a living depends upon their environment. This does not mean that most of the people live in grass huts in the jungle. In fact, such nations as Nigeria have become highly modernized by income from oil, timber, and minerals. Most of the western countries have some farming that provides food and income; sugar cane, coffee, and tobacco are the important cash crops, while bananas, rich, and corn are raised for food. Fishing in the rivers and along the coast also accounts for food and income, and precious stones, especially diamonds, enhance the economy of countries like Angola and the Ivory Coast.Even a superficial look at the major regions of Africa shows that it is a continent with varied environments. Although most of the continent is tropical in its range of temperature, the climate ranges from deserts to rain forests. Similarly, human lifestyles vary from the simplest rural villages to industrial cities, both new and ancient. Contrary to the myth, however, jungle life makes up only a very small portion of the whole of Africa.III. Compose an essay (60 points)Nowadays, many old buildings are being replaced by new constructions. Some people think that they should be knocked down to make way for the new ones. Others think that they should be preserved, for they are part of our history. What is your opinion? Write a 300-word expository essay stating your views.2006年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语写作试卷 I. Supply the missing paragraph (20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. Attaining Success in College Succeeding in college is not only important to getting an education, but also crucial in this day and age to success in the work place. To me, the three most important things for attaining a successful college experience are having smart classroom conduct, taking advantage of campus resources, and making college the first priority. Making good use of campus resources is also of great importance to college success. The school library has many resources for the growth of the students mind. With computers and copy-machines for individual use, computer labs and writing labs are there not just for learning purposes but also for actual help with writing papers. The office hours will help the students build a close relationship with their professors and give them access to the professors mind. From the professors the students can acquire possible extra information that may put them ahead of their study. All these resources are free, since they are funded by student tuitions. So taking good advantage of the resources can only make the students education more attainable. Finally, any students who want to assure success must establish school as the top priority. Personally I have watched some students slowly loosen up; I have seen a pattern of partying and a lack of motivation. Many of the freshmen have no idea why they are in college, and their eyes often tell it all. This world is so rich in distractions that it is hard to keep a strong focus, especially if one is just starting his or her academic career. It is said that the first semester is often the most unsuccessful one. This certainly rings true for me. I made mistakes in this regard and eventually learned that, to achieve success, school must always be placed above other things. In my college experience, I have observed and learned how to achieve success. I wish someone had told me earlier the importance of having that smart classroom conduct, of fully utilizing the school resources, and of making college my top priority. Then, my college beginnings would not have been so rocky and tough.II. Write an outline (20 points)Read the following passage carefully and compose a topic outline for it. Smell Smell, as a means of nonverbal communication, is important. Odor communicates not only when we are face to face with another person, but also when the other person is not present. People from different cultures may have different attitudes toward body odors. Most people in the West respond negatively to what they consider bad odors such as body odor, breath odor, or clothes that emit unpleasant smells such as sweat. They work hard to cover up their body odor and view those with body odor as dirty and unsanitary. However, people usually are not comfortable in discussing the topic, and generally will not tell another that his or her body odor is offensive. They will simply avoid being close to the person and will end the conversation as quickly as possible. Other cultures have quite different concepts of natural odors; they consider them as normal and believe that it is an act of friendship to breathe the breath of the person with whom they converse and to feel their presence by smelling. For example, Arabs dont seem to feel comfortable unless they can smell each other. When Arabs talk, they virtually envelop each other in their breath. Smelling the natural body odors of ones friend is desirable; denying him or her this privilege is to act ashamedly. In other cultures smell also plays an important role. In Japan, young girls will often play a game involving the placing of five fragrances in tiny boxes. The girl who identifies the most aromas wins the game. In Bali, Indonesia, when lovers greet one another, they often breathe deeply in a kind of friendly sniffing. It is not uncommon for young lovers in the Philippines to trade small pieces of clothing on parting so that the smell of the other person will evoke their affection for each other. Not knowing cultural variations in attitude toward smell can create uncertainty and even ill feeling. For example, a medical doctor from Saudi Arabia once worked in a hospital in the southern United States. Problems arose when patients refused to have the Saudi doctor examine them. Interviews with patients revealed two problems: he smelled bad and he breathed on the patients. The doctors training had apparently failed to include the difference between Arabic and American attitudes and practices relating to smell. Clearly, encounters between people with such widely differing attitudes could lead to serious miscommunication. To maintain harmonious intercultural business relationships, one should remember these diverse attitudes toward smell.III. Compose an essay (60 points)In China, old people are usually taken care of by their family members, but now some people send their aging parents to nursing homes. What is your opinion on this? Write a300-word expository essay stating your views.2005年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语写作试卷.Supply the missing paragraph(20 points) The following passage is incomplete with one body paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided. Mall People Having fun at entertainment centers can exhaust ones pocket money or bank account. By the time a person has ridden the Ferris Wheel, the Crazy Mouse, Roller Coaster, and played video games, he may have little money left to buy movie tickets or eat a substantial dinner. As a result, he may turn from winning,dining and moviegoing to the nearby free-parking, free-admission shoppingmalls.Indeed,shopping malls are not just a paradise for youngsters; it can offer much to all. Teenagers, lovers on dates, and the nuclear family can all be observed having a good time at this alternative recreation spot. First of all, teenagers are the largest group of mallgoers. The boys saunter by in sneakers, T-shirts, and blue jeans, complete with a package of cigarettes sticking out of their pockets. The girls stumble along in high-heeled shoes and fancy hairstyles, with hairbrushes tucked in the rear pockets of their tight-fitting designer jeans. Traveling in a gang that resembles a wolf pack, the teenagers make the shopping mall their hunting ground. Their raised voices, loud laughter and occasional shouted obscenities can be heard from as for as half a mile away. They basically just come to “hang out”. _ Apart from teenagers and lovers, nuclear family members can also be identified as the largest group of mallgoers. Mom, Dad and little Jenny of Fred, visit the mall on Friday and Saturday evenings. Mom walks around looking at various things until she discovers that Jenny is seeing some of the special mall exhibits geared toward little children, or in the case of Fred, he is heading for the place that young boys find appealing. Indeed, the mall provides something special for every member of the nuclear family. In a word, the teenagers, lovers on dates, and the nuclear family make up the majority of mallgoers. There are also gray-hairs, whose attention may suddenly be caught by some modern gadgets. These people may end up spending little money, but they need not purchase anything to find pleasure at the mall. They are shopping for inexpensive recreation, and the mall provides it. .Write and outline (20 points) Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topic outline” for it. Send in the Clones “Scientists have made a breakthrough to clone a human being”, as one TV newsman put it. While his description was off the mark, the real news was almost as fantastic: researchers at George Washington 客服电话邮件： University split single human embryos into identical copies, a technology that has sparked a storm of controversy around the world. Claiming they began the experiments to spur a debate, the researchers got more than they bargained for. The Vatican condemned the technology as evil; one German magazine called the research “immoral”, and sociologists in the U.S. disagreed hotly over whether the technology should be offered to infertile couples, couples incapable of having children. The news left people wondering what the technology is all about. Actually what the researchers did was to extend a technique that has been used in livestock for more than a decade. The physicians used tube fertilization technology to create 17 human embryos in a laboratory. When the embryos had grown enough to contain 2-8 cells, the researchers separated them into 48 cells. Two of the separated cells survived for a few days in the lab, developing into new human embryos smaller than the head of a pin. Though no great technic