英语复习资料(1).docx

英语复习资料单选填空David walked into the room, _encircled_ by bodyguards.The six-year-old boy went to school with a _bruised_ face in a rainy day.My cousin _ _elbowed_ me out of the way when the gang came towards us.My father _restricted_ _ himself to tw o cigarettes a day as he had a bad cough recently.The professional basketball player _shrugged_ off the defeat and talked about tonights game.Our old headmaster made a _marathon_ speech of 4 hours at the graduation ceremony. “You are a _chicken_; thats why you wont climb the tree”, the boy on the top of the tree shouted to his buddy. My son terribly _dreads_ a visit to the dentist. Because of its successful management, an amateur acting group had already _evolved_ into a theatrical companyHe considered it his duty, in a _resigned_ sort of way, to stand by herThe person of the house gave a _weird little laugh. He would have his degree by now if his laziness hadnt _intervened_.She does not _mingle_much with people.Man is controlled by his _instinct_ as well as by reason.Jims father _disapproved_ of his marriage to Mary due to her family backgroundThe more she tried to get out of the situation, the more _awkward_ it became.This incident was not without importance in the _subsequent_ development of eventsThe baby has been crying _fretfully_ all night; something must be wrong with him.John was a lousy teacher, but to give him his _due_ he tried hard.His fine delicate _features_ along with his charming personality caught everyones attention at the party. His face _hardened_ at the word.The number of postgraduates _enrolled_ in this university almost matches that for the undergraduates. His laughter _resonated_ among the hollow rocks.She was protected from _suspicion by her complete lack of conventional attractiveness.It took him a long time to _acquire_ the skills he needed to become a professional artist.Its Scotts personality that really inspires and _entertains_.She wants to be known as a _workhorse_ a clotheshorse.Because the creatures of the plankton individually are small, they are not always _visible to the naked eye.Humor was the tonic _ that brought Reeves out of his depression.He looked back on his university days with a certain amount of _nostalgia_.Thats the house where I was born, she said _wistfully_The conversation began to drift towards _gossip_ about their colleagues.The two articles here represent opposite ends of the_spectrum_.Doctors have given him six months to live if he doesnt _quit_ drinking.I waited, hoping for an _opportune_ moment to discuss the possibility of a raise.If youre planning on going sightseeing around the old city, a guide is _indispensable_.As the day of my interview _loomed_, I became increasingly nervousThis drug speeds up your _metabolism_.I declined to tip the porter, who left with a _surly_ expression.It helps not to be hungry to enjoy this _tidbit_, since the flavors are meat to be savored.There are no _pat_ answers or simple solutions to this.he Ego is the limited, separated, _illusive_ self which can not see beyond the end of its own nose. Few people understand the _complex_ issues of environmental scienceIt is surrounded by _bustling_ shops, bars and entertainment, and close to the well-equipped sandy beach. Many schools are now trying to _tackle_ the problem of drug abuse.Contrary to the popular _myth_ the majority of accidents are not caused by speeding or drunkenness.According to Greek legend, it was Oedipus who solved_ the riddle of the Sphinx. Im in such a _muddle_, Id completely forgotten you were coming todayHer father was a diplomat at the Embassy in Rio de Janeiro.Thomson found that photography was an agreeable way of making a living.I will treasure the memory you have just given me during your visit to this college.The problem lies in how to account for this , astonishing phenomenon .A policeman had come while I was out and had asked her to call at this house as soon as I got back.Set in front of a light background are not only vibrant , but suggest space and distance behind .Organizations have been working to collect and conserve genetic diversity .He need to good at skills and maintain tacticsIn the meantime they resolved to preach vigorously .Old fashioned amateurs used to admire colors .They all _accredited_ the faculty staff with the true authorship of this thesis.A four-year-olds concentration _span_ is usually about 10 minutes in class.For most language learners, they need an effective _approach_ to learning English. Some students are _apathetic_ to the society except that they care about their study.Educational administrators expect students emotional _involvement_ in their learning experienceThe culture awareness of students can be _enhanced_ by effective teaching.The private school offers a high standard of education at _competitive_ tuition rates.His face turned red when he couldnt _respond_ to the teachers question in class.How he managed to _memorize_ a number of words in such a short time is a mysteryThe faculty _emphasizes_ the importance of learning methods to the freshmen.Educators _encourage_ learners to learn knowledge and put it into practiceEvery student wants to study in a friendly and _collaborative_atmosphere.英译汉Experience pain rather than show fear:宁愿经受疼痛也不愿表现得懦弱。Never discuss anything of substance with anybody. Grunt, shrug, dump on teachers, laugh at wimps, talk about comic books. Anything else is risky. 不能和任何人讨论实质性的问题。要反抗、蔑视老师，不把他们当回事；嘲笑那些懦弱的人；高谈阔论读过的滑稽故事。而其他话题则有可能让你显得没有男子气概。Boys are rewarded for throwing hard. theres one thing boys dont want to be, its weird.男孩应该表现得冷酷（这对自己会有好处）。其他大多数行为读书、和女孩交朋友，或安静地思考问题都被认为是很古怪的。而如果说这世界上只有一件男孩不愿意去做的事情，那就是让自己显得怪里怪气。I remember the bitter fifth-grade conflict I touched off by elbowing aside a bigger boy named Barry and seizing the cafeterias last carton of chocolate milk还记得上五年级时我和一位同学之间发生的那场激烈冲突。事情发生在学校的自助餐厅里。我用胳膊肘将一个名叫巴里的比我还高大的男孩推到一边，从而抢得了最后一盒巧克力奶 I was as ashamed for telling as I was frightened. 我又害怕，又羞于告人。 Men remember receiving little mercy as boys; maybe thats why its sometimes difficult for them to show any. 男子汉在小时候很少得到别人的同情。或许就是这个原因，他们长大后有时觉得很难去同情别人。Its a macho marathon from third grade up, when you start butting each other in the stomach. 一到三年级，男孩之间就开始打打闹闹；也正是从那时起，一场男人气概耐力赛也就拉开了序幕。Ive gotten better at it, but it will never come naturally. 不过，现在好一些了，但真正谈论起来，还是不太自然。It may be a long while, however, before male culture evolves to the point that boys can learn more from one another than how to hit curve balls.到什么时候男孩子们从彼此身上学到的东西才能比从曲线球游戏中学到的东西多呢？事实上，男子汉文化要发展到这一步可能还需要相当长的一段时间。. Last month, walking my dog past the playground near my house, I saw three boys encircling a fourth, laughing and pushing him. 上个月，我遛狗时经过我家附近的儿童游乐场，看到三个男孩正把一个男孩围在中间，一边笑着，一边推搡那个男孩。“Hi,” I said through the chain-link fence. “How ya doing?” 我隔着钢丝网眼栅栏对他说：“嗨，你没事吧？”and though we were very much alike, wed also grown very far apart. 尽管我们十分相像，但在很多方面我们也极为不同。Curly haired, hazel-eyed Timmy was loved for himself:长有卷曲头发和褐色眼睛的提米因为他自身的可爱而为外祖父所爱。Buddies, for example, are the workhorses of the friendship world, the people out there on the front lines, defending you from loneliness and boredom. 比如说，好朋友是友谊世界里吃苦耐劳的人；他们站在朋友的前线，冲锋陷阵，保护你不受孤独和寂寞的侵犯。 They hold out through innumerable crises before: 在无数危急时刻，他们一直忠诚可靠While so many family relationships are tinged with guilt and obligation虽然很多家庭关系都含有内疚和义务的成分。Your friendship is cemented by jokes about coworkers and thoughtful favors around the office. 你们的友谊在对同事开玩笑和细心的小恩小惠中得以加深。Though you invite each other to parties, you somehow dont quite fit into each others outside lives. 虽然你们互相邀请参加晚会，但你们好像不怎么参与对方的社交生活。 Company gossip, once an infallible source of entertainment, soon awkwardly accentuates thedistance between you公司聊天曾一度是你们开心的源泉，但现在很快就会让你们感到难堪并拉开你们的距离。Work Friends share certain memories which acquire a nostalgic glow after about a decade: 工作上的同事所分享的那些回忆，在十年之后总是让人那么怀念。 When you feel youve hit a dead end, come to a confusing fork in the road, or gotten lost in some cracker-box subdivision of your life.当你走到一个死胡同，处于人生的三岔路口，或在你复杂的人生旅途中迷失方向时Ah, the Former Friend. A sad thing. At best a wistful memory, at worst a dangerous enemy who is in possession of many of your deepest secrets. 过去的朋友，一件令人伤怀的事。最好的能留给你一个情意绵绵的回忆；最糟糕的拥有你的许多机密从而成为你危险的敌人。Wherever, whenever, theres that spark of recognition.随时随地，都会产生撞击(认识)的火花Caesar was right. Thin people need watching. Ive been watching them for most of my adult life, and I dont like what I see. When these narrow fellows spring at me, I quiver to my toes. Thin people come in all personalities, most of them menacing. 凯撒说得对，遇上瘦人要当心。我自成年以来，多半时间都在注意他们，但所看到的情况让我很不喜欢。细瘦的人冲我走来时，我连脚趾都哆嗦。虽然瘦人的性格各异，但多数让人望而生畏。They dont know how to goof off, at least in the best, fat sense of the word: 他们不会闲度时光，至少不会像胖人一样尽情地享受清闲。I like to surround myself with sluggish, inert, easygoing fat people, the kind who believe that if you clean it up today, itll just get dirty again tomorrow.我喜欢和懒洋洋、不爱动但很随和的胖人呆在一起，他们属于那种认为今天打扫了卫生明天还会弄脏的人。Fat people may not be chortling all day long, but theyre a hell of a lot nicer than the wizened and shriveled. 胖人可能不会成天穷聊，但他们比那些干巴萎缩的瘦人要好出百倍。Thin people turn surly, mean and hard at a young age 瘦人年纪轻轻就变得古怪、心地不善甚至狠毒 because they never learn the value of a hot-fudge sundae for easing tension. 因为他们弄不明一杯热腾腾的松糕圣代对缓和紧张状况的价值。Thin people dont like gooey soft things because they themselves are neither gooey nor soft. 瘦人不喜欢又粘又软的东西, 因为他们本人既不粘也不软。They go straight to the heart of the matter while fat people let things stay all blurry and hazy and vague, the way things actually are. 他们直接切入问题的要害，而胖人则让事情处于模糊和朦胧的状态事情本来就是这样。 They know there isnt any such thing as the key thing about anything. 他们知道任何事情都不存在关键之类的东西The sides fat people see are rounded blobs, usually gray, always nebulous and truly not worth worrying about.他们看到的都是圆圆的一滴，一般是灰色的，总是模糊不清，而且不值得担心。但瘦人则坚持把事情搞清楚。 If God was up there, fat people could have two doughnuts and a big orange drink anytime they wanted it. 如果上帝在场，胖人可以随时想吃就吃，想喝就喝。They are never better than a whole cheesecake. 他们什么时候也比不上一整块奶酪蛋糕。They expound, prognose, probe, and prick. 他们充分调动其瘦人的行为，去阐述、预测、探索和寻觅。They will like you even if youre irregular and have acne即使你体型不标准，长有粉刺，他们依然喜欢你。 They will put your name in the pot. 他们牢记你的名字 They will let you off the hook.他们让你无拘无束Fat people have plenty of room. Fat people will take you in. 胖人有博大的心胸，胖人能容得下你。Id still be drumming at him if I hadnt finally taken the trouble to find out what he was interested in. 如果不煞费脑筋找出他兴趣所在，他所喜欢的是什么，那还得要费不知多少时间呢！that the royal road to a persons heart is to talk about the things he or she treasures most.通往人心的黄金之道就是谈论他或她最以为贵的事情but he sure is sold on you但是他确实说服你了States have been quick to respond by holding out carrots and beating with sticks. 相关部门很快做出了反应，采用了“软硬兼施”的方法（即胡萝卜加大棒的方法）They are the precious resources on whom the improvement of undergraduate education depends. 他们是本科教育提升需要依靠的宝贵资源To provide a focus for their work, we offer seven principles based on research, on good teaching and learning in colleges and universities.我们在研究大学和学院的良好的教与学的基础上，提出了七条原则, 希望借此提出改善本科教学的重点。 While each practice can stand alone on its own, when all are present their effects multiply .每条原则都可以独立起作用，但所有原则综合起来的时候，它们的作用将成倍增长。 Knowing a few faculty members well enhances students intellectual commitment and encourages them to think about their own values and future plans. 学生熟悉系里的教员，会提高他们的学习热情，并鼓励他们去思考自身价值和未来计划。 Students do not learn much just by sitting in classes listening to teachers, memorizing pre-packaged assignments, and spitting out answers. 学生不仅仅坐在教室听课，死记硬背，回答问题。 Knowing what you know and dont know focuses learning. 了解自己的长处与不足有助于进行有目标的学习。How an institution defines time expectations for students, faculty, administrators, and other professional staff can establish the basis of high performance for all. 学校如何界定对学生、教师、管理者以及对其他职工的时间期望值，是取得良好工作绩效的基础。There are many roads to learning. 学习的方式有很多种。汉译英Katz认为正是男孩自小从父亲那里学到的冷酷无情造就了他们成年后待人的冷漠和麻木。Katz claims that what boys learn from their ruthless fathers in early years shapes their remote and insensitive behaviors as men.因为他们有自己的行为规范，这是他们自小就心知肚明的，尽管这些规范有些残酷，但他们却是宁折不弯地奉行。They have their own Code of Conduct which was taught to them when they were very young. They will follow it unyieldingly though it is regarded as ruthless.而在他们内心深处，却对他人充满了关爱与奉献。But in their hearts, there is lots of love, affection and commitment to people around them事实上，他们非常脆弱。As a matter of fact, they are very sensitive.他们有自己的烦恼和恐惧，但他们对此却守口如瓶。They do have fears and problems, but they try every possible means to hide them from all.他们认为独自处理一切才是一个男人应该做的。They want to handle everything themselves and consider this to be what a real man should do.两代人之间甚至同龄人之间在价值观念（values）和追求上存在差异是在所难免的， It is unavoidable that people of two generations and even those of the same age differ in their values and pursuits;然而，如何对待这种差异则关系到家庭幸福和人际关系的和谐（harmony）。however, the attitude towards this gap can make a huge difference to family and interpersonal relationships s harmony. 现实生活中，人们在差异面前很难做到换位思考。In dealing with differences, it is very hard for people to see things from a different perspective.父母和子女常因婚姻或生活方式进行激烈的争吵或干脆相互回避；As a result, parents and children often quarrel bitterly or simply avoid seeing each other.朋友或同事之间有时也因为观点或行为不同而互相歧视或进行言语攻击；Sometimes, friends and colleagues tend to look down on or attack each other verbally;不同文化背景的人也会对异族文化进行排斥。people of different cultural backgrounds can also be hostile to things foreign.实际上，人们在分歧发生的同时往往忘记了本来存在的亲情（kinship）或友情In fact, when differences occur, people tend to forget the kinship or friendship that has always been there.在随意伤害和积极交流之间，人们容易选择前者（the former）。Between willful hurting and active communication, people are likely to choose the former.差异可能永远存在，然而情（care）和爱却不能就此丢弃。While differences might remain forever, care and love cannot be abandoned.当亲情（tie of kinship）将人们拉近的同时，差异便开始渐渐远去When ties of kinship bring people together, differences begin to melt away.在每个人的内心深处，都有一个美丽的世界。那儿住着我们的朋友。In the innermost depths of everyones heart is a fairyland where our friends stay.儿时的伙伴是天际的彩霞，是记忆的河；There, we can see patches of rosy clouds racing on the horizons and the river of remote memories gurgling along Childhood Pals.同窗好友如悠扬的音乐，如早春的风；We can hear melodious music and feel the cool breeze of early spring School Buddies.家中人的知己是常青的绿地，是温馨的港湾； We can appreciate the evergreen grass patches and the cozy harbor Relative Friends.旅途的风景是同事中的朋友；Still, we can feast our eyes on the landscapes stretching on the journey Work Friends,清晨草叶上颤颤的露珠为新朋友；drops of dew trembling on flowers and grass early in the morning New Friends.然而，居于首位的是阳光朋友-我们永远的挚友。However, those who always stand in the front line of the friendship world are the golden sunshine our everlasting bosom friends.在胖子和瘦子的世界里，存在着一场没有硝烟的战争（an invisible war）。An invisible war is taking place in the world of the fat and the thin.对胖子来说，就凭瘦子那干巴巴的身材，根本就别指望有什么风趣和幽默可言。In the eyes of the fatties, one can never expect any strain of wittiness or humor from the wizened torsos of the skinny.瘦子动作呆板、居高临下、凡事爱讲究又爱较真，让人备受压抑； First, the skinny are overwhelmingly depressing because they are mechanical and condescending; they are particular about everything and take things seriously.瘦子成天行色匆匆，像猎犬一样寻找着需要他们解决的棘手问题（tough problems），仿佛这世界离了他们就不转了似的。Second, the skinny bustles briskly all day like a hound searching for tough problems to tackle, as if the world wouldnt turn without them.另外，瘦子诡计多端，是危险分子。Also, the skinny are dangerous with their machinations.关于胖子，瘦子更是有言在先：胖子乍一看就像个坏蛋（villain）。About the fat, the skinny have their pungent remarks already: the fatty looks like a villain at first sight.试想，电影、电视里的坏蛋大多不都是胖子吗？Imagine those bad guys on TV or in the movies; arent most of them fatties?胖子们贪婪、懦弱、神经质；他们随心所欲，不讲原则；For them, the fat are gluttonous, cowardly, and neurotic; they indulge themselves without principles;他们滑稽、丑陋、悲观，他们对什么都无所谓（carefree）孰是孰非，恐怕只有上帝知道。 they are comic, ugly figures; they are sad and carefree. As to which is right and which is wrong, probably only God knows.有一种方法可以让你的新顾客对你有反应。There is a way to trigger a reaction from a new customer.假设你正在考虑开始做小生意来挖掘新的商机，这个信息对你来说非常重要。This knowledge is particularly useful if youre considering starting a small business to exploit a new business opportunity.当我们在游戏中有利可图时，我们需要新知识，或者甚至是提示来赢得游戏，此时我们就善于接受新信息。We become receptive to new information when we have a stake in a game and need new knowledge, even reminders, to win that game.例如，人生中的重要时期，如结婚、生子、获得驾照或毕业、被炒鱿鱼、发表演讲、开一个聚会活动、开始经营生意等都会给你机会来影响人们，从而让他们朝你们建议的方向前进。For instance, momentous events in life, such as marriage or childbirth, getting your drivers license or graduating from school, getting fired, giving a speech, throwing a party, starting a business, etc. offer you a chance to influence somebody to move in the direction that youd like to propose to them.此外，利益越高，人们也会越愿意听你的。Moreover, the higher the stakes, the more willing to listen this person will be.在今后的10年或15年，高等教育肯定会遇到强大的压力，要求学校负责深入地考虑每个学生适合什么样的学习方法。The nex