初二下册UNIT2复习资料.doc

Unit 2 What should I do? 【单元目标】1单词与短语stereo, loud, argue, original, serious, style, wrong, argument, either, teen, talk, family, tutor, haircut, caller, except, upset1.want sb. to do sth. 2.play ones stereo 3stay at home 4.argue with sb / have an argument with sb. 5.be out of style 6.write sb a letter/write to 7.talk about 8.on the phone9.surprise sb.10.pay for11.get a part-time job12.borrow sth. from sb. 13.ask sb. for15.find out 16.be upset 17.call up 18.the same as 19.get on well with sb. 20.return sth. 21.have a fight with sb. 22.fromto 23.drop off 24.prepare for 25.after-school clubs 26.be used to 27.fill up 28.take the middle road stereo 英stiriu 美stri,o, str- n. 1.立体声音响器材 2.立体声loud 英laud 美lad adj. 1.喧闹的；响亮的；大声的 2.刺眼的, 太招摇的,俗艳的；花哨的 3.(人或举止)说话太大声的；吵闹的 adv.喧闹地；大声地；响亮地argue 英:ju: 美rju vt. & vi.争吵, 辩论，争辩vt. 1.坚决主张, 提出理由证明 2.说服, 劝说 3.表明，证明vi.论证；说理；争辩original 英ridinl 美rdnl adj. 1.起初的; 原来的 2.独创的; 新颖的 3.原版的; 原作的 4.最早的 5.首创的；有独创性的 6.真迹的；非复制的 7.原始的；最初的 8.新鲜的；有独到见解的 9.原作品的；原件的n. 1.原文, 原稿 2.原件；正本 3.（思想、行为、衣着等）不同寻常的人，独特的人，怪人 4.the original 原型;原形 5.原型人物 6.有独创性的人 7.(设计师所设计的新款展出服装的) 原设计服装argument 英:ju:mnt 美rjmnt n. 1.争论, 争吵, 辩论，争辩 2.说理, 论证 3.论据, 论点, 理由caller 英k:l 美kln. 1.访问者,探望者 2.呼叫者;鸣叫物 3.打电话者upset 英pset 美pst vt. & vi.打翻, 弄翻vt. 1.打乱, 扰乱 2.使苦恼, 使心烦; 使不适 3.使不舒服；使难过 4.推翻；击败 5.【冶金学】顿锻，缩锻，镦粗n. 1.翻倒, 扰乱, 不安, 不适 2.心烦意乱；身体不适 3.混乱，紊乱adj. 1.心烦的 2.不舒服的 3.翻倒的，倾覆的 4.混乱的，紊乱的 5.被推翻的；被击败的. call up朝上方叫喊 From the bottom of the stairs Mary called up, “Have you seen my glasses?”玛丽在楼下朝楼上大声问“你有没有看到我的眼镜?”2.美给打电话 The radio station had an open line on which listeners could call up to discuss various issues.这家电台开放线路, 听众可打电话参加各种问题的讨论。Please call me up at any time.请随时打电话给我。3.英叫醒 The doctor was called up three times during the night to attend urgent cases.医生夜里三次被叫醒去看急诊病人。4.使回忆起 The photo calls up the story of my childhood.这张照片使我想起童年时代。drop off 基本释义1.落下 2.不知不觉入睡 3.送下车; 送到 4.减少 5.打盹儿；小睡 6.减少；下降 1.落下 The handle of the door has dropped off.门把手脱落了。2.不知不觉入睡 The old man has dropped off by the fire.这个老人在炉火旁边睡着了。3.送下车; 送到 I can drop you off on my way home.我回家可以顺便送你。4.减少 Sales have been dropping off badly.销售额大大下降。5.打盹儿；小睡6.减少；下降fill up 英filp 美flp 基本释义1.(使)充满 2.被填满 1.(使)充满 His office began to fill up with people.他的办公室里挤满了人。Following the heavy rain, the storage tanks were filling up again.那场暴雨过后, 储水池又满了。The rain has filled up the ditches again.雨水又把沟渠给灌满了。The swimming pool is filled up with mud.游泳池里全是泥。2.被填满2目标句型： 1. What should I do? 2. Why dont you? 3. You could 4. You should 5. You shouldnt3语法情态动词的用法 【重难点分析】情态动词(Modal Verbs )* 情态动词也可称为“情态助动词 (Modal Auxiliaries)”，因为它和基本助动词(be,do, have)都属于助动词类。* 情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。* 情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。* 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。* 常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等。一、九大情态动词的时态关系：1. 现在式 can - 过去式 could2. 现在式 may - 过去式 might3. 现在式 shall - 过去式 should4. 现在式 will - 过去式 would5. 现在式 must - 过去式 must （常用had to来代替）二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to)（1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”：1. He cant be at home. (否定句) 他不可能在家。2. Can the news be true? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句) 这消息可能是真的吗?3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理论上的可能性) 任何人都可能犯错误。（2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”：1. It may rain tomorrow. (表示可能会发生) 明天可能会下雨。2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测) 今天下午可能会下雪。3. You might be right. (表示有可能) 你可能是对的。（3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”：1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会)我想他现在一定好了。2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是) 那肯定是他母亲。3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示经常的) 他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。（4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be) 那准是Sam 和他的母亲。（5）must 用于表示“必定”，“必会”：1. This must be good for you.(must be 肯定) 这肯定对你是有益的。2. All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事) 所有的人一定会死的。3. Mustnt there be a mistake? (mustnt 多用于疑问句) 那肯定会有错误吗？三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)（1）can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”：1. Can I go with you? (请求) 我能跟你一起走吗？2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可) 爸爸说我可以去看电影。3. Could I ask you something ? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转) 我可以问你一件事吗？（2）will 和 would 用于表示“请求”1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office?(表示客气请求) 请问到邮局怎么走？2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气) 请你告诉我你的地址，好吗？（3）shall 和 should 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见1. Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗？2. What should we do next? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气) 下一步我们该怎么做？3. Shall he come to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句) 要不要他来看你？（4）may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用 can )1. You may take a walk. (表示给予许可) 你可以散散步。2. You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转) 是否请给我读一读这故事。3.May I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议吗？4. Might I take a look of your work? 我看看您的大作行吗？5. Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不许可或禁止) 学生不得在图书馆里吵闹。6. If I may say so, you are not right. (用于条件句，表示请求) 你是不对的，如果我可以这么说的话。（5）must 用于表示“禁止”，“不准”：1. Cars must not be parked here. (must not表示不许可) 此地不准停车。2. All of you mustnt fishing in the pool. (must not 语气方面比 may not 更强) 你们不准在池里钓鱼。四、重要短语和表达法(Key Words)1argue v争论；争吵 argue with sb与某人吵架 I argued with my best friend我和我的好朋友吵架了。 Dont argue with him. 别和他争吵了。 2 either adv.（用于否定句）也 He doesnt have any money, and I dont, either他没有钱，我也没有。 I cant play chess. She cant, either.我不会下国际象棋，她也不会。 too 也（用于肯定或疑问句） Im a teacherHe is a teacher, too我是老师，他也是老师。 We are going hiking. Are they going hiking,too?我们要去徒步旅行,他们也要去吗？ 3ask （sb）for sth向某人寻求某物；要 Dont ask for food every dayGo and find some work 别天天要饭，找点儿工作做。 I dont think you should ask your parents for some money.我想你不应向父母要钱。 If you have any problems, you can ask the policeman for help. 如果你有困难，可以向警察求助。 He didnt want to ask his teacher for his book back 他不想向老师要回他的书了。 4the same as. 与相同 The clothes are the same as my friends这些衣服与我朋友的一样。 Tom is the same age as Anna Tom is as old as Anna汤姆和安娜一样大。 Her backpack is the same as mine. 她的背包与我的一样。 5except 除以外；（不包括在内） My class has been invited except me Only I havent been invited除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。 All the students went to the park except him Only he didnt get to the park They all toured America except her. 除了他以外，所有的学生都去美国旅行过。 besides 除以外（包括在内） We all went there besides him He went thereWe went there, too除他去以外，我们也都去了。 There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外还有5倍访客6wrong adj错误的；有毛病的；不合适的 Is there anything wrong with you? 你哪儿不舒服？ Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了?(你哪里不舒服?) Ive got a headache我头痛。 Whats wrong with your watch? It doesnt work.你的手表怎么了？它不走了。 adv错误地；不正确地；不对地 He answered wrong他答错了。 They knew they did wrong. 他们知道他们做错了。7get on well with sb与某人相处融洽 The students will get on well with the teacher学生会和老师相处得非常好。 We get on well with each other我们彼此相处融洽。 Can she get on well with all the other students in her class? 她能与她班里所有的同学相处得好吗?8have a fight with sb fight with sb与某人打架 I dont want to have a fight with my cousin 我不想和我的堂兄打架。 They never fight with each other.They are really good friends. 他们从不打架，他们的确是好朋友。 五、主要句型(Key Sentences Structures) What should I do? You could write him a letter What should he do? Maybe he should say sorry to him What should they do? They shouldnt argue六、词语辨析 1. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借进某物 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 borrow sth. from sb. 是指该句的主语从别人处(往里)借进某物 例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天从露西处借了那本字典. lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 是指该句的主语把某物（往外）借给别人用 例如：Could you lend me your car? 请你借给我你的车用一下好吗？2. get sb. to do 使做（以人为对象时，有“说服使做”的含义） He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。 Youll never get her to agree. 你决不可能使她同意。 ask sb. to do 邀请（人）做 We asked her to come to our party.我们请她来参加聚会 tell sb. to do让某人做某事 例如： The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老师那天让他完成那项工作。3、be in style 时髦的，流行的 be out of style 过时的，不时髦的 例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦。 Those clothes are out of style. 那些衣服过时了。七、课文解释1、I dont want to surprise him. 我不想让他感到意外。 此处surprise是及物动词 surprise sb. 使某人感到吃惊 eg. My friend always surprises me.2、talk about it on the phone 用电话就此事进行交流eg. Call Jim on the phone. 找吉姆听电话。 Lily, you are wanted on the phone. 莉莉，你的电话3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call 给某人打电话He called me (up) from New York. 他从纽约给我打来电话=He gave me a call from New York.4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb. 给某人写信5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券 eg. They got two tickets to tonights show.他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。6、She has the same haircut as I do. 她和我有相同的发型。eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。7、find out （研究、努力的结果）发现，查出，找出You should find out (the answer) for yourself.你应该自己去找答案。8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me. 除了我以外，我们班其他别的人都接到了邀请（信）此句中else一词不能单独使用它必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面，或跟在特殊疑问词像“what, where”等词的后面使用意思是“别的”eg. What else do you know about it? 关于此事你还知道什么别的方面9、I cant think what I did wrong. 我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句，作think的宾语应用陈述语序。10、Im very upset and dont know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。此句中 what to do是不定式作know的宾语，可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I dont know what I should do.”11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有许多你能做的事。此句中 you could do是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“things”12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。Leave sth. +介词短语，是“把忘在，落在（某处）的意思。eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。13、You should try to be funny. 你应该试着幽默一些。 Try to do努力做，试着做，尽量做 而try not to do 是尽量不做eg. Please try not to be late again. 请尽量不要再迟到。14、Their school days are busy enough. 他们的学校生活是够忙的。 enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够的”eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。15、be under too much pressure. 在太多的压力下16、see other children doing a lot of things 看别的孩子在做许多事 see sb. doing 看见某人正在干某事eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球17、find it hard to do sth. 发现做（事）很难 He found it hard to learn math well. 他发现学好数学很难检测练习：一选择填空：15 ACDDC1. I _ home until I finish my homework.A. wont go B. will go C. go D. went2. I dont know if she _ tomorrow, if she _, Ill call you.A. comes, comes B. will come, will come C. will come, comes D. comes, will come3. There _ more people in the next 5 years.A. is B. are C. will have D. will be4. She tried _ about her journey, but she found it difficult.A. didnt to worry B. to not worry C. not worrying D. not to worry5. I think _ food is fried chicken in the USA.A. more popular B. most popular C. the most popular D. popular610 BBBCC6. When you go to see your father, please _ these books to him.A. bring B. take C. carry D. put7. His backpack is the same _ Toms.A. at B. as C. from D. in8. I argued _ my good friends yesterday. What should I do?A. of B. with C. at D. to9. Han Mei _ a book from the library a week ago.A. lent B. returned C. borrowed D. wanted10. - What can I do for you, sir? -Im _ a book on history.A. making out B. finding out C. looking for D. working outbackpack 英bkpk 美bk,pk n.(指登山者、步行者使用或背小孩时使用的)背包, (有轻金属框的)箱形背包vi.背着背包徒步旅行find out 英 基本释义同反义词1.发现, 看穿, 揭发, 找出;查明 2.使发作 3.通过探询访问获悉(某人)不在 4.使受惩罚, 使得到报应 1.发现, 看穿, 揭发, 找出;查明 I hope nobody finds out.我希望无人发现。Ill find out about planes to New York.我去打听一下飞纽约的班机。The manager had found him out and was going to sack him.经理发觉了他的不轨行为, 打算炒他鱿鱼。We must find out the truth of the matter.我们必须弄清楚事情的真相。The traitor was finally found out and put in prison.那个卖国贼终于被人发现并被监禁了起来。I have found out how to make the cake.我已经发现怎么做蛋糕。We soon found out that he was a secret agent.我们很快就查明他是个间谍。It was found out that certain herbal medicines had curative effect on AIDS.经研究发现有些草药对艾滋病有疗效。Find out where he is going.弄清楚他要到哪儿去。Please find out when the train starts.请你查一下火车什么时候开。2.使发作 This cold weather finds out my old wound.这寒冷的天气使我的旧伤疼痛。The overcast and rainy weather found out his arthritis.阴雨天使他的关节炎发作了。3.通过探询访问获悉(某人)不在 I found him out when I called.我去看他时发现他不在家。I called at his office yesterday, but found him out.昨天我到他办公室去看他, 但发现他不在。4.使受惩罚, 使得到报应 His sins will find him out.他为非作歹, 不会有好下场。work out 基本释义同反义词1.解决, 解答; 计算出 2.产生结果; 发展 3.锻炼 4.作出; 制订出 5.使筋疲力尽; 耗尽 6.了解某人的本质 7.在外当雇工 1.解决, 解答; 计算出 This problem will not work out.这个问题解答不了。She worked out the problem with no difficulty.她毫无困难地解决了这个问题。The area can easily be worked out if you know the length and the breadth.如果你知道长度与宽度, 面积很容易计算出来。The charge for labor works out at almost ten shillings an hour.付给工人的费用算下来每小时差不多十先令。I cant work out how to do it.我无法解答怎么做它。Can you work out on the map where we are now?你能在地图上找到我们现在所在的位置吗?2.产生结果; 发展 The plan worked out badly.计划进行不顺利。Everything has worked out according to plan.一切都按计划发展。3.锻炼 These athletes work out at the gym for two hours every day.这些运动员每天都要在体育馆锻炼两个小时。4.作出; 制订出 It wasnt too long before we had worked out a plan acceptable to all.没多久我们就制订出一个大家都能接受的计划。The plan has already been worked out, and could be put into operation at a moments notice.计划已经拟好并立即可以付诸实施。5.使筋疲力尽; 耗尽 He never seems to be worked out.他好像永远不知疲乏似的。6.了解某人的本质 Youre cunning, and I cant work you out.你这个人太狡猾, 我实在看不透你。7.在外当雇工 Jimmy worked out when he was only ten.吉米在十岁时就离家去当雇工了。Once youve worked out why youre a good match for a job, it will be eaiser to make convincing applications.一旦你清楚自己适合什么工作.写出有说服力的求职申请就容易得多了二用适当的词或词组填空：二. 1. getting on well 2. more than3. credit 4. ask， for5. gets a part-time job more thanget on wellaskforcredit except get a part-time job1. Are you _ with your classmates?2. There are _ three thousand students in our school.3. He bought all these things on _.4. Why dont you _your parents _ help?5. Mike always _ to pay for his tuition. tuition 英tjuin 美tun, tju- n. 1.学费 2.课程讲授三连词成句：1. Maybe you should ask your parents for help. 2. I want to talk about it on the phone.3. Soccer is very popular all over the world. 4. Did you have a fight with your classmate yesterday? 5. There will be less pollution in the future. 1. you, should, maybe, parents, ask, help, for, your_.2. want, it, to, on, phone, I, talk, about, the_.3. soccer, popular, is, very, the, world, all, over _.4. have, a, fight, your, with, did, classmate, yesterday, you_?5. pollution, will, there, less, the, in, future, be_.四阅读理解What do we know about the sea? Most of us have seen it. We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it can be less pretty when the weather is terrible. What other things do we know about it? The first thing is that the sea is very big. Look at the map of the world and youll find there is less land than sea. The sea covers 3/