RelativeClause关系从句的用法.ppt

EnglishGrammar ChangbiaoLiDecember 2009 Lecture6 MajorContents Lecture1IntroductiontoNEGLecture2Non finiteverb infinitive ing edparticiples Lecture3Subject verbconcordLecture4DeterminersLecture5Tense aspect voiceandmoodLecture6RelativeclauseLecture7CohesionandcoherenceLecture8Sentencepatterns It pattern coordination subordination conditionalsentence postponement fronting inversion comparison Lecture6RelativeClause 1 Peerdiscussion CommentsonEssay3Passagecorrection 1 DefinitionofRelativeClause ArelativeclauseisaclausethatisintroducedbyarelativewordbyarelativepronounorbyarelativedeterminerorbyarelativeadverbIshallneverforgetthedaywhenIenteredtheuniversity antecedent Relativeclause byarelativepronoun examples Heisamanwho thatmeanswhathesays Peoplewhosedogbiteotherpeopleshouldkeepthemtiedup Thefewpoints which that thepresidentstressedinhisreportareveryimportantindeed byarelativeadverb Examples Intheyearswhen that inwhich foodwasnotenoughmanypeoplewerestarvedtodeath ThenextdayJohnwentwithmetotherailwaystation whereIboughtaticketforBeijing Thatisthereasonwhy that forwhich Iamnotinfavoroftheplan 2 Only that inuse not which who whom MuchthatIlearnedinthebookisveryuseful ProfessorLihastoldussomethingthatweshoulddointhesummervacation Antecedent all everything nothing something anything little much none few 2 Only that inuse not which who whom Thisismostinterestingfilmthathasbeenproducedinrecentyears ThefirstthingIamgoingtodoistowritetomyparents ordinalnumeral superlativedegree Antecedent 2 Only that inuse not which who whom ThisistheverybookthatIhavebeenlookingfor Thereisnopersonthatdoesn tmakemistakes no every some only very much Antecedent 2 Only that inuse not which who whom Theyaretalkingabouttheteachersandschoolsthattheyhadvisited Lookatthemanandhisdonkeythatarewalkingupthestreet Twoantecedents sb sth animal 2 Only that inuse not which who whom Iknowthedifference that thereisbetweenyou Thenumberofmistakes that thereareinthishomeworkissimplysurprising antecedent that therebe 3 Relativepronoun but Thereisnorulebuthassomeexceptions Thereareveryfewbutadmirehistalent but that which who not 用于no后 4 Relativepronoun than Youspentmoremoneythanwasintendedtobespent Hespendsmoremoneythanheearns Theearthrevolvesalittlemorerapidlythanitisclosertothesun than comparativeadj antecedent 5 Relativeadverb ThisisthelasttimethatIshallgiveyoualesson Thefirsttime that Ienteredthecollegewasin1988 ordinalnumeral last time that time that when 6 Relativepron Weadmirethewayhesolvedtheproblem Ingeneral thewaypeoplethinkaboutthemselveshasaprofoundeffectonallareasoftheirlives theway that inwhich 7 Restrictive non restrictiverelativeclause Theauthorswho whom that hementionedarewell known Heisthemanwhohasstrongpersonality restrictiverelativeclause 7 Restrictive non restrictiverelativeclause Theclock whichmygreat grandfatherbought isstillingoodorder Heisgoingtothegolfcourse whereheintendstoputinsomepractice non restrictiverelativeclause 8 Thesame as such as as as so as Ilendyousuchbooksaswillinterestyou Sheknewhefeltjustthesameasshedid Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays Hereissobigastoneasnomancanlift Relativeadverb as 8 As which As 1 代替主句整个或部分内容 2 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句首 句中或句尾 3 当as在其引导的从句中充当主语时 其位于动词通常是be或其他系动词以及被动语态 此时若as引导的定语从句不在句首 as和which可互换 Which 引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于句首 9 prep relativepron Thisisthelargestclockintheworld ofwhichtheminutehand theminutehandofwhichissixmeterslong Thesearetheconditions which that hecan tputupwith Atthescenethereweretwocigarettesleft oneofwhichwasstainedwithlipstick 10 Doublerelativeclause Referringtoapostmodifiercomposedoftworelativeclausesthatshareoneandthesameantecedent Thetwoclausesmaybeonthesamerankofstructureandareconnectedbyacoordinator Youwilleasilyfindus justlookforahousewhosewindowsneedwashingandwhosefenceneedsrepairing 10 Doublerelativeclause Twoclausesmayalsobeplacedondifferentlevels SheistheonlygirlIknowwhocanplaytheguitar Herethefirstrelativeclausemodifies theonlygirl whilethesecondrelativeclausemodifies theonlygirlIknow 11 Embeddedrelativeclause Itisaclausethatfunctionsbothasthepostmodifierofanounphraseinthemainclauseandastheobjectofanotherinsertedclause i e therelativeclauseisembeddedinanotherclause Shehasanadoptedchildwhoshesayswasanorphan Herethewho clauseisatoncethepostmodifier