普陀初中补习班 初一英语—句子结构和词类.doc

教学重点：五大基本句型词汇形容词副词的比较级教学内容一、5种基本句型eg.Be quiet.The baby is s_.Alice and Kitty are good f_.She is always f_and helpful.She never g_ angry.I usually p_ badminton with my aunt.They always h_each other.My friend g_me a pen.I promise to keep our school c_.总结五大基本句型：类型谓语动词举例或说明例句分析主+谓 SVsleep,walk,happen,come,go,stay,arrive,laugh等不及物动词They are talking.She is sleeping.主+谓+宾SVO及物动词She speaks English very well.She often cleans her room.主+系+表SLPbe get 等系动词She is very happy.She gets angry.主+谓+间接宾语+直接宾语SVOOgive show buy make tell等动词，两个宾语之间无主谓关系Give me the book.She made me a cake.Show me your passport.主+谓+宾语+宾补SVOCmake keep leave等动词，宾语和宾补有逻辑上的主谓关系People should keep the environment clean.We should make the earth a beautiful place.Dont leave any food in your plate.请学生判断下面句子的句型，并在相应成分下方划线：eg. The flat has a big sitting room.Li Bin likes his new flat.Many things pollute water, such as tyres,trash(垃圾),and plastic bags.You should keep your room tidy.The guests are coming. Winnie is visiting Garden City for the first time.The girl is beautiful.The old woman always gets angry about all the things.We must keep our school_(clean,cleaning)二、VocabularyPart One1. invite v. invitation n. 邀请函；邀约He is writing an_(invite) card to his friends with his wishes.【点拨】-tionpollute v. 污染 - _n.污染introduce v.介绍 _n.介绍congratulate v.祝贺 - _n.祝贺celebrate v.庆祝 - _n.庆祝congratulate v.祝贺-_ n. 祝贺locate v.位于- _n. 位置2. talk talk to /with sb. 和某人交谈talk about sth. 讨论某事【补充】say、speak、talk、tell的区别say一般作及物动词用，着重说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词，代词或宾语从句Please say it in English. 请用英语说。speak强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容 。作及物动词时，常以某种语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，常见的搭配形式有:speak to sb 跟某人讲话，此外speak还可用于在较为正式的场合了表演讲或演说eg.Can you speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗？ She is speaking to her teacher. 她正在跟她的老师说话。He spoke at the meeting yesterday. 他昨天在会上讲了话。 talk 一般为不及物动词，意思是“交谈，谈话，着重强调两具之间的相互说话。eg: She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英语交谈。What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么？ tell常作及物动词，意为“讲述，告诉，动词常跟双宾语。tell sb sthtell sth to sb告诉某人某事。eg: Did you tell her the news?Did you tell the news to her? tell a story 讲故事3. agent n. agency n. 代理处Jerry Wand is a famous estate_.China travel _4. national adj. nation / international/ nationalityThe_(nation) flag of the U.S. flies high in the Time Square.【拓】-ityactive adj.活跃的 activity n.活动national adj.国家的 - nationality n. 国籍5. ancient adj. modern adj. 现代的、时髦的Some ancient towns have walls round them.modern society 现代社会6. history n.历史 historical adj.历史的a country with a long _China is a _ country, she has her special culture7. interest n. interested adj.感兴趣的interesting adj.有趣的be interested in (doing ) sth 对某事/做某事很感兴趣It is interesting to do sth 做某事很有趣There are many places of_(interesting) in France.He was not _ in that planWe can do some _ things.【拓展】-ed/ -ingmove v.- moved/moving erest v. - interested/interesting adj.8. wonderful adj. wonder v. 惊奇But anyway this will be a _ game.(wonder)9. anotherId like _ cup of coffee.10. north of/in the north ofThe Great Wall is_ Beijing.Beijing is_China. 11. Millions of_(tour) come to visit Shanghai every year.12. Tim has sent me a photo of_(he).13. agree v. 同意 - agreement n.同意I _ with you,Mum.Finally they made an_.(agree)【点拨】agree with sb.Part Two 动词的适当形式填空 区分第一动词和第二动词1. Thank you for_(help) me a lot during this trip.2. We _( enjoy) our winter holiday soon.3. Would you like_(have) another cup of tea?4. Tourists can see soldiers_(raise) the Chinese national flag in Tiananmen Square every morning.5. My family_(plan) where to travel during this coming long holiday at the moment.6. Mary_(go) to Shanghai for a trip every year.总结：第一动词看时态，第二动词看搭配7. 第一动词看时态：used to 过去常常做某事,be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事（1）There _ be a cinema,didnt there?（2）The Smiths_live in a house in the suburbs.（3）After three weeks she _living in the hot weather.（4）Mr. Bush is living in Shanghai.He_eating Shanghai food.（5）I used to have lunch at school.(改为一般疑问句)_you _ to_lunch at school?(7)There used to be a lot of old huts(小屋) in this area.（改为否定句）There_ _ to be _old huts in this area.(8)The street in front of our house was narrow before.(保持原意)The street in front of our house _ _ be narrow.8. 第二动词看搭配doingto dodowantwould likedecidelike/lovelike/lovefinishLetscanShall wehad betterWhat aboutsb doingsb to dosb dosb with sth.want/would likehelphelphelptellkeepPart Three1. Mr. Black went to Dalian by plane yesterday.(对划线部分提问）_ _Mr. Black _ to Dalian yesterday?2. It takes about half anhourfor me to go to work every day.(对划线部分提问）_ _does it take for you to go to work every day?3. It costs 100 yuan.(划线提问)_ _ does it _?cost 值多少钱cost sb. money 花费某人多少钱A spent B cost C took D pay The book _ me one hundred yuan. It was very dear.He _ too much money on horse racing.He _ all his energy climbing up the hill.I will _ for that book.三、Grammar1、形容词副词的比较级Choose the best answer1.The music sounds_. (beautiful / beautifully)2.She is a_ girl. (careful / carefully)3. I have_ to tell you. (important something / something important)4. We must keep our classroom_. (quiet / quietly)5. We must try our best to make our city_. (beautiful / beautifully)6. She speaks English_. (good / well)7. English is_ used in the world. (wide / widely)8. I _ dont know who he is. (real / really)9. Im _ sorry Im late. (terrible / terribly)10. The boy is_ to go to school. (enough old / old enough)易错题：1. The girl looked _. (angry)2. The girl looked _ at me. (angry)3. She speaks a _ English. (good)4. She speaks English _. (good)5. The fish tasted_. Throw it away at once. A. nice B. nicely C. bad D. badly 6. Mary felt _ to go to school. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough7. Take it _, little boy! Its_ enough for you to do that. A. easy, easy B. easily, easily C. easy, easily D. easily, easy 8. Mr. Li is a good teacher. (改为感叹句）_ _ Mr. Li teaches!写出下列形容词的副词形式1. fast_ 2. hard_3. quick_ 4. easy_5. early_ 6. much_7. good_ 8. careful_9. lucky_ 10. straight_11. real_ 12. late _13. terrible_ 14. possible_15. true_ 16. complete_2）比较级句型1：A is + adj.比较级 + than B句型2：A is as + adj.原级 + as B句型3：A is not as + adj.原级 + B句型4：A is less + adj.原级 + than B注意句型1：A runs+ adv.比较级 + than B句型2：A runs as + adv.原级 + as B句型3：A runs not as + adv.原级 + B句型4：A runs less + adv.原级 + than BA.规则变化形容词比较级的构成有一定的规则，主要有以下两种： 单音节和少数双音节（如以y结尾的词）以加词尾-er;的方式构成， 在加词尾时要注意： 情况加法举例一般情况直接加词尾smallsmallerfast-_strong-_单音节词以-e结尾的词加一 r，largelargernice-_safe-_一个元音字母+一个 辅音字母结尾的重读 闭音节词先双写结尾的辅音字 母再加erbig-_hot-_fat-_thinthinnersad-_red-_双音节词以辅音+y结尾的词改y为i,再加erheavyheaviereasy-_funny-_healthy-_early-_其他的双音节词在前面 加 morefa