模块6内容(26页).doc

模块六Unit 1【短语记忆】in response to作为对的反应,回应make jokes about拿开玩笑 queue up排队 trip over a chair被椅子绊倒 the daily routine日常工作 break the routine打破常规one little-known fact一个鲜为人知的事实follow in the footsteps of sb效仿某人 be good for对有好处 take on new foreign students招收外国学生move on to doing sth.继续做某事make room for腾出地方cross ones legs翘起双腿 Whats going on here?发生了什么?dash out = rush out冲出去tear the paper in two把纸撕成两半burst in突然闯入；打断 present sth. to sb.把呈现/赠送/颁发给某人glare at怒目而视stare at凝视、盯着看glance at瞥一眼hold out 拿出 hold on不挂断;坚持hold up举起；支撑hold down阻止，压制hold back隐瞒bump into sb.撞上某人知识点一：1. stand up for sth: 支持，维护We should strive to stand up for our right.2. stage: n. 舞台，阶段，时期 be on the stage: 在舞台上；当演员，登台表演go on the stage: 上舞台，当演员 on stage: 在舞台上 at a early stage: 在早期 One minute on the stage and ten years of practice off the stage. She wanted to go on the stage from an early age. 他从小就相当演员。 We watched them from afar, and admired them only on screen and on stage.我们远远的注视他们，只能通过荧屏或舞台钦慕他们的风采。 The babies develop quickly at an early stage.3. variety: n. (1) 变化，多样性(2) 种类，各种各样各种各样的 a variety of sth: varieties of sth: He left for a variety of reasons. In the green grocers， there are varieties of greens. 菜市场里有各种各样的蔬菜。 The varieties of goods in this supermarket are rich.4. behave well / badly: 行为表现好坏behave oneself: 行为表现好 He behaves badly all the time. Children, please behave yourself.5. tease sb / make fun of sb: 取笑，嘲弄Dont take what he said seriously, she is just teasing you. 别拿他的话当真，他只是在取笑你。6. trip over sth: 被绊倒 trip sth (up): 绊倒 She tripped over a cat and fell down. He tried to trip me but in vain.7. get ones start: 挣得第一桶金howl with laughter: 哈哈大笑He got his start in the business and howled with laughter.8. have affection for sth: 喜爱，钟爱He has great affection for his work.9. later on: 后来，过些时候10. such: adj. 那样的，这样的，如此的such与数词或不定代词any，some，all，no等连用时放在它们之后；与不定冠词连用时，放在不定代词之前。例如： There is no such thing as a free lunch. You gave me such a flight.11. live: adj. & adv. 现场直播的地 a live program. The concert was broadcast live on TV. 12. well: adv. (1) 充分地，彻底地； (2) 相当地，远远地，颇，很 The pan must be dried well before you put it away. He looks well over 40. 他看上去远远地超过40岁。补充：1）. laugh ones head off: 大笑不止2）. smile on sb: 有利于，垂青，带来好运3）. have the last laugh / He who laughs last laughs best: 笑到最后，笑得最好4）. no laughing matter: 严肃的事，不是闹着玩的5）. laughing stock: 笑柄6）. laugh in ones face: 当面嘲笑某人7）. be all smiles: 满脸堆笑13. participate in sth: 参加，参与participation: pa:tisipein n. U参加，参与 (in)participant: pa:tisipnt n. 参加者，参与者 The whole class are participating the discussion. We want more participation in the decision-making process.14. drive sb away: 赶跑drive (sb) off: 驾车离开；赶走击退drive sth up: 迫使上涨 Your anger will drive him away. After the accident, the other car drove off. We keep dogs in the yard to drop off the intruders(非法闯入者). The oil shortage drove gas prices up by 20 cents a gallon.15. guarantee: (1) vt. 担保，保证；保修，包换guarantee sth: 保证，担保guarantee to do sth: 保证做.guarantee that: 保证.guarantee sb sth: 保证某人 guarantee your safety / your debt. 保证你的安全担保你的债务 We guarantee to deliver the package within one week. These days getting a degree(学位) will guarantee you a good job. The radio is guaranteed for a year. 收音机保修一年。(2) n. 保修单期；保证；担保（物）there is no guarantee that: 无法保证不一定There is no guarantee that it will be a nice weather tomorrow.15. instruct: vt. 命令，指示；传授，告知instruction: n. 命令，指示；传授，使用说明instructive: adj. 有教育意义的，启发性的instruct sb to do sth: 命令指示某人做instruct sb in sth: 传授某人instruct (sb) that: 告知某人 I have instructed him to keep the door locked. All our staff have been instructed in sign language. 我们所有的员工都被教授了手语。 We are instructed by our client that you owe them 300. 我们的委托人通知我们说你欠他们300英镑。16. take on sb / sth: 雇佣；呈现；承担take on some staff. 雇佣一些员工take on a puzzled look. 呈现困惑的神色take on a challenging task. 承担挑战性的任务17. move on to (doing) sth: 开始做；换话题Can we move on to a new topic?18. polish: n. (1)上光剂，鞋油 (2) 优雅 (3) 磨光，擦亮 You should use wax polish on wooden furniture. 你应该在木制家具上打上蜡。 Four years of college gave her considerable polish. 四年的大学给了她更多的优雅。 Give your shoes a polish. 把你的鞋子擦一下。 vt. polish sth (up) : 磨光，擦亮polish sth up: 改善提高polish sth off: 迅速做完 polish (up) the table. Will you polish up this article a bit before we send it to the printer?在这篇文章付印以前，请把它修改一下好吗？ We can polish the job off with the help of the new computer.19. as if从句省略如果as if引导的从句和主句的主语一致，同时从句中含有be的适当形式，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。剩余部分为名词、形容词、介词短语、分词或不定式等。as if引导的从句是否为虚拟语气，要根据上下文判断。例如： He behaved as if (he was) a fool. The old man lay there as if (he was) dead. Ruby(鲁比) glanced about as if (she was) in search of something. John paused as if (he was ) expecting Mary to speak. They opened their eyes wide as (they were) shocked by the sudden appearance of the lost boy. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see答案为D。20. mind if I sit down?这是个省略句，完整的句子为would you mind if I sit down?21. please do: 好吧，请吧。Would you mind my opening the door? _. A. Yes, open itB. No, you wouldnt C. No, go ahead D. Yes, please do (答案为C)22. make room for sth: 为腾出地方Please put away these books and make room for the piano.23. dash: vi. 急奔，猛冲n. 急奔，猛冲；短跑；破折号dash sth off: 匆忙完成 An ambulance dashed to the scene of the accident. 救护车风驰电掣地赶往事故现场。 She dashed off a letter to her mother. 她给母亲匆匆写了一封信。 He made a dash for the bus. 他猛冲过去追赶汽车。 He finished first in the 100-meter dash. 他在100米短跑中得了第一名。24. tear: (tore, torn) vt. 撕，扯把撕成碎片tear sth to pieces: tear sth apart: tear sth open: 撕拆开 The contract(合同) lay on the ground, torn to pieces. He torn the letter open and found a bill of 50 yuan.25. burst: (burst, burst)(1) vi. 猛冲；突然出现；爆裂burst in: 突然闯入突然起来 burst into sth: burst out doing: burst into tears / burst out crying: 突然大哭起来 burst into laughter / burst out laughing: 突然大笑起来 burst into flames: 突然起火(2) n. 突发，迸发；爆炸；裂口a burst in the water pipea sudden burst of danger: 怒火的迸发知识点二：1. response n. 回应，反应；回答 respond vi 回应，反应 make responses to 对做出答复 in response to 答复, 对.作出反应 respond to with 用对做出反应I offered to help him, but he didnt respond (= he made no response).我主动给他提供帮助，但他没有回应。He responded to my advice with a smile. 他对我的建议报以一笑。 .= He smiled in response to my advice.2. queue up 排队（等候） queue up for 为而排队等候 queue up to do 排队做某事 jump the queue 未轮到而抢先，插队 a queue of 一长列（车等）Children queued up for tickets.孩子们排队等候买票。 Theyre queuing up to see a film. 他们排队看电影。We shouldnt jump the queue at any place. 在任何地方我们都不应该插队。There is a queue of cars at the traffic lights.交通灯前有一长列汽车。3. award vt. 奖励，授予； n. 奖品，奖状，奖金 award sb. sth. / sth. to sb. 把某物颁发给某人A prize was awarded to her for her contributions.她因作出贡献而获奖。We have seen the award ceremony. 我们已经看了颁奖典礼。4. live adj. 活的 (修饰动物) adj./adv. 现场直播的(地) The cat is playing with a live mouse. 这只猫正在和一只活老鼠玩耍.The football match will be broadcast live tonight. 那场足球赛将在今晚现场直播。辨析：alive living live livelyalive: 表语形容词，既可指人又可指物，作表语、后置定语、补足语。living: 作前置定语、表语。the living意为“活着的人们”。live: 作定语，通常修饰动物lively:“活泼的，充满生机的，活跃的”， 作定语或表语，既可指人，也指物。5. make up 编造，化装，打扮，组成，弥补,言归于好He made up a wonderful story to explain his absence. The actors were making up when we arrived.What are the qualities that make up her character? Betty and John quarreled, but made up after a while. Because you were ill, you will have to make up the final exam.链接：be made up of = consist of 由构成 The USA is a country made up of (= consisting of) fifty states. (注意分词的形式)6. appropriate adj. 正确的，适当的 be appropriate for 对适合 It be appropriate for sb to do sth. It be appropriate thatHis casual clothes were not appropriate for such a formal occasion. 他的便服不适宜这样正式场合。 inappropriate adj. 不合适的7. Whatever the reason, research shows that in the end, English saying “Laughter is the best medicine” may be true after all.句中whatever the reason有所省略，完整的句子是whatever the reason is。We have made up our minds that we will finish the job whatever the cost (is).He always wears a suit whatever the season (is).8. Writing is a tough work, but I hope it will all be worthwhile. worthwhile adj. 值得的；值得花时间、金钱、精力的；可以做定语、表语常用句型：It be worth while to do / doing sth. It be worth ones while to do sth.Personally, teaching is a worthwhile career. 在我个人看来，教书是值得做的职业。Reading the book is worthwhile. = It is worthwhile to read / reading the book.9. I must have forgotten to tell you. 我一定忘记告诉你了。 must have done 一定做了什么，只用于肯定句中表示对过去的推测It must have rained last night for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了因为地湿了。【总结】表示推测可以用以下形式Sb. must / may / might do/be (肯定句中推测现在) Sb. must / may / might have done/been (肯定句中推测过去)Can / Could sb. do / be? (疑问句中推测现在) Can / Could sb. have done / been? (疑问句中推测过去)Sb. cannot / couldnt do / be (否定句中推测现在)Sb. cannot / couldnt have done/been (否定句中推测过去)【注意】(1) 以上结构中情态动词的过去式并不表示句子的时态，而表示推测把握性更小。(2) can 用于肯定句表示推测时，指偶尔的可能性。【比较】以下结构表示虚拟Sb. could / would / should / ought to / need / might + have done sth. 某人本能够 / 要(会) / 应该 / 需要 / 可能做某事，实际相反。Sb. couldnt / wouldnt / shouldnt / oughtnt to / neednt / might not + have done sth. 某人本不能够 / 要(会) / 应该 / 需要 / 可能做某事，实际相反。10. tear (tore; torn) vt. / vi. 撕；扯 (使)分裂 This material tears easily. 这种料子很容易撕破。 I tore my coat this morning. 今天早上我把上衣撕破了。 tear oneself away 勉强离开，忍痛离开 tear sth. down = pull down 拆卸；拆毁（尤指建筑物） tear sth. open撕开 tear n. 眼泪，常用复数11. burst in 闯入；打断；突然出现 The police burst in and arrested the person. 警察突然闯进去逮捕了那个人。“I dont see why I must not go,” he burst in angrily. 他气愤地插嘴说：我不明白为什么我不能去。 burst into 闯入里; 突然出现； burst out laughing / shouting / crying / cheering 突然笑 / 叫喊 / 哭 / 欢呼起来 burst into laughter / tears / cheers 放声大笑 / 放声大哭 / 放声欢呼12. present vt. 给；颁发； adj. 出席的；现在的常用结构： present sb. with sth / sth. to sb. 把交给某人；颁发给某人 present sth to sb. 提出；提交 be present at sth. 出席people present 在场的人 (做后置定语)；the present situation 当前的形势The servant held out a roll of toilet paper and presented it to King. (把交给)She was presented with an award. (颁发)He will present his final report at the next conference. (提交)Unit 2【短语记忆】achieve success in sth在某方面取得成功meet / reach a goal实现目标cheer sb up使某人高兴起来in good spirits情绪好，精神好the secret to happiness幸福的秘诀cry about / over为而哭泣overcome ones disappointment克服失落感adapt to new life适应新的生活look back on回顾，回忆at that point in life在人生的那个阶段in a rush匆忙地，急切地work part-time jobs= moonlight vi. (moonlighted; moonlighted)做兼职工作assist sb with sth帮助某人某事assist sb to do sth/assist sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事take time to relax抽空放松一下make ones own decision自己做决定知识点一：1. be surrounded by / with sth: 被包围环绕surrounding: adj. (作定语) 附近的，周围的surroundings: n. 环境，周围的事物 The house was surrounded by high walls and green trees. The surrounding area is known for its beautiful views. Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings. 动物园中的动物没有自然环境。2. times: n. 时代，时期，日子in modern times: 在现代Times are hard for me. 我的日子很难。3. by: 到时间为止by + 现在时间, 主句用现在完成时by + 过去时间, 主句用过去完成时by + 将来时间, 主句用将来完成时 By this week, we have accomplished 2 projects. By the time he realized his view was wrong, he had nearly finished his essay. He will have been in the army for 10 years by next June.4. apart: adj. & adv. (1) (时间、空间上)相隔，相距 The two houses stand 500m apart. The birthday is only 3 days apart.(2) 分离（的）；分开（的）；破裂（的） tell sth apart: 区分开 fall apart: vi. 崩溃，瓦解，散架 live apart from sb: 与分开住 I cant tell the twins apart. When his wife left him, his world just fall apart. We are living apart from our parents.5. apart from sth: (1) (=except) 除以外 (2) (=besides) 除以外也 All the articles are good apart from this one. Apart from their houses in London, they also have a villa(别墅) in Spain.6. cost sb sth: 使某人付出 The meal cost me 10 dollars. The scandal(丑闻) cost the girl her career.7. rush sb to sth: 把急送in a rush: 匆忙地 The patient was rushed to the airport by the ambulance. Those words came out in a rush.8. spirits: n. 精神，情绪，心境in high spirits: 情绪高昂in low / poor spirits: 情绪低落The achievements put us in high spirits.9. appreciation: n. (1) 感激 (2) 欣赏；鉴定 (3) 理解in appreciation of sth: 以感激 He showed his appreciation for our work. Please accept this gift in appreciation of your help. She showed little appreciation of good music. 她感受不到美好音乐的好处。10. cry over / about sth: 因为哭泣cry over spilt milk: 作于事无补的担忧。 As the saying goes, “Its no use crying over spilt milk”. Its stupid to cry over something unimportant.11. adapt: v. 适应；改编adaptation: ,dpten n. 适应，改编（本）adapt to sth: 适应adapt oneself to sth: 使某人（自己）适应 adapt a script. 改编剧本 Our eyes soon adapted to the dark. 我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗。 She adapted herself to the climate.12. go after sth: 追赶；追求，谋求 He went after the burglars. 他追赶那些盗贼。 He goes after every woman he meets. We are both going after the same job. 我们俩都谋求得到这份工作。13. heart and soul: adv. 全心全意地We must serve the people heart and soul.14. advocate: vt. 主张，提倡；拥护 advocate (doing) sth: advocate that: Do you advocate banning cars in the city center? I advocate a policy of gradual reform. 我拥护逐步改革的政策。 The report advocated that we should try our best to protect the environment.15. accompany: vt. (1) 陪伴，陪同 (2) 为伴奏accompaniment: kmpnimnt n. (1) 伴奏 (2) 伴随物，配料accompanist: kmpnist n. 伴奏者 accompany sb / keep sb company: 陪伴to the accompaniment of sb: 在伴奏下 Accompanied by his mother, the boy visited many places of interests. The singer was accompanied on the piano by his sister. 这位歌唱家由他妹妹钢琴伴奏。 She left the stage to the accompaniment of loud cheers. 她在一片欢呼声中离开了舞台。16. follow the procedures: 遵循这些步骤17. to ones relief: 使.宽慰的是To our great relief, the children all arrived home safely.18. head for sth / make for sth: 去.leave for sth: 动身去 Its getting late; wed better turn and make for home. 天晚了，我们最好折回家把。 I will leave for the airport this afternoon.19. feel caught between sth: 在之间感到左右为难I felt caught between further study and looking for a job when graduating from university.20. It feels like + 从句: 似乎，感觉好像We just met a couple of days ago, but it feels like we have known each other for a lifetime.我们几天前才认识，但感觉好像认识了很久。21. quit: (quit, quit / quitted, quitted) vt. & vi. 辞去；停止，离开quit doing sth: 停止做quit school: 辍学 quit ones job: 辞职 quit smoking: 戒烟 He got his present job when he quit / quitted the army. 他退伍后得到现在这份工作。 If I don t get a pay rise, I will quit.22. ahead of sth: (1) 在前面 (2) 比先进，领先 Directly ahead of us is the royal palace. 我们正前方就是皇宫。 She was always well ahead of the rest of the class. 她远远领先班级的其他人。23. at this point: 在这时，在这一点at that point: 在那时，在那一点 Do you have any questions at this point? At that point the road dips into a valley. 在那一点，那条路直向山谷伸展。24.All I had to do was go to school.主语部分含有实义动词do的适当形式，作表语的不定式常常省略to.What she wants to do is (to) go home and have a good rest.25. feel like sth: 摸起来像.；感觉像是feel like doing sth: 想要做feel like + 从句: 感觉好像 (like此时等于as if 或as though) This kind of cloth feels like silk. I dont feel like cooking, lets eat out. 我不想做饭，我们出去吃吧。 I feel like I am going to be sick. 我觉得我好想要病了。 If felt like a great weight had been lifted from us. 我们如释重负。26. Humans will have leant to fix many of the problems(1) will have done: 将会做过. (将来完成时)We will have taken 5 exams by next Friday.(2) fix / solve sth: 解决 fix a problem.27. company: n. U 陪伴，和他人在一起 keep sb company / accompany sb: 陪伴某人 enjoy ones company: 享受的陪伴；喜欢和在一起in company with sb: 和一起 Ill stay here and keep you company. 我留下来陪你。 I enjoy his company when I am have free time. 我闲时喜欢和他在一起。 Tom, in company with many others, feel this decision was wrong. 汤姆，还有许多人，都认为这个决定是错误的。知识点二：1. devote vt. 投入于，献身 devote oneself to = be devoted to 致力于，献身于；专心于；忠诚于，热爱Devoted (= Devoting himself) to his research, he spared no time to spend with his family.致力于研究，他抽不出时间来陪家人。 devote ones life / energy / attention / time to 把生命/精力/注意力/时间用于（献给）He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind. 他为全人类的利益献出了自己的一生。I could only devote half an hour a day to my English study. 我一天只能花半小时学英语。2. accomplish vt. 完成（任务等）；实现（计划等）；达到（目的）He can accomplish more work in a day than any other boy in his class. 他一天所完成的作业比他班上其他的孩子都多。I will accomplish my purpose at any cost. 无论花任何代价我决心要达到我的目的。3. adapt vt. 使适应，使适合；改写，改编 vi. 适应各种不同情况和环境 adapt oneself / sth to 使适应或习惯于某事Can you adapt yourself to the new job? 你能适应这份新工作吗？We must adapt our thinking to the new conditions. 我们必须使自己的思维适应新的情况。 adapt sth into sth 把 改写 / 改编成They want to adapt my story into a movie. 他们要把我的故事改编成电影。 be adapted from 根据 改写 / 改编 The movie was adapted from a novel. 这部电影是由小说改编的。 be adapted for 为 改编 /