四六级写作义.doc

基础模板题型：一枝独秀 模板1：（仅仅只做参考及明确每句话结构，具体看强化段） 第一段：描述情景：1.It is beyond reproach that _(先肯定对立面)2.However, sb may go too far to_do sth_第二段：产生结果、影响1.It is not unusual to witness that _+现象。2.whats more/consequently+现象升级或者一点。Therefore/thus, it is high time that we took actions to _第三段：提出自己意见和建议1.In my opinion/ as far as i can see/from my view/to my heart,2.on one hand_,on the other hand_。3.I cling to the belief that only through these ways can we_/only when_,can they/he/she/we/you_总结陈述总体观点。模板2第一段：细细描述现象1.Nowadays/recently,_。2.Thus/as a result,_ 3.And whats worse_第二段：解释原因1.There are various reasons accounting/responsible for_。2.For one thing,_。3.For another_In addition to_第三段：我的想法1.As far as I am concerned,_。2.On one hand_,On the other hand_3.In a word_ 花开两朵模板第一段：论述一些人的一些想法1.During recent years,_话题_has aroused widely/considerably public attention.2.Undoubtedly ，people hold the opinion that _一方面_,for _ has occupied an important position in ones mind/To some extent, the _ has been a unique culture symbol of _第二段：阐述另一方观点1.But during recent years , some people put forward the opinion that _同第一段相反观点/However ,some people believe/ view that _相反的观点_2.They complain that _,besides_/They complain that _,for one thing_,for another_ .in addition_对其极其不满时使用3.According to a resent survey conducted by XXX, _,which _第三段：观点输出1.In my opinion/as for me / as far as I am concerned / from my view,_观点陈述2.On one hand, and on the other hand。The reason lies in the fact that _.Moreover / whats more_3.I hope /expect/cling to see_愿景_写作原则及主题词汇所有原则：经济原则（金钱原则）时间原则（效率原则）健康原则教育原则情感原则环保原则心理原则权利原则道德原则文化原则常用原则及相关词汇经济原则（金钱原则）好的方面：economize v.节约、节省、有效地利用precious adj.宝贵的、贵重的valuable adj.贵重的、有价值的profitable adj.赚钱的hard-earned money 辛苦挣来的钱consumer 消费者 necessity n.必要性、必需品 consumption n.消费 不好方面：throw money into thin air 浪费 money-consuming 浪费 luxurious/extravagant adj.奢侈的、豪华的economic difficulty 经济困难 poverty 贫穷 poverty line n.贫困线、贫穷线 insufficient adj.不足的、不够的 shortage/lack n.缺乏、不足 tight budget 资金/预算紧张 financial strain 资金紧张 financial aid 经济资助 financial burden 经济负担练习：保护动物需要花费大量的公共资金，对于发展中国家而言，是个沉重的经济负担。（endangered species, economic burden)举办奥运会能增加国家收入，创造更多的就业机会。时间原则（效率原则）1浪费，占用时间 wile away the time 消磨时间 time-consuming 消耗时间 precious adj.宝贵的 occupy/take up vt. 占用 mess around 浪费时间网络有时对于大学生来说也是不好的，因为它耗费了我们太对宝贵时间（internet ，occupy，precious）2.上瘾，沉迷 addictive adj. 上瘾的 be addicted to 上瘾 resist the temptation 抵挡住诱惑 abandon oneself to v.沉溺于 be obsessed with 沉迷于 电脑游戏太诱人了，以至于许多孩子沉迷于其中不能自拔。(abandon oneself to)3.自控，节制 self-control 自控 self-discipline 自律 immature adj.不成熟的4.学习，逃课 academic performance 学习表现 misleading adj.易误解的 efficiency adj.效率 skip classes n.逃课 productivity n.生产力为了兼职赚钱，有些学生甚至逃课，严重影响学业。(skip classes, academic, performance)健康原则1.有害的，致病的不良习惯 addictive adj.上瘾的 cancer-causing 致癌 high fat and calorie 高脂肪和高热量 junk food 垃圾食品 noxious adj.有害的 psychological pressure 心理压力 oily food 油腻食物 2健康，良好的生活方式 jog n.慢跑 balanced diet 平衡饮食 energetic adj.精力充沛的、积极的 vigorous adj.精力旺盛的、健壮的 keep a healthy habbit 保持健康生活习惯我们应该抛弃一些不良的生活习惯，如烟酒过度、暴饮暴食等。(do away with, excessive drinking and smoking，overeating）教育原则1.创新、个性化发展 individuality n.个性、个人的特性 instructive adj.有意义的 imagination n.想象力 innovate v.创新 observation n.观察 passion n.激情2.知识、能力、观点quality education 素质教育 survival ability 生存能力 a learned person 知识渊博的人 master v.掌握 computer literacy 电脑知识 perspective n.观点、看法 thinking pattern 思维模式参观博物馆和展览馆将开阔个人视野，增长知识，激发个人兴趣。（widen ones horizon， enrich ones knowledge) 环保原则1.垃圾，废物 rubbish n.垃圾、废物 garbage n.垃圾、废物 junk/trash n.垃圾 waste gas 废气2.生态，环保 convenient adj.便利的、方便的 accessible adj.易接近的、可到达的 ecological system 生态系统 circumstance n.环境 endangered species 濒临灭绝得物种 recyclable adj.可循环的 surroundings n.环境 survival n.生存 habitat n.动物栖息地 vegetation n.植被 optimize the environment 优化环境 wild animals 野生动物 preserve v.保护，保存 wildlife n 野生动植物3. 生态灾难，恶果 be exhausted 被耗尽 exhaust vt. 用尽，排气 spoil vt. 损坏 v.扰乱 illegal adj. 违法的，不合规定的 traffic jam 交通阻塞 vicious circle n. 恶性循环强化讲义一、写作之建立框架篇高分作文经典得分表达总结：观点一，二，三：（加三分）1.第一：In the first placeFirst and foremost 首要的To begin with分析原因时：the most important factor to be considered is + 名词 / ( + that + 句子)谈论关注的要点时：Close attention should be paid to + the issue / phenomenon名词 / ( + that + 句子)例：首要考虑的最重要的问题是政府应该紧密关注房价问题！The most important factor to be considered is that Government is supposed to pay closer attention to housing price！FOR 高端人群改造：the most important factor to be considered is + 名词（that + 句子）成品：The most vital element to be taken into account is +名词 （that + 句子）例：对于中国来说，教育是立国之本As for China, the most vital element to be taken into account is to develop our education.第二：In the second placeFurthermore谈论对象原因：it is also of significance to take + 名词 + into consideration.It is also of significance to take into consideration the fact that + 句子例：加强我们保护自身权益的意识也是我们必须要重要考虑的It is also of significance to take into consideration the fact that enhancing our consciousness for our rights and interests.第三：In addition谈论关注对象或者原因时：Besides what is mentioned above, its necessary to think about例：此外，旅客们超量携带的行李要额外付费Additionally, The passengers have to pay additional charges for their extra luggages.词汇补充：附加税Additional tax补充规定Additional regulation词汇补充：3. 加班车Extra bus4. 额外损失Extra loss例：除了以上所提到的，我们还很有必要考虑的是加强我们国家的自主创新能力。Besides what is mentioned above, its necessary to think about that strengthening independent innovation of our country.FOR 高端人群改造：besides what is mentioned above, its necessary to think about 成品：In addition to what is referred above, its essential to concentrate on that 注意：（1）既要防止堆砌一堆，又要巧妙偷偷堆砌一点 （2）将你的亮点句型安插在各个段落最显眼的位置二、写作之连接词篇高分作文经典得分表达总结：一方面又一方面（1）For one thing ; for another例：犀利哥一方面很帅，另一方面很有型For one thing, XiLi brother is quite handsome; for another thing, he is awfully stylish.（2）On the one hand ; on the other hand例：一方面凤姐很自信，另一方面她实在是丑的不能看了On the one hand, Feng sister is surprisingly confident; on the other hand, human being will die out if we see her face twice.得分结构装换：Feng sister is astonishingly confident on the one hand; human being will die out if we see her face twice on the other (hand)转折：But ; however 扩展：butt 臀部，笑柄，烟头 例：他是他们嘲笑的对象 He was the butt of their jokes. 她把烟头扔进烟灰缸 She threw the cigarette butt into the ashtray.whereas (代替but)例：有些人赞扬他，但是有些人谴责他 Some praise him, whereas others condemn him.nonetheless, (代替however)例：但是，中国并不满足于已有的成就 Nonetheless, China cannot remain satisfied with the achievements it has already made.nevertheless例：很小却致命的错误 a small, nevertheless fatal error.nevertheless例：然而，企业仍然雇佣猎头公司 Nevertheless, organizations still use the headhunters.所以 it follows that 由此可见例：由此可见， 各种酸对金属都有腐蚀作用 it follows that acids eat in metals.由此自然而然可见 it naturally follows that 例：如果今天是5月14日星期三，由此自然而然可见明天就一定是15日星期四。 if today is Wednesday 14 May, it naturally follows that tomorrow is Thursday 15.Thus, it can be seen that.例：所以，可见你是错的 Thus, it can be seen that your assertion is false.consequently例：她是个聪明好学的学生，因此学习成绩很好 She was a bright and eager student and, consequently, did well in school.总而言之： In a / one word In general In a / one word In general in conclusion to conclude扩展 include inclusion inclusive Exclude exclusion exclusive Conclude conclusion conclusive 三、写作表达要害：转换思维翻译：中华文明很璀璨Chinese civilization is resplendent.China has the longest history of more than 5000 years.词汇补充：Resplendent华丽灿烂的，辉煌的Splendid壮丽的，辉煌的风流倜傥：Attractive and romantic丘壑遍布：Mountainous滚滚红尘：Materials and pleasures千姿百态：Various and colorful下流无耻：Dirty and disgusting为非作歹：Commit crimes and act against morals不三不四：abnormal and meaningless 美化校园，净化空气Beautify our campus and purify the airMake the school more beautiful and the air cleaner and fresher四、写作之拓展长句篇大部分学生相信，业余工作可以使他有更多的机会发展他们的人际交往能力，这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的普通版：Most of students believe that part-time job can provide them with more opportunities to develop their communication ability, which is good for them to look for jobs润色版：The majority of students hold the view that the part- time job can offer them opportunities to better interpersonal skills, which is beneficial to their job-hunting in the future.加工润色的五大方式1.转换词性2.引导词3.插入语4.写从句5.转换句式You are very handsome!Amazingly/ surprisingly / astonishingly / unbelievably / incredibly / remarkably /The movie is so good！Fantastic / impressive / admiring/ superb / amazing / stunning / spectacular / splendid / resplendent / remarkable / extraordinary / 技巧一：善用万用副词的胶水功能！Obviously / apparently / evidently / certainly / definitely / absolutelyApparently, you are unbelievably gorgeous!Definitely, the movie is extraordinarily spectacular!技巧二:装换句式，善用“its adj that”！Evidently, its unquestionable that part-time job is extremely beneficial for our interpersonal skill.Evidently, its unquestionable that part-time job is extremely beneficial for our interpersonal skill.2.引导词随着科学技术的发展：With the development of science and technology随着工业商业的发展：Along with the advancement of industry and commerce随着工业化商业化的发展：Along with the advancement of industrialization and commercialization毫无疑问来说There is no doubt in saying that 说一点也不夸张There is no exaggeration in saying that 难怪There is no wonder that 总所周知的 / 被普遍广泛认为的It is known to us all thatIts widely believed that Its commonly agreed thatIts universally acknowledged that 说一点也不过分Its not too much to say that随着工业化和商业化的发展，全球变暖问题日益浮现出来，并成为人们关注的焦点Along with the advancement of industrialization and commercialization, its universally acknowledged that the global warming, which is increasingly emerging out of the horizon, is paid closer attention to constantly by the people around the world. 3.插入语To a certain extentTo some degreeTo a large degreeTo a larger degreeIn one way or anotherFor one reason or anotherDirectly or indirectlyAs a matter of factPut it in another way = In other words总结：插入语的位置：助情系be后，实意动词前4.写从句（一）原因状语从句becausebecause ofbecause of that完全、纯粹的客观显然是没有的。正因为如此，我们 更应该学会辩证地判断问题。Obviously, there is not complete, pure objectivity, because of that, we are supposed to judge the problem from an dialectic angle.Because of that there is, obviously, not complete, pure objectivity, we are supposed to judge the problem from an dialectic angle.In that他的要求是不合理的, 因为他知道我们负担不起His request is unreasonable in that he knows we cant afford it.Primarily owing to that主要因为Partly / partially owing to that部分因为毫不夸张来说，电脑以某种方式直接或者间接影响了我们的生活，主要是因为它提高了我们工作学习的效率，次要是因为它给我们提供了有效的资源There is no exaggeration in saying that computer, directly or indirectly, in one way or another, influences our life, primarily owing to that computer has been bettering the efficiency of our work and study, partially owing to that internet offer us sufficient resources.（二）条件状语从句on condition that如果，在条件下，只要以为条件例：只要人人都献出一片爱，世界将变得更美好 The world will be better on condition that everybody dedicate our love.only if只有（在的条件下）例：持久的和平将在这个地区建立起来，只要双方能接受这个协议 A lasting peace will be established in this region, only if both sides accept the agreement.扩展：only if 和 if only 的区别Only if 只有，只要If only 要是就好了例：如果我要是只鸟就好了 If only I were a bird. 如果他当时在这儿就好了 If only he had been here.例：只有当该公司获得足够的资助，它才会成功。 the company will succeed only if it has sufficient backing. 倒转句型： Only if it has sufficient backing will the company succeed.例：持久的和平将在这个地区建立起来，只要双方能接受这个协议 A lasting peace will be established in this region, only if both sides accept the agreement. 倒转句型：Only if both sides accept the agreement, will a lasting peace be established in this region.Only 引导的倒转句在文中位置given that 鉴于，考虑到，如果例：鉴于他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经不错了 Given that they are inexperienced, they have done a good job.例：如果他能得到另一个机会，他一定会成功 Given that he can get another chance, he will surely succeed.in the event that 如果，在条件下例：只有拿到两千美元的抵押贷款，我才买得起那栋房子。 I can buy the house in the event that the mortgage for 2000 dollars is available.5.转换句式（一）强调句强调句的两种基本形式：（1）强调谓语 do, did, does他确实爱我！He does love you！（2）强调主，宾，状，强调句型昨晚他给我一本书。谓：He did give me a book yesterday.主：It was he who gave me a book yesterday.定：it was a bo