英文常用事例.doc

常用事例1、 Honesty： （1）Washington and the Cherry TreeWhen George was about six years old, he was made the wealthy master of a hatchet of which, like most little boys, he was extremely fond. He went about chopping everything that came his way.One day, as he wandered about the garden amusing himself by hacking his mothers pea sticks, he found a beautiful, young English cherry tree, of which his father was most proud. He tried the edge of his hatchet on the trunk of the tree and barked it so that it died.Some time after this, his father discovered what had happened to his favorite tree. He came into the house in great anger, and demanded to know who the mischievous person was who had cut away the bark. Nobody could tell him anything about it.Just then George, with his little hatchet, came into the room.George, said his father, do you know who has killed my beautiful little cherry tree yonder in the garden? I would not have taken five guineas for it!This was a hard question to answer, and for a moment George was staggered by it, but quickly recovering himself he cried:I cannot tell a lie, father, you know I cannot tell a lie! I did cut it with my little hatchet.The anger died out of his fathers face, and taking the boy tenderly in his arms, he said:My son, that you should not be afraid to tell the truth is more to me than a thousand trees! Yes - though they were blossomed with silver and had leaves of the purest gold!(2) The Boy Who Cried Wolf/ The Wolf Is Coming 狼来了A shepherd-boy, who watched a flock of sheep near a village, brought out the villagers three or four times by crying out, Wolf! Wolf! and when his neighbors came to help him, laughed at them for their pains. The Wolf, however, did truly come at last. The Shepherd-boy, now really alarmed, shouted in an agony of terror: Pray, do come and help me; the Wolf is killing the sheep; but no one paid any heed to his cries, nor rendered any assistance. The Wolf, having no cause of fear, at his leisure lacerated or destroyed the whole flock. 2、Persistence/ Confidence/ Optimism/Hope: Robert Bruce and the SpiderThere was once a king of Scotland whose name was Robert Bruce. The king of England was at war with him and had led a great army into Scotland to conquer the land and the people. Bruce fought the enemy most bravely. Six times he led his brave little army against his enemy; and six times his men were defeated. At last he was forced to hide himself in the mountains. One day, feeling tired and sick at heart, he lay on the ground under a farmhouse. He was ready to give up all hope for it seemed to him that it was no use fighting any longer. As he lay thinking, he saw a spider over his head, getting ready to weave her web. He watched her as she worked slowly and with great care. Six times she tried to throw her thread from one beam to another, and six times she failed. Poor thing! said Bruce. You, too know what it is to fail. But the spider did not lose hope. With still more care, she made ready to try for the seventh time. Bruce almost forgot his own troubles as he watched her struggling with the thin thread. Would she fail again? No! The thread was carried safely to the beam. I, too, will try a seventh time! cried Bruce. Inspired by the spirit of the spider, Brucecalled his men together and made careful plans Soon another battle was fought.This timethe king of England was beatenand driven out of Scotland.罗伯特布鲁斯的故事：古代苏格兰有个国王名叫罗伯特布鲁斯。在他统治苏格兰期间，英格兰国王正向他发起了战争，带着强悍的军队入侵苏格兰，企图占领他的土地、臣服他的国民。布鲁斯和敌人的战争一场接一场地打响。可是他领导的失误以及其他各方面的原因布鲁斯六次率领军队与敌人作战均以失败告终。最后，他的的信心溃散了，他的军队也溃散了，他被迫躲进了一间废弃的茅屋里。一个雨天，他又疲倦又伤心，已准备放弃所有的希望，对他来说，仿佛任何努力都是徒劳。当他正带着失望与悲哀躺在柴草床上的时候，他看见一只蜘蛛正在结网，为了取乐自己并看蜘蛛如果对付挫折，国王毁坏了它将要完成的网。蜘蛛并不注意它的灾害，反而继续工作，打算再结一个新网。苏格兰国王又把它的网破坏了，蜘蛛又开始结另一个网。布鲁斯惊奇了。他自语道：“我被英格兰打败了六次，我已经准备放弃战争了。假使我把蜘蛛的网破坏六次，它是否也会放弃它的结网工作呢？”他毁坏了蜘蛛的网六次。但蜘蛛对这些灾难毫不介意，并没有因为六次失败而放弃，它更加小心翼翼地进行第七次的努力，终于它成功了。“我也要去试第七次!”布鲁斯叫了起来。他被这只蜘蛛感动了，他鼓起了勇气，召集一支新的军队，并把这鼓舞人心的故事传颂给那些已失去信心的臣民。决意再做一次奋斗，从英格兰人的手里解放他的国家，它很谨慎而耐心地做着准备，终于打了一次重要的胜仗，把英格兰人赶出了苏格兰国土。另外，持之以恒、勤能补拙也能用“The Tortoise and the Hare”(龟兔赛跑)来说明。3. Modesty: NewtonIsaac Newton is often regarded as the most influential scientist in history and the founder of modern physics. However, he is quite modest“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.”被人们称颂为“力学之父”的牛顿发现了万有引力定律，在热学上，他确定了冷却定律。在数学上，他提出了“流数法”，建立了二项定理和莱布尼兹几乎同时创立了微积分学，开辟了数学上的一个新纪元。他是一位有多方面成就的伟大科学家，然而他非常谦逊。对于自己的成功，他谦虚地说：“如果我见的比笛卡尔要远一点，那是因为我站在巨人的肩上的缘故。”他还对人说：“我只像一个海滨玩耍的小孩子，有时很高兴地拾着一颗光滑美丽的石子儿，真理的大海还是没有发现。” 4. Philanthropy/Love: Mother Teresa/ Florence Nightingale （1）Mother Teresa （19101997）特蕾莎修女Mother Teresa devoted the majority of her life to helping the poorest of the poor in India, thus gaining her the name Saint of the Gutters. The devotion towards the poor won her respect throughout the world and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. She founded an order of nuns called the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India dedicated to serving the poor. Almost 50 years later, the Missionaries of Charity have grown from 12 sisters in India to over 3,000 in 517 missions throughout 100 countries worldwide. (2) Nightingale：南丁格尔International Nurses Day is celebrated around the world every May 12, the anniversary of Florence Nightingales birth. Florence Nightingale, who came to be known as The Lady with the Lamp, was a pioneer of modern nursing, a writer and a noted statistician.Florence Nightingale Famous for her work in the military hospitals of the Crimea, Nightingale established nursing as a respectable profession for women.Florence Nightingale was born on 12 May 1820, and named after the city of her birth. Her wealthy parents were in Florence as part of a tour of Europe. In 1837, Nightingale felt that God was calling her to do some work but wasnt sure what that work should be. She began to develop an interest in nursing, but her parents continued it to be a profession inappropriate to a woman of her class and background, and would not allow her to train as a nurse. They expected her to make a good marriage and live a conventional upper class womans life. Nightingales parents eventually relented and in 1851, she went to Kaiserwerth in Germany for three months nursing training. This enabled her to become superintendent of a hospital for gentlewomen in Harley Street, in 1853. The following year, the Crimean War began and soon reports in the newspapers were describing the desperate lack of proper medical facilities for wounded British soldiers at the front. Sidney Herbert, the war minister, already knew Nightingale, and asked her to oversee a team of nurses in the military hospitals in Turkey. In November 1854, she arrived in Scutari in Turkey. With her nurses, she greatly improved the conditions and substantially reduced the mortality rateShe returned to England in 1856. In 1860 she established the Nightingale Training School for nurses at St Thomas Hospital in London. Once the nurses were trained, they were sent to hospitals all over Britain, where they introduced the ideas they had learnt, and established nursing training on the Nightingale model. Nightingales theories, published in Notes on Nursing (1860), were hugely influential and her concerns for sanitation, military health and hospital planning established practices which are still in existence today. She died on 13 August 1910.5. Cooperation: The Apollo 11 mission was the first human spaceflight to land on the Moon. As Neil Armstrong declared on the surface of the moon, it is indeed “one small step for a man, a