英语(一)学习指南.doc

英语(一)学习指南I. Match the words in column A with the definitions in column B.（请将A栏的单词和B栏的意思配对）(1) Column A Column B （ c）1. postponeA. look closely or carefully 凝视 （ h ）2. destinationB. take out things from a suitcase卸下 （ g）3. absolutelyC. delay, put off 延期 （ a ）4. peerD. material, matter 事件 （ d）5. stuffE. difficult; strong 强壮的 （ b ）6. unpackF. have difficulty in breathing, swallowing or speaking说不出话来 （f ）7. choke G. definitely and completely绝对的 （e ）8. tough H. the place to which one is going or directed目的地(2)Column A Column B （ e ）1. sufficientA. make (ideas, feelings, etc. ) known to another 运输 （ f）2. yield B. give pleasure招待 （ g）3. proposeC. as a result因此 （ d ）4. tendD. be likely to happen照管 （ b ）5 entertainE. as much as is needed, enough足够的 （ c）6. hence F. reveal; produce or provide屈服，放弃 （ h ）7. contactG. put forward for consideration; suggest建议 （ a ）8. conveyH. get in touch with使接触(3)Column A Column B （ d ）1. straightenA. to or in another country在海外 （ g ）2. previous B. support emotionally; keep (an effort, etc.) going, maintain支持 （ a ）3. overseasC. fine, well-formed, soft, tender精美的 （ f ）4. fertile D. (cause to) become straight or level直地 （ b）5. sustainE. push suddenly or with great strength猛然的，用力推 （ h ）6. Slim F. (of land) able to produce good crops富饶的，肥沃的 （ c ）7. delicateG. happening or coming before or earlier在以前 （ e ）8. thrust H. slender, small 微小的，苗条的 (4)Column A Column B( f ) 1. comprehend a. ability, power; the amount that something can hold or produce能力，容量( e) 2. instrument b. to complete an educational course.毕业的（生）( a ) 3. capacity c. suppose, to take as a fact or as true without proof;承担( h) 4. determine d. exact in form, detail, measurements, time, etc.精确地，明确地( g ) 5. discard e. an object used to help in work手段，仪器( b ) 6. graduate f. to understand fully理解( c ) 7. assume g. to get rid of as useless 抛弃，放弃( d ) 8. precise h. to cause to form firm intention in ones mind使下决心，使作出决定II. Fill in the blanks with the given words, change the form if necessary. （请用括号里的单词的正确形式填空）..1.The company sends a _ representative to New York. (represent)2.Everything stood _ motionlessbathed in bright, metallic light. (motion)3.A healthy person offers more _ resistance _to disease than a weak person. (resist)4.Professor Li spent all weekend grading the students essay and returned the _. graded _ paper yesterday afternoon. (grade)5.We will order tea for twelve people on the _ assumption that all twelve people will come. (assure)6.The baby was born with a problem with its heart and only survived for a few hours. (survival) 7.The Indians were the _ original inhabitants of North America. (origin) 8.There is a lot of _ evidence _ that stress is partly responsible for disease. (evident) 9. The manager made an unfair judgment of his new secretarys character. (judge)10.Aid agencies and the local government are judgment_ cooperatingto deliver supplies to the flooded area. (cooperation) 11.The student raised his hand, _ signaling to the teacher that he had finished his paper. (sign) 12.The explosion of the bomb threw the whole crowd into panic. (explode) 13.To her horror, she saw the boy fall from the ladder. (horrible) 14.The doctor checked his injury and prescribed some herbal medicine. (injure) 15.These cells are not visible to the human eye. (visual) 6.17.16.He became a millionaire overnight. Many people _ envied,_ him for his good luck. (envious)17Taking a part-time job would _ relieve you of the financial burden. (relief) 18.The population of the town expand rapidly in the 1960s. (expansion)19.The negotiation went on smoothly with the help of the skilled interpreters. (negotiate)20.Dont act like such an idiot use your intelligence _. (intelligent)III. Vocabulary and Structure (词汇与选择)Directions: Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence from the four choices given under each sentences. ( 选择正确的选项)..2.13.1.It is really hard for me to associate him _B_ cheating. A. and B. with C. for D. on2. We are not _C_ trouble when the factory opens again. A. anticipated B. anticipate C. anticipating D. anticipative3. The meeting was _C_ and many people dozed off.A. interesting B. funny C. tedious D. attractive4. The idea of becoming a writer had come to me _A_ since my childhood in Belleville A. off and on B. to and from C. over and over D. up and down5. When they came back from work, they _B_ their apartment clean and tidy. A. felt B. found C. looked D. heard6. I hated the assignment to _D_ long, lifeless paragraphs （that） were agony for teachers to read and for me to write. A. turn on B. turn around C. turn over D. turn out7. This medicine will _C_ you a good nights sleep A. make sure B. reassure C. ensure D. assure8. One often finds a writers books more _A_ if one knows about his life and the time when he was alive. A. comprehensible B. comprehensive C. comprehended D. comprehension9. Dont mention it to others, please. Its only _D_ ourselves. A. with B. in C. of D. between10. A survey of the Chinese diet has _ C _ that a growing number of children in cities are overweight. A. replaced B. released C. revealed D. relieve11. I dont know _C_ it was that answered the phone this morning.A. whyB. howC. whoD. that12. Id just do as soon as you _C_ the research yourself.A. doB. will doC. didD. would do13. As a woman of strong will, Gemma Composed herself _B_ when she heard the news of Arthurs death A. as she could bestB. as best she could C. best as she couldD. could best as she14. My doctor put me _C_ starvation diet, that is, he allowed me only tea and milk. A. withB. forC. on D. in15. Mr. Peel began a reply, but his wife _A_ with a remark again. A. cut inB. cut backC. cut offD. cut short16. Tibet, the second largest province of China, is _B_ in uranium and underground thermal power. A. wealthyB. abundantC. adequateD. sufficient17. Instead of studying hard at college, John was _C_ away his time. A. wanderingB. wastingC. idlingD. throwing18. What Im trying to do is to _B_ why my daughters condition had not improved. A. look forB. find outC. search forD. get in19. The doctor told him smoking too much would _A_ his health and even cause lung cancer. A. affectB. effectC. affirmD. effort20. In English, woman may _D_ “Eeek” when they are frightened by something.A. excelB. astonishC. light upD. exclaim21. Since everyone would like to find an apartment near the university, there are very few _B_ apartments in the area.A. freeB. vacantC. emptyD. blank22. Even at that early stage, the school felt that she _A_ a good chance of passing her exams.A. stoodB. gainedC. possessedD. took23. Her peculiar personality _B_ her unfortunate childhood.A. results inB. stems fromC. derives fromD. stands for24. I was trying to _B_ him _, but failed because he didnt fit into any type I knew.A. checkthroughB. sizeupC. pickoutD. notedown25. It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _A_ knowledge.A. extensiveB. expensiveC. intensiveD. expansive26. The ex-convict went to another pare of the country in an _D_ to lend a new and law-abiding life.A. endeavorB. tryC. striveD. attempt27. The proposal was _B_ as too radical by the committee.A. refusedB. rejectedC. declinedD. repelled28. I never trusted him because I always thought of him as such a _B_ character.A. graciousB. suspiciousC. uniqueD. particular29. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on _C_. A. consciousnessB. impulseC. instinctD. response30. _C_ a slight mistake, the answer is correct.A. ExceptB. BesidesC. Apart fromD. In addition to6.31.If you do not know this word, _B_in your dictionary.A. refer to itB. look it upC. consult itD. insult it32.You ought to postpone _D_here until next week, since the audience is so enthusiastic.A. leaveB. leftC. to leaveD. leaving33.The writers choice of words is simply a matter of _A_ style.A. personalB. privateC. personnelD. individual34.He took great _C_to please his boss.A. painB. effortC. painsD. efforts35.These are the basic rules of grammar, which you should learn _B_.A. by memoryB. by heartC. in mindD. for good36.I rely on you to remind me _C_Jack for the books he bought me.A. of payingB. of being paidC. to payD. to be paid37.I didnt mean _A_anything, but those apples looked so good I couldnt resist _.A. to eattryingB. to eatto tryC. eatingto tryD. eatingtrying38.Life is a candle _D_to burn ever brighter.A. being meantB. meaningC. to meanD. meant39.Since you have come so far with your experiment, you _D_carry it through to the end.A. mayB. mightC. may wellD. may as well40.The _C_ of his trip to Beijing was the visit to the Forbidden City (紫禁城).A. lightest partB. highest partC. highlightD. most highlightIV. Cloze （完形填空） The task of being acceptable and enrolled in a university begins early for some students. Long before they graduating from high school, these students take special courses to prepare for _1 study. They may also take one of more examinations that test how well 2 they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they complete applications and send them, with their student _3 , to the universities which they hope top attend. Some high school students may be 4 to have an interview with representatives of the university.5dressed, and usually very frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good _6 and the ability to succeed.When the new students are finally accepted, there may be one more step they have to take before registering for classes and getting to work. Many colleges and universities 7 an orientation program for new students. In these programs, the young people get to know the procedures for registration and student 8 university rules, the use of the library and all the other major services of the college or university. Beginning a new life in a new place can be very 9 The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier it will be for them to _10 to the new environment. However, it takes time to get used to college life.1. A. advancingB. advancedC. progressedD. progressing2. A. educatedB. studiedC. preparedD. ready3. A. recordsB. numberC. booksD. scores4. A. forcedB. invitedC. remindedD. required5. A. NeatlyB. NeatC. TidyD. Tidily6. A. hopeB. educationC. attitudeD. application7. A. displayB. offerC. affordD. make8. A. advisingB. advisesC. advisedD. advise9. A. confusionB. confusingC. confusedD. confuse10. A. adaptB. adoptC. aptD. adjustHow many different kings of emotions do you feel? You may be surprised to find that it is very hard to 11_ all of them. Not only are emotional feelings hard to describe in words, they are difficult to list. As a result, two people 12_ agree on all of them. However, there are a number of 13_emotions that most people experience. When we received something that we want or something happens that we like, we usually feel joy or happiness. Joy is a 14_ and powerful emotion, one for which we all 15_ . It is natural to want to be happy, and all of us search for happiness. As a general rule, joy 16_when we reach a desired goal or obtain a desired object.Since people often desire different goals and objects, it is 17_ that one person may find joy in repairing a(n) 18_, while another may find joy in solving a math problem. Of course, we often share common goals or interests, and therefore we can experience joy together. This may be in sports, in the arts, in learning, in raising a family, or in just being together. When we have difficulty in obtaining desired objects or reaching desired goals we experience negative emotions such as anger and 19_ . when little things get in our way, we experience minor frustration or tensions. For example, if you are dressing to go out on a date, you might feel frustration when a zipper breaks or a button falls off. The more difficulty you have in reaching a goal, the more 20_ you may feel and the angrier you may become. If you really want something to happen, and you feel it should happen, but someone or something stops it, you may become quite angry.11. A. separate B. specifyC. locateD. divide12. A. normallyB. oftenC. rarelyD. never13. A. essentialB. importantC. specialD. minor14. A. active B. favoriteC. positiveD. negative15. A. want B. desireC. pursueD. strive16. A. obtains B. occursC. feelsD. acquires17. A. understandable B. excusableC. believingD. receiving18. A. essay B. ActC. automobileD. experience19. A. sadB. griefC. anxiousD. joy20. A. sadB. indifferentC. pleasureD. frustratedIn Britain, the old Road traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m. p. h. (miles per hour) in towns and 4 m. p. h. in the country. Later parliament 21_ the speed limit to 14 m. p. h. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it 22_to raise the limit to 20 m. p. h. by 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding 23_ were done away with together. For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever 24_ they liked. Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m.p.h. speed limit in 25_ areas, along with the introduction of driving seats and 26_ crossings.Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain. Offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on 27_ road, exceeding on any road. A restricted road is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.The main controversy (争论) 28 speeding laws is the extent of their safety value. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when 30 m. p. h. limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties. There was a 28 percent 29_ in serious accidents. There were also fewer casualties (伤亡)in the year after the 70 m. p. h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limit should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to 30_ drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA.21 A. addedB. increasedC. roseD. aroused22. A. necessaryB. urgentC. importantD. law23. A. restrictB. restrictedC. restrictionsD. restricting24. A. milesB. speedsC. ratesD. way25. A. emptyB. spaciousC. built-upD. buildings26. A. pedestrianB. walkersC. peopleD. audience27. A. limitedB. refrainedC. restrictedD. requested28. A. atB. underC. inD. surrounding29. A. minusB. plusC. reductionD. addition30. A. experiencedB. carefulC. inexperiencedD. skillfulFor the past two years, I have been working on students 31_ of classroom teaching. I havekept a record of informal conversations 32_some 300 hundred students from at least twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally 33 and direct in their comments on how course work would be better 34_. Most of their remarks were kindly made with 35 rather than bitterness and 36_ were softened by the fact that the students were speaking about some, not all instructors. Nevertheless, as the 37_ suggestions and comments indicate, students feel dissatisfied with things-as-they-are in the classroom.Professors should be 38 from reading lecture notes. “It makes their voices monotonous.” If they are going to read, why not give out copies of the lecture? Then we wouldnt need to go to class. Professors should 39_ repeating in lectures materials that is in the textbook. “Once weve read the material, we want to discuss it or hear it 40_on, not repeated.” “A lot of students hate to buy a required text that the professor has written only to have his lectures repeat it.”31.A. descriptionB. evaluationC. expectationD. discussion32.A. involvingB. involvedC. includingD. included33.A. criticalB. harshC. niceD. frank34.A. explainedB. presentedC. printedD. sold35.A. toleranceB. resentmentC. frustrationD. disappointment36.A. finallyB. frequentlyC. continuouslyD. rarely37.A. aboveB. mentionedC. statedD. following38.A. forbiddenB. preventedC. discouragedD. prohibited39.A. continueB. keepC. notD. avoid40.A. elaboratedB. statedC.