大学英语精读1授课笔记unit1.doc

Unit 1average: （a.）ordinarymen of average ability能力普通的人(n.)平均数An average of 10 students were absent each day.“an average of + 复数名词”作主语，谓语用复数“the average of +复数名词”作主语，谓语用单数The average of these numbers is 50.necessarily(ad.): inevitably 必定地，必要地The old do not necessarily know more than the young. 未必，不一定(adj.)necessary必要的，必须的which has to be doneits necessary for sb. to do sth.某人有必要做某事，不能按汉语意思用“人“作主语its necessary + that 从句时，从句谓语用“should +动词原形”Its necessary that he (should)buy a dictionary.Suggest that sb (should) do sth.Suggest doing sth.His expression suggests that he is tired.(=indicate)case: actual condition实情Is it the case(=Is it true) that you have lost all your money?in case: （1）如果，万一（表示条件）； （2）以防，免得（表示目的）在此两种情况下，要表示将来通常用一般现在时而非一般将来时。Take an umbrella, in case it rains.In case he comes, let me know.In case of fire, ring the bell.万一，以防in the case of至于，就.来说in any case无论如何in no case决不additional(a.): added, extraaddition(n.) in addition to 除以外In addition to lending me his typewriter, he taught me how to use it.aside(adv.): to the side在旁边aside from除外= apart fromAside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.assignment (c. n.): sth given out as a task任务，工作He was sent abroad on a difficult assignment.执行任务(v.)assign指派某人作某事（可接双宾语，也可在直接宾语前用介词to）assign sb. sth. = assign sth. to sb.给某人分配某物The boss assigned him (to) an important task.(assign sb.(to)sth.)These rooms have been assigned to us. occupy: (1)占用，占据，充满（被占据的东西作其宾语）His books occupy a lot of space.Many cares and anxieties occupied his mind.（2）使忙于occupy oneself in doing sth( with sth.)/ be occupied in doing sth./ with sth.The newcomers were occupied in writing letters home.(adj.)occupied忙的（其前习惯上不用very 修饰，用fully, wholly, busily, solely）She is fully occupied with three small children.hobby:业余爱好(c.n.)(多指业余时间培养起来的并需一定专业只是积累的个人爱好，一般是健康的，有益的)Everyone should have a good hobby.My hobby is that I collect stamps.(false) collecting(to collect) stamps从逻辑上说，“我的爱好”应该是collecting stamps这件事情，而不是that I collect stamps（我集邮）这件事情。Solve a problem / difficultySolution to a problemaware: (1) 意识到 He wasnt aware of the danger.(be aware of)(2) 感觉到的， 知道的（表语形容词，要加强语气，通常用well, fully, very much, much等修饰，但不用very）Im well aware that few jobs are available.我很清楚工作职位很少。系表结构：系动词后面的成分系动词：(1)be, (2)look, sound, taste, smell, feel, get, turn, become, seem + mit: (1) assign to a specific purpose指定His time is fully committed.(2) Perform a crime, foolish act使承担义务，犯罪commit a crime/ a mistake / an error / suicideenable sb. to do : make sb. able to do使某人做某事Airplanes enable people to travel great distance rapidly.adequate: enough指数量或质量达到一般要求，强调没有多余。一般不用于比较级His wages are adequate to support his family.Adequate后接介词：表示“足够”时，多用“for”；表示“胜任的, 适当的”时，多用“to”，有时两个介词可混用，但除此以外，一般不用其他介词。I hope youll prove adequate to the job.content:(n.)容量，内容， “目录”（pl.）Please look at the contents page before reading.(a.) 满意的be content withAre you content with your present salary?Content作形容词，只作表语，不作定语，如作定语用contentedHe took it away with a contented smile.the latterthe formerdouble: (vt.)twice as much, large etc.翻番The price of vegetables has doubled because of bad weather.(a.) 双倍的，双重的a double track双轨 a double-faced man伪君子a double character双重性格His joke made us double up(弯腰) with laughter.mention(vt.): 提及，提到Did he mention the accident?mention sth. to sb.He never mentioned his girlfriend to me.(He never mentioned to me that he had a girlfriend.)mention + V-ing./ n.Whenever I mention playing football, he says hes too busy.not to mention更不用说， not to say虽不能说purpose: (c.n.)目的the purpose of doing sth. His purpose in coming here is to see his wife.His purpose in coming here with the purpose of seeing his wife.ones purpose in doing sthHis purpose in coming here is to see his wife.on purpose: deliberately故意地I came here for nothing else but to see you on purpose.for (the) purpose of = for the sake of为了Di