数控维修专业英语复习资料 (2).doc

Unit 1 MECHATRONICSl Section I Dialogue- Could you tell me something about “mechatronics” ,mektrniks？-你能告诉我一些关于“机电一体化”的东西吗?-Sure. Mechatronics is a term for the integration ,intirein of mechanical miknikl and electronic engineering ,endiniri.-当然可以。机电一体化是一个综合了机械和电子工程的术语。- It sounds like a new concept knsept.-这听起来像是一个新概念。-I dont think so. In fact, mechatronics was coined by the Japanese 40 years ago and has been widely used in the world for many years. And mechatronic devices divais have become common on our society.-我不这么认为。事实上, 日本40年前提出机电一体化的概念,并且已经在世界范围内广泛使用多年。在我们的社会，机电设备变的很普遍。-You mean mechatronic devices have crept into our everyday life?-你的意思是机电一体化设备已经悄悄进入我们的日常生活？-Right. Dont you notice that the devices such as photocopiers ,futukpi，computer disk drives, robots rubt and clothes dryers being used in our daily deili life?-对的。你没注意到在我们的日常生活中，复印机、计算机磁盘驱动器、机器人和衣服烘干机这些设备的使用吗?-Ive got it. I didnt know they were mechatronic devices before.我明白了，我以前并不知道他们是机电设备。l Section II ReadingGetting a Hold on Mechatronics 了解机电一体化Mechatronics is a blend blend of mechanics mikniks and electronics.机电一体化是机械学和电子学的结合。It has come to mean the synergistic ,sindistik use of mechanical engineering, control theoryiri, computer science, and sensor and actuator ktjueit technology to design improved products and processes pruses.意味着机械工程、控制理论、计算机科学、传感器和执行机构技术的综合应用，以设计出更好的产品和工艺。The standard stndd clothes dryer is typically tipikli controlled by a mechanical timer.标准控制干衣机是典型的通过机械定时器控制。The user adjusts the timer according to the size and dampness of the load.用户根据负荷的大小和湿度调整定时器。If the timing device is not set properly prpli, the drying cycle may be too short and the laundry l:ndri may come out wet, or the machine could run long and waste energy endi.如果计时装置设置不合适，干燥周期可能太短，洗出来的衣服是潮湿的，或机器可能运行长，浪费能源。A clothes dryer, however, might be fitted with a sensor-based feedback system that lets the machine measure the moisture mist content kntent of the fabrics fbrik or the exhaust iz:st air, and turn itself off when the load is dry.然而,一个干衣机可能装有基于传感器的反馈系统,让这台机器测量衣物或排气含水率,然后当衣物干燥时自动关闭。Operating performance pf:mns is enhanced and energy use is lowered as a result.因此，操作性能提高并且能源使用降低。The redesigned ,ri:dizain dryer might even be cheaper to buy, depending on the cost of the components kmpunnt that comprise kmpraiz the electromechanical i,lektrumiknikl control system.重新设计的干衣机甚至可能更便宜,这取决于包含机电控制系统组成的成本。l Section III Words and Expressionsdialogue n. 对话 vi. 对话di- 二次、二倍（bi-）log- 言词 论述mechanic miknik n.技工 机械式mechanical miknikl adj. 机械的；力学的；呆板的；无意识的；手工操作的 engineermechatronics ,mektrniksn. 机电一体化；机械电子学electromechanical i,lektrumiknikl adj. 电机 电动机械的，机 机电的 电机学的electron ilektrn n. 电子electronic ,ilektrnik adj. 电子的electronics ,ilektrniks n. 电子学；电子工业electronical i,lektrnikl adj. 电子的term t:m n. 术语；学期；期限；条款integration ,intirein n. 集成；综合 integrate intireit vt. 使完整；使成整体engineering ,endiniri n. 工程，工程学 engineer ,endini n. 工程师coin kin n. 硬币，钱币 vt. 铸造（货币）；杜撰，创造devices n. 设备；装置；器件（device的复数）photocopier ,futukpi n. 影印机；复印机robot rubt, -bt, rbtn. 机器人；遥控设备，自动机械；机械般工作的人robotics rubtiks n. 机器人学（robotic的复数）synergistic ,sindistik adj. 协同的；协作的 syn- sin pref. 类似；连；同时；相同actuator ktjueit n. 自 执行机构；激励者；促动器actuate ktjueit, -tu- vt. 开动（机器等）；促使，驱使；激励（人等）act 行动 行为dampness dmpnis n. 潮湿；湿气 damp dmp n. 潮湿，湿气 adj. 潮湿的 vt. 使潮湿vi.变潮湿moisture mistn. 水分；湿度；潮湿；降雨量moist mist n. 潮湿 adj. 潮湿的；多雨的；含泪的Unit 2 SENSORSl Section I DialogueJ: May I ask you some questions about sensors?M: Sure.Go ahead, please.J: What is a sensor?M: As far as I know, a sensor is a device for discovering the presence prezns of a small amount of light, heat, sound, etc etsetr.据我所知, 传感器是一种可以发现少量的光、热、声音等存在的装置。J: How does it work?M: It usually converts knv:t what it discovers to an electrical ilektrikl signal.它通常将它的发现转换为一个电信号。J: It is said that there are many types of sensors available today. But how to select a right sensor?据说, 现在有很多类型的感应器。但如何选择一个正确的传感器?M: You need to know the type of motion mun, precision prisin of motion, magnitude mnitju:d of motion and operating conditionskndin.你需要知道运动的类型，运动的精度，运动的量级和操作环境。J: Thank you for so much information. Ive really learned a lot from your words.谢谢你这么多的信息。我从你的话里真的学到很多。M: Thats my pleasure.l Section II ReadingApplication ,plikein of Sensors传感器的应用Look at the following pictures and try to understand the application of sensors.看看下面的图片,并尝试了解传感器的应用。Industrial indstril Sensorsindustry 工业 产业工业传感器ICBC(Industrial and Commercial Bank of China)Proximityprksimiti接近-Mechanical-机械的-Optical ptikladj. 光学的；眼睛的，视觉的-光学的-Inductive indktiv /Capacitive kpsitiv inductance indktns n. 电感-电感的/电容的capacitance kpsitns n.电容Position/Velocity vilsti位置/速度-Potentiometer pu,tenimitpotentio-电位 -meter mi:t comb.form “计”“仪”“表”-电位计potential putenl n. 潜能；可能性；电 电势-LVDT(liner variable-differential vribl-,difrenl transformer)-线性可变差动变压器 transformer trnsf:m n. 电 变压器 变形金刚-Encoder enkudencode enkudvt. 计 编码，译码-编码器en- pref. 使处于境地 code kudn. 代码，密码vt. 编码-Tachogenerator tkdenreit tacho tku n. 转速计；转速器-测速发电机generator denreit n. 发电机；发生器；生产者Force/Pressure pre力/压力Vibration vaibrein/Acceleration k,selreinvibrate vaibreit vi. 振动；颤动振动/加速度accelerate kselreit vi. 加速Example Applications应用实例-Car wash application洗车装置-Paper roll thickness monitorthick ik adj. 厚的；浓的 -ness nis suf. 常附于形容-滚筒纸厚度检测词后面构成抽象名词表示“性质”,“状态”,“程度”-Waste water flow volumevolume vlju:m n. 量；体积；卷；音量；大量；册-废水流量volumetric ,vljumetrik adj. 物 体积的；物 容积的Inductive and capacitive proximity sensors电感式和电容式接近传感器-Inductive sensors use change in local magnetic mnetik field to detect presence of metal target-电感式传感器利用局部磁场变化检测金属目标的存在-Capacitive sensors use change in local capacitive caused by non-metallic objects-电容传感器利用非金属物体引起局部电容的变化-Generally short ranges only-通常只适用于短距离-Regarded as very robust rubst and reliable-被视为非常耐用和可靠Example Inductive Sensors电感式传感器实例-Detection of open/close functions-打开/关闭功能的检测-Detection of rotation-旋转的检测-Detect presence of objet without contact-检测无接触物体的存在-Range 3mm +/- 10%-范围3mm +/- 10%(plus or minus mains 10%)l Section III Words and Expressionsconvert knv:t vt. 使转变；转换；使改变信仰 vi. 转变 皈依；改变信仰 n. 皈依者converter knv:t n. 电 变流器，整流器；转化器conver n. 转换 convers 匡威motion mun n. 动作；移动；手势；请求；意向 vi. 运动；打手势 vt. 运动；向打手势precision prisin n. 精度，数 精密度；精确 adj. 精密的，精确的magnitude mnitju:d n. 大小；量级；地震 震级；重要；光度magnetic mnetik adj. 地磁的；有磁性的；有吸引力的magnet mnit n. 磁铁；电磁 磁体；磁石robust rubst, rubst adj. 强健的；健康的；坚固的；耐用的 ROBUST:乐百氏Unit 3 STEPPER MOTORl Section I DialogueJ: Do you have any idea about stepper motors?M: Yes.Stepper motors are special direct-current (DC) motors.是的。步进电机是一种特殊的直流电机。J: Oh, I see.But whats the use of stepper motors?噢,我明白了。不过步进电机有哪些应用呢?M: Stepper motors can be applied plaid where you need to control rotation angle l, speed, position and synchronism sikrnizm.步进电机可以应用在你需要控制旋转角度、速度、位置和同步的场合。J: That is to say, a stepper motor can be a good choice whenever controlled movement is required.这就是说,每当需要运动控制，步进电机是一个不错的选择。M: Thats right. Actually, one of its most significant signifiknt uses is its ability to be accurately kjuritli controlled in an open loop system.没错。实际上, 它最重要的用途之一是能够在开环系统中准确地控制。J: Oh, I understand. Its very kind of you to tell me so much.M: My pleasure.l Section II ReadingStepper Motor步进电机Stepper motors are special motors that are used when motion and position have to be precisely prisaisli controlled.步进电机是一种特殊的电动机,它用于精确的控制运动和位置。 It translates current pulsepls into motor rotation and every times receives a digitaldiditl pulse it rotates a number of degrees in rotation.它将电流脉冲转化成电机旋转,每次收到一个数字脉冲,依次旋转一定的角度。The main advantage of stepper motors is that they can achieve accurate position control without the requirement for position feedback.步进电机的最大的优势是无需要求位置反馈就能实现精确的位置控制。In other words, they can run “open loop”, which significantly signifkntli reduces the cost of a position control system.换句话说,它们能够”开环”运行,这显著地降低了位置控制系统的成本。Stepper motors are commonly used on measurement and control applications.步进电机常用于测量和控制应用。Sample applications include ink jet printers (the paper feed and print head drivers), CNC machines (controlled motion and accurate positioning) and volumetric ,vljumetrik pumps.举例说明，（步进电机的）应用包括喷墨打印机(送纸和打印头驱动),数控机床(精确控制位移)和容积计量泵。And today stepper motors also can be found in computer peripherals prifrls, machine tools, medical medikl equipment ikwipmnt, automotive ,:tumutiv devices, small business machines and so an.现在,在计算机外围设备、机床、医疗设备、车载设备、小型商业机器上也会发现步进电机（的应用）。l Section III Words and Expressionscurrent krnt n. （水，气，电）流；趋势；涌流 adj. 现在的；流通的，通用的direct current 电 直流；电 直流电 DCalternating current :ltneiti 电 交流电 ACangle l n. 角度，角angel eindl n. 天使；守护神synchronism sikrnizm n. 同时发生，同步性 syn- sinpref. 类似；同时；相同sync sik n. 同步，同时vt. 使同步vi. 同时发生synch sik n. 同时，同步synchron sik n.同步synchronic sikrnik, sin- adj. 不考虑历史上变化的；限于一时的；同步的significant signifiknt n. 象征；有意义的事物 adj. 重大的；有意义的；意味深长的significantly signifkntli adv. 意味深长地；值得注目地accurately kjuritli adv. 精确地，准确地accurate kjurt adj. 精确的open loop 自 开环 开路closed loop 闭环，闭合环路semi-closed loop 半闭环semi- sem(a)i- pref. 半；部分 conductor kndkt n. 导体insulator insjuleit, ins- n. 物 绝缘体 Ins. 绝缘等级semiconductor ,semikndkt n. 半导体digital diditl adj. 数字的；手指的 n. 数字；键analog nl n. 自 模拟；类似物 adj. 自 模拟的；有长短针的in rotation 轮流地；交替地；依次measurement memnt n. 测量；计量 度量；尺寸；量度制peripherals prifrls n. 周边设备；外围设备；电脑外设Unit 4 COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROLl Section I Dialogue-Excuse me, Mary. I feel quite confused about the difference between numerical nju:merikl control (NC) and computer numerical control (CNC). Could you explain it to me?-打扰一下,玛丽。我觉得很困惑数控(NC)和计算机数控(CNC) 之间的差异。你能给我解释一下吗?-Well, numerical control is a method of operating a manufacturing ,mnjufktri machine based on a code of letters, numbers, and special characters automatically ,:tmtikli.-好的，数控是基于字符、数字和特殊符号组成的代码来控制加工设备自动运行的一种技术。-Oh, I see. Then what is CNC?-Good question. When numerical control is performed under computer supervision, it is called computer numerical control.-问得好。当数字控制在计算机的管理下进行，它被称为计算机数控。-You mean computers are the control units of CNC machines.-你的意思计算机是数控机床的控制单元。-Yes, you are right.-Thank you for your explanation,eksplnein.-My pleasure.l Section II ReadingAdvantages of Computer Numerical Control计算机数控的优点Today, computer numerical control machines are found almost everywhere, from small job shops to Fortune f:tn 500 companies, because CNC machines have many advantages over conventional knvennl machine:数控机床在小企业或财富杂志所评的500强大公司中随处可见，是因为它具有比普通机床更多的优势。1. There is a possibility of performing multiple operations on the same machine in one setup.1. 在一台机器上，一次装夹（设置）可以完成实现多种操作。2. Because of the possibility of simultaneous multi-axis tool movement, special profile tools are not necessary to cut unusual part shapes.2.因为机床可以多轴联动，所以在加工特殊外形零件时不需要专用成形刀具。3. The scrap rate is significantly reduced because of the precision of the CNC machine and lesser operator impact.3. 因为数控机床的精度，受操作者的影响小，废品率显着降低。4. It is easy to incorporate ink:preit part design changes when CAD/CAM systems are used.4. 当使用CAD / CAM系统的时，对零件装配设计的修改就变得更容易。5. It is easier to perform quality assurance urns by a spot-check instead of checking all parts. 5. 通过抽查代替全检，质量更容易保证。6. Production is significantly increased.6. 产量显著增加。l Section III Words and Expressionsmanufacturing ,mnjufktri adj. 制造的；制造业的 n. 制造业，工业v. 制造；生产manufacture ,mnjufkt n. 制造；产品；制造业 vt. 制造；加工；捏造 vi. 制造manu- ma:nu: pref. 手，人工facture fkt n. 制作；发票；制作法character krkt n. 性格，品质；特性；角色；计 字符 vt. 印，刻；使具有特征auto- :tu pref. 自动；自己；汽车maticn n.电气自动方式automatically ,:tmtikli adv. 自动地；机械地；无意识地automatical adj. 自动的supervision ,sju:pvin n. 监督，管理super- sju:p pref. 在之上；超级的vision vin n. 视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力 vt. 想象；显现；梦见 fortune f:tn, -tu:n n. 财富；命运；运气；财富杂志vt. 给予财富vi. 偶然发生网络释义conventional knvennl adj. 符合习俗的，传统的；常见的；惯例的convention knvenn n. 大会；法 惯例；计 约定；法 协定；习俗multiple mltipl adj. 多重的；多样的；许多的mult- mlt comb.form 用于元音字母前表示：多,多倍(=multi-) multi-axis 多轴的setup setp n. 设置；机构；组织；调整；计划；装备simultaneous ,simlteinis adj. 同时的；联立的；同时发生的simul siml adv. 同时，一起（处方用语，等于together）incorporate ink:preit, ink:prt vt. 包含，吸收vi. 合并；混合 adj. 合并的；一体化的corporate k:prit adj. 法人的；共同的，全体的；社团的corporation ,k:prein n. 公司；法人（团体）；社团；大腹便便；市政当局assurance urns n. 保证；保险；确信；断言insurance inurns n. 保险；保险费；保险契约；赔偿金surance 保险spot-check spt,tek vt. 做抽样调查 vi. 抽查unusual ,nju:ul adj. 不寻常的；与众不同的；不平常的usual ju:ul adj. 通常的，惯例的；平常的usually ju:uli adv. 通常，经常un- n pref. 用于形容词之前，表示不；加于动词前，表做出相反的动作；加于名词前，表由取出Unit 5 CNC Machinesl Section I DialogueLets talk about some application of CNC.让我们来谈谈计算机数控的一些应用。CNC is being used on all types of machine tools, from the simplest to the most complex.计算机数控（被）使用于各种机床,从最简单最复杂的。Yeah, you are right. Nowadays the most common machine tools are the single-spindle spindl drilling machine, lathe, milling machine, turning center and machining center.是的,你是对的。如今最常见的机床有单轴钻床、车床、铣床、车削中心、加工中心。But what types of machining centers are there?但是加工中心有哪些类型？There are two main types: the horizontalhrizntl spindle and the verticalv:tikl spindle machine.加工中心主要有两种：卧式主轴加工中心和立式主轴加工中心。Would you please tell me some details about the horizontal spindle type?请你告诉我一些有关卧式主轴加工中心的细节?The travelling-column klm（移动立柱） type is equipped with over or usually two tables（工作台） on which the workpiece w:kpi:s（工件） can be mounted（安装） while the fixed-column（固定立柱） type is equipped with a pallet（托盘） shuttle（滑台） tl.移动立柱型配备有两个或两个以上的工作台，其上面可以固定加工件，而固定立柱型则配备有一个托盘式滑动工作台。 I see. Thanks.l Section II ReadingTypes of CNC Machines数控机床的类型CNC has touched almost every aspect spekt of manufacturing. 计算机数控几乎已经触及制造业的每一方面。Many machining processes have been improved through the use of CNC.通过使用数控许多加工过程中已得到改进。Machining center and turning centers are two typical types of CNC machine.加工中心和车削中心是数控机床两个典型的类型。Machining centers are the latest development in CNC technology and are also the popular types of CNC machine tools used today. 加工中心是数控技术最新的发展，也是当今使用的数控机床的通用类型。At a single setup, machining centers can perform such operations as all kinds of milling (face milling, contour milling, slot milling, etc.), drilling, tapping tpi, reaming ri:mi, boring, and counterboring kaunt,b:.加工中心只需要一次装卡就可以完成各种铣削（面铣、轮廓铣、铣槽）、钻孔、攻螺纹、铰孔、镗孔和扩孔等。In similar fashion, CNC turning centers are capable keipbl of executing eksikju:t many different types of lathe cutting operations (like facing, boring, turning, grooving, knurling, and threading) simultaneously saimlteinisli on rotating part.类似的，数控车削中心能够在转动的同时实现多种不同的车削操作（比如车端面，钻、镗孔，车削，切槽，滚花，车螺纹）。In addition din to machining centers and turning centers, CNC technology has also been applied to many other types of manufacturing equipments such as wire electrical discharge machines (wire EDM) and laser cutting machines.除了加工中心和车削中心，计算机数控技术也应用与很多其它类型的制造设备，比如电火花线切割机床和激光切割机床。l Section III Words and Expressionshorizontal hrizntl adj. 水平的；地平线的；同一阶层的n. 水平线，水平面；水平位置vertical v:tikl adj. 垂直的，直立的 n. 垂直线，垂直面column klm n. 纵队，列；专栏；圆柱，柱形物workpiece w:kpi:s n. 工件；轧件；工件壁厚pallet plit n. 托盘，货板；简陋小床；调色板shuttle tl n. 滑台 航天飞机；穿梭；梭子vt. 使穿梭般来回移动vi. 穿梭往返aspect spekt n. 方面；方向；形势；外貌contour kntu n. 轮廓；等高线；周线；电路；概要 vt. 画轮廓；画等高线bore b: n. 孔；令人讨厌的人 vt. 钻孔；使烦扰 vi. 钻孔counterbore kaunt,b: n. 埋头孔，扩孔slot slt n. 位置；狭槽；水沟；硬币投币口 vt. 跟踪；开槽于groove ru:v vt. 开槽于 vi. 形成沟槽knurl n:l n. 隆起；节，瘤；硬节 压纹 滚花tap tp 攻丝 vt. 轻敲；轻打；装上嘴子vi. 轻拍；轻击；轻叩 n. 水龙头；轻打ream ri:m n. 令（纸张的计数单位）；大量 vt. 榨取（果汁等）；扩展；铰孔thread red n. 线；螺纹 vt. 穿过；穿线于；使交织 vi. 通过；穿透过 discharge dist:d vt. 解雇；卸下；放出；免除 n. 排放；卸货；解雇vi. 排放；卸货，放电 charge t:d n. 费用；电荷；掌管；命令 vt. 使充电；使承担 vi. 充电；控告；索价；dis- dis pref. 表示不；表示否定、相反或相对；表示分离、夺去 l Section IV Technical Termssingle-spindle drilling machineturning centermachining centermilling machinetravelling-columnfixed-columnwire electrical discharge machines (wire EDM) laser cutting machinesUnit 6 The Components of CNC Machinel Section I DialogueIt is said that CNC machine is very popular nowadays, but Im still strange to it.Could you please tell me something about it?据说数控机床是现在非常流行,但是我对机床还是不了解。你能告诉我一些关于它的事吗?A CNC machine is an NC machine with additional features of an on-board computer.计算机数控机床是具有安装在机床上的计算机的附加功能的数控机床。Oh, I see. But what is an on-board computer?哦，我明白了。但是什么是安装在机床上的电脑?The on-board computer refers to the machine control unit (MCU).安装在机床上的电脑指的是指机床控制单元(MCU)。You mean the control unit of NC machine.你的意思是数控机床的控制单元。Not exactly. There are some differences between them. The control unit of NC machine is usually hard wired