初三英语专项复习主谓一致 季春艳.doc

初三英语专项复习主谓一致 季春艳【考点聚焦】主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容： 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数。谓语用复数。2、由and或bothand连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： The poet and writer has come. 3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 4、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，as well as ，together with along with，like 等引导的介词短语时 ，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例如： The women with two children is my aunt . 注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。 Mr Smith , followed by his wife and three children , has just arrived. 5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。 6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。 7、 当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 纽约时报 8、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数. 9、“the +形容词”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数 10、由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 11、有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 注意：如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on the bed.12、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 13、不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数；如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 All of the work has been finished. All of the people have gone. 14、疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。 Who is your brother? Who are League members? 15、分数(百分数)+of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词的数。 但要注意population 一词，用作整体时，谓语动词用单数，用其部分做主语时，谓语动词形式用复数。 Part of the work has been done by us .Ten percent of the apples were bad . The population of China is 13.6 billion and 70%of the population are peasants . 16、half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数；如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如： 17、由what 引出的从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。 18、由连词notbut, or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。19、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 20、a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。 21、“one or two +复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用复数。 22、 many a 单数名词 (许多) ； more than one 单数名词(不止一)作主语，尽管意思是复数，但谓语动词还是用单数。注意： “more than +基数词复数名词”结构或“more 复数名词 than one做主语时，谓语用复数。 Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. More than twenty students are playing football on the playground. More members than one are against your plan. 23、this kind of book=a book of this kind(这种书)，作主语，谓语用单数；this kind of men=men of this kind=these kind of men(这类人，口语中用)，但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind=these kind of men的谓语用复数。all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数。 This kind of men is dangerous. Men of this kind are dangerous. 24、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。 注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决 于one前是否有the (only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only， 就用复数形式。 This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. He was the only one of the students who was late for school.【技巧点拨】中考主谓一致方面的考题主要考知识的记忆情况。考查主谓一致的常见题型有单项选择，完型填空，翻译句子，单句改错，短文改错、同义句转换，时态填空等。做这类题时，必须找出句子的真正主语，然后根据记忆的知识作出判断。同时，要遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近原则. （ ）1. Each of you _ responsible for the accident.a. am b. be c. is d. are（ ） 2. Each man and woman _ the same rights. a. has b. have c. had d. is having（ ） 3. Every means _ tried but without much result. a. has been b. have been c. are d. is（ ） 4. There _ in this room. a. are too much furniture b. is too many furnitures c. are too much furnitures d. is too much furniture（ ） 5. The manager or his assistant _ planning to go. a. were b. are c. was d. be（ ） 6. Not only I but also David and Iris _ fond of playing basketball. a. am b. is c. are d. was（ ） 7. Neither Tom nor his parents _ at home. a. is b. are c. has d. was（ ） 8. Either the dean or the principal _ the meeting. a. attends b. attend c. are attending d. have attended （ ） 9. _ was wrong. a. Not the teacher but the students b. Both the students and the teacher c. Neither the teacher not the students d. Not the students but the teacher （ ）10. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” “I suppose so.” a. Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were （ ） 11. Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task. a. are b. has c. is d. were （ ） 12. Most of his savings _ in the Xin Hua Bank. a. has been kept b. is being kept c. have kept d. have been kept （ ） 13. All that can be done _. a. has done b. has been done c. have done d. have been done （ ） 14. One or perhaps more pages _. a. is missing b. has been missed c. are missing d. was missing （ ）15. More than one worker _ dismissed. a. have been b. are c. has been d. has （ ） 16. Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language. a. have realized b. has realize c. have been realized d. has been realized （ ） 17. The gas works _ near the city. a. is b. are c. were d. be （ ）18. The surroundings of his house _ clean now. a. is b. are c. was d. were （ ） 19. The committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours. a. has argued b. has been arguing c. have argued d. have been arguing （ ）20. The public _ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims. a. is b. was c. are d. has been （ ） 21. Cattle _ on the hillside. a. grazes b. is grazing c. was grazing d. were grazing （ ）22. Her politics _ neither conservative nor liberal. a. is b. are c. was d. has been （ ）23. Measles _ a kind of infectious illness. a. is b. are c. were d. have been （ ）24. The Philippines _ to the south-east of China. a. lies b. lie c. lay d. lays （ ）25. Mary is one of the girls who _ always on time. a. is b. am c. are d. was （ ）26. Tom is the only one of the stall members who _ to be promoted. a. is going b. are going c. has been going d. have been going （ ） 27. What caused the accident _ on the road. a. were stone b. were stones c. was stone d. was stones （ ） 28. Wisky and soda _ his favorite drink. a. is b. are c. were d. have been （ ） 29. _ is to attend our evening. a. both the singer and the dancer b. Either the singer or dancers c. The singer or dancers d. The singer and dancer （ ）30. The Smiths _ their breakfast when the morning post came. a. had b. has been having c. are having d. were having （ ）31. No one except two students _ the meeting. a. has been late for b. have been late for c. was late for d. were later for （ ）32. All but him and me _ to the exhibition. a. am going b. is going c. are going d. was going （ ）33. Interest, as well as prospects, _ important when one looks for a job. a. are b. were c. is d. was （ ）34. The president, accompanied by his assistants, _. a. have arrived b. are arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived （ ）35. A number of cars _ in front of the park a. is parked b. was parked c. are parked d. has parked （ ）36. the number of articles published on smoking _ amazing. a. is b. are c. were d. have been （ ）37. The majority of doctors _ smoking is harmful to health. a. are believed b. had believed c. has believed d. believe （ ）38. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair. a. is b. are c. were d. be （ ） 39. Four-fifths of the crop _. a. are ruined b. was ruined c. were ruined d. have been ruined （ ）40. Three-fourths of the buildings _. a. was destroyed b. is destroyed c. were destroyed d. has been destroyed （ ）41. Early to bed and early to rise _ a man healthy, happy and wise. a. making b. to make c. make d. makes （ ）42. Mathematics _ the language of science. a. is b. has been c. are d. have been （ ）43. The young _ the vital forces in our society. a. is b. has been c. are d. have been （ ）44. Every man, woman and child _ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world. a. knows b. know c. is known d. are known （ ）45. None of them _ my friends. a. is b. are c. was d. has been （ ）46. Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe , indeed the whole human society _ to alter its attitude to racial problems. a. need b. needs c. has a need d. have a need （ ）47. Getting to other planets or to the moon _ many problems. a. involve b. involves c. involving d. to involve （ ） 48. In that country, the rich _ richer, the poor, poorer. a. become b. has become c. becomes d. is becoming （ ）49. The project requires more labor than _ because it is extremely difficult. a. has been put in b. have been put in c. being put in d. to be put in （ ） 50. Not one in one hundred children exposed to the disease _ likely to develop it.a. should be b. must be c. is d. Are初中英语语法：主谓一致语法专项训练51. Neither he nor I _ for the plan.a. were b. is c. are d. am52. My family as well as I _ glad to see you.a. was b. is c. are d. am53. My father, together with some of his old friends, _ there already.a. will be b. had been c. has been d. have been54. There are two roads and either _ to the station.a. is leading b. are leading c. lead d. leads55. Nine plus three _ twelve.a. are making b. is making c. make d. makes56. Twenty miles _ a long way to cover.a. seem to be b. is c. are d. were57. Very few _ his address in the town.a. has known b. are knowing c. know d. knows58. When and where this took place _ still unknown.a. has b. is c. were d. are59. I know that all _ getting on well with her.a. w