形容词副词讲义.doc

形容词副词形容词副词 定义：中文的意思是“的”的词是形容词，用来修饰名词；中文意思是“地”的词是副词，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词形容词与副词 在句中的位置 形容词 形容词的比较级 在句中的位置 名词所有格 副词的比较级 形容词副词的转换考点清单考点一：形容词的位置形容词放在名词前作定语She is a beautiful girl.形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词的后面I have something important to tell you.系动词之后接形容词，构成系表结构I am happy to see The girl looks happy. / That sounds great. 常见系动词有：be, look ,keep, feel, sound, smell, go get, become, turn, grow等练习：练习 It is a _(sun) day. It is a _(rain) day. I think you are a _(luck) girl. The teacher said he had _to tell us.A. anything important B. important anythingC. something important D. important something Look !Jack is _(excite,excited) . I feel _(happy) every day. The baby is sleeping ,please keep_(quiet,quietly)考点二：形容词的比较级1.规则的形容词比较级情况改法例词原型比较级最高级一般单音节词和少数双音节词比较级在词尾加-er,最高级在词尾加-esttallclevertallercleverertallestcleverest以e结尾的单音节词比较级在词尾加-r,最高级在词尾加-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以重读闭音节结尾，且词末只有一个辅音字母的词双写辅音字母，比较级加-er,最高级加-estbigthinhotbiggerthinnerhotterbiggestthinnesthottest以辅音字母+y结尾的词比较级改y为i加-er，最高级改y为i加-esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest多音节和部分双音节的词比较级在词前加more,最高级在词前加mostusefulpopularinterestingmore usefulmore popularmore interestingmost usefulmost popularmost interesting2.常见的不规则的形容词比较级原级比较级最高级Good/wellbetterbestmany/much moremostbad/ill/badlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuch/manymoremostfarfarther/furtherfarthest, furthestoldolder, elderoldest, eldest3. 形容词原级及比较级用法形容词比较级句型例句同级之间as+副词原级+as 意为“和.一样”如：Jim studies as good as Tom .Jim studies as good as Tom .否定结构形式是not as/so +副词原级+as,意为.不及. 如：Jim studies not as/so good as Tom.Jim studies not as/so good as Tom.两者之间(A)主格+be|+形容词比较级+than+B(宾格)。如：Jim is taller than Tom. Jim is taller than Tom. 三者及以上用副词的最高级形式如：Jim is the tallest in my class.Jim is the tallest in my class.4. 常见的形容词比较级（1）在形容词词尾加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：bright（明亮的）brighterbrightest broad（广阔的）broaderbroadestcheap（便宜的）cheapercheapest clean（干净的）cleanercleanest clever（聪明的）cleverercleverest cold（寒冷的）coldercoldest cool（凉的）coolercoolest dark（黑暗的）darkerdarkestdear（贵的）dearerdearest deep（深的）deeperdeepest fast（迅速的）fasterfastest few（少的）fewerfewest great（伟大的）greatergreatest hard（困难的，硬的）harderhardesthigh（高的）higherhighest kind（善良的）kinderkindest light（轻的）lighterlightest long（长的）longerlongestloud（响亮的）louderloudest low（低的）lowerlowestnear（近的）nearernearest new（新的）newernewestpoor（穷的）poorerpoorest quick（快的）quickerquickestquiet（安静的）quieterquietest rich（富裕的）richerrichestshort（短的）shortershortest slow（慢的）slowerslowest small（小的）smallersmallest smart（聪明的）smartersmartest soft（柔软的）softersoftest strong（强壮的）strongerstrongestsweet（甜的）sweetersweetest tall（高的）-taller-tallest thick（厚的）thickerthickest warm（温暖的）warmerwarmest weak（弱的）weakerweakest young（年轻的）youngeryoungest （2）.双写最后一个字母，再加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：big（大的）biggerbiggest fat（胖的）fatterfattest hot（热的）hotterhottest red（红的）redderreddest sad（伤心的）saddersaddest thin（瘦的）thinnerthinnest wet（湿的）wetterwettest mad（疯的）maddermaddest（3）.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上 “r” “st” 构成比较级、最高级：able（能干的）ablerablest brave（勇敢的）braverbravest close（接近的）closerclosest fine（好的，完美的）finerfinestlarge（巨大的）largerlargest late（迟的）laterlatest nice（好的）nicernicest ripe（成熟的）riperripestrude（粗鲁的）ruderrudest safe（安全的）safersafest strange（奇怪的）strangerstrangest wide（宽广的）widerwidest wise（睿智的，聪明的）wiserwisest white（白的）whiterwhitest（4）.以字母y结尾的形容词，把y改为i，再加上 “er” “est” 构成比较级、最高级：busy（忙碌的）busierbusiest dirty（脏的）dirtierdirtiest dry（干燥的）drierdriest early（早的）earlierearliesteasy（容易的）easiereasiest friendly（友好的）friendlierfriendliest funny（好玩的）funnierfunniest happy（开心的）happierhappiest healthy（健康的）healthierhealthiest heavy（重的）heavierheaviest hungry（饿的）hungrierhungriest lazy（懒惰的）lazierlaziest lucky（幸运的）luckierluckiest naughty（调皮的）naughtiernaughtiest noisy（嘈杂的）noisiernoisiest pretty（美丽的）prettierprettiestsilly（傻的）silliersilliest spicy（辣的）spicierspiciestthirsty（渴的）thirstierthirstiest ugly（丑的）uglierugliest （5）.双音节、多音节形容词，在单词前面加上 “more” “most” 构成比较级、最高级：afraid（害怕的）more afraidmost afraid beautiful（美丽的）more beautifulmost beautifulcareful（仔细的）more carefulmost careful cheerful（开心的）more cheerfulmost cheerful crowded（拥挤的）more crowdedmost crowdeddangerous（危险的）more dangerousmost dangerous delicious（美味的）more deliciousmost delicious difficult（困难的）more difficultmost difficult exciting（令人兴奋的）more excitingmost exciting expensive（昂贵的）more expensivemost expensivefamous（著名的）more famousmost famous frightened（受惊的）more frightenedmost frightened frightening（令人害怕的）more frighteningmost frighteninghard-working（勤奋的）more hard-workingmost hard-working helpful（有帮助的）more helpfulmost helpful honest（诚实的）more honestmost honest important（重要的）more importantmost importantinteresting（有趣的）more interestingmost interesting polite（有礼貌的）more politemost polite terrible（可怕的）more terriblemost terrible tired（累的）more tiredmost tired（6）.不规则变化的形容词：bad（坏的）worseworst far（远的）fartherfarthest (farfurtherfurthest)good（好的）betterbest ill（病的）worseworst little（少的）lessleast many（多的）moremost much（多的）moremost old（年老的）olderoldest ( oldeldereldest) well（好的，身体好的）betterbest练习1. Is your friend _ (young) than you ?2. Shanghai is one of _ (big) cities in the world.3. Do you think English is _important than maths。4. Of all the students in Jims class, he is_A. the youngest B. younger C. Young5. Is Tom_ boy in your class?A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest6. I am 4 cm_ than my sister.A. longer B. taller C. heavier7. Lets have a rest here. I am too tired to walk any_.A. far B.farther C. farthest D.farer8. Lily is 12 and Lucy is 10. So Lucy is _than Lily.A. young B. younger C. old D. older真题链接1. Shall we go to the zoo?-Great! That is _.(锦玉小学2017)A unhappy B difficult C sad D interesting2. I like green grass and _(rain) day. （锦玉小学2017）3. My father _1.8 meters _. （锦玉小学2017）A has;tall B is;tall C has;short D is;short4. Bei jing Library has _(many) books than ours.（锦玉小学2017）5. She can jump _(高得）than her brother.（锦玉小学2017）6. This T-shirt looks so_on you. （凌云小学2017）A young B clean C cool D easy7. Autumn is c_ while spring is warm（凌云小学）8. This film is very_.I dont like it. （育华小学） A busy B boring C exciting D fun 9. I feel _now,so I want to have a rest. （育华小学）A lonely B lucky C tired D angry10. Take more exercise and you cant keep_.(health)（育华小学）11. It is _(bright) and great.（育华小学）考点三 副词在句中的位置副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他结构。可以放在句子的前面、中间、或句子的最后，其位置比较灵活。副词的位置例句放在被修饰动词的后面He goes slowly to the window.My sister can dance well. 放在被修饰的形容词的前面She is a very beautiful girl. It is really nice of you .被修饰副词的前面I push the door very hard.练习1. We should listen to the teacher _. (careful ,carefully）2. I can see it _ ( clear, clearly).3. She write _(slow) and _(careful).考点四 副词的比较级1.副词的比较级用法和形容词的比较级一样的变化规则.以词尾 -ly 结尾的副词（除 early ,earlier earliest)其他须用 more 和 most 。如：Warmly more warmly most warmlySuccessfully more successfully most successfully2.副词原级及比较级用法副词比较级句型例句同级之间as+副词原级+as 意为“和.一样”如：Jim studies as hard as Tom .Jim studies as hard as Tom .否定结构形式是not as/so +副词原级+as,意为.不及. 如：Jim studies not as/so hard as Tom.Jim studies not as/so hard as Tom.两者之间(A)主格+动词|+副词比较级+than如：Jim runs faster than Tom. Jim runs faster than Tom. 三者及以上用副词的最高级形式如：Jim runs the fastest in my class.Jim runs the fastest in my class.3. 常见的副词比较级1）规则变化soon-sooner-