阅读训练2.doc

人物传记类阅读真题解析Jim Carrey has become one of the most well-known faces in the world. And it is because of his face that he has made such achievements.Jim Carrey was born in a working class family, and life was poor for young Jim. While in his teen, he had to take a job as a doorkeeper when his father lost his job, and finally he dropped out of school. At that time, he developed his sense of humour to help him deal with anger at the world.He was often alone. He said he didnt have any friends because he didnt want any. At 15 he started performing at a comedy club. Later he moved to Los Angeles and there he got the attention from a famous comedian, Rodney Dangerfield, and his life started to change.Jim Carrey got his big break in 1990, when he played a role on the new comedy show, In Living Color. He broke into films in 1994. It was the year of Funny Face. First there was Pet Detective, a success that showed Carreys comic style. Next came The Mask, which was another success for him.Jim Carrey has come a long way from his unhappy childhood. In fact,he seems to be having a second childhood now. The future looks good for him. He has developed a large crowd of fans and he also has proved his ability to get through a storm and come out on top, which is important for any person.1. Why didnt Jim Carrey have any friends when he was young?A. Because he dropped out of school.B. Because he was in a working class family.C. Because he didnt want to make friends.D. Because he was angry at the world.2. The underlined phrase “got his big break” in Paragraph 4 may mean “_”.A. got a good chanceB. made a lot of moneyC. felt tiredD. had a rest3. From the last paragraph we can learn that _.A. Carrey didnt finish his school educationB. many people like Jim CarreyC. he once survived a stormD. Rodney Dangerfield changed Carreys life4. Which of the following is True according to the passage?A. Carreys success comes from his handsome face.B. Carrey was happy in his childhood.C. Carreys sense of humour came from the difficult environment.D. The film The Mask was not a success at first.本文是一篇记叙文，属于人物传记类文章，讲述了金凯瑞的童年，以及他如何成为一名著名的喜剧演员的故事。1. C。细节理解题。根据第3段第2句He said he didnt have any friends because he didnt want any.可知，他没有朋友，是因为他不想交朋友，故选C。2. A。词义猜测题。联系下文可知，本段讲述他取得了怎样的成功，没有提到钱的问题，所以此处指“机遇”，故选A。3. B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句He has developed a large crowd of fans 可知，他有很多粉丝，即很多人喜欢他，故选B。4. C。细节理解题。根据第2段最后一句At that time, he developed his sense of humour to help him deal with anger at the world.可知，金凯瑞在童年时期学会用幽默感来处理对外界的不满，故选C。2012 湖北荆州The designer of the Apple Computer, Steve Jobs, was not quite successful in his early years. He was not among the best students at school, and from time to time he got into trouble with either his schoolmates or his teachers. But he was full of new ideas, which few people saw the value of. Things remained the same when he went up to college and he dropped out halfway.Steve Jobs worked first as a video game designer at Atari. He worked there for only a few months and then he set out to tour India. He hoped that the trip would give him more ideas and give him a change in life for the better.After he returned from India, he began to live on a farm in California. And then, in 1975, Steve Jobs set about making a new type of computer. Along with his friend Stephen Wozniak, he designed the Apple Computer in his bedroom and built it in his garage (车 库). He used the name “Apple” because it reminded him of a happy summer he once spent on an orchard (果园) in Oregon.His Apple Computer was so successful that Steve Jobs soon became worldwide famous. But unluckily, he died of illness in 2011.1. Steve Jobs _ when he was in school.A. was an outstanding studentB. didnt do very wellC. was always praised by othersD. didnt learn anything2. The underlined word “value” means _.A. beauty B. Chance C. importance D. hope3. Steve Jobs _.A. received excellent college educationB. didnt go to college at allC. studied in college for four yearsD. didnt finish his college education4. Steve Jobs named his computer company “Apple” because _.A. apple was his favorite fruitB. he designed the computer under an apple treeC. he wanted to remember the happy time on the orchardD. the computer was designed on the orchard5. Steve Jobs _ would be the most important thing for his lifetime success.A. “failure” in schoolB. stay on the orchardC. travel on IndiaD. new ideas本文是一篇记叙文，属于传记文章，讲述了乔布斯年轻时代的一些事情，以及他的苹果公司是如何开始的。1. B。细节理解题。根据第1段第2句He was not among the best students at school.可知，乔布斯在学校上学时候，学习不好，故选B。2. C。词义猜测题。根据句意可知，value此处有“重要性，价值”之意，故选C。3. D。细节理解题。根据第1段最后一句Things remained. he dropped out halfwy.可知，乔布斯大学中途辍学，故选D。4. C。细节理解题。根据第3段最后一句He used the name “Apple” because it reminded him of a happy summer.可知，乔布斯之所以为他的公司取名“苹果”，是为了纪念他在俄勒冈州果园度过的那个快乐夏天，故选C。5. D。推理判断题。根据第1段倒数第二句But he was full of new ideas, which few people saw the value of. 以及第2段最后一句He hoped that the trip would give him more ideas.可知，乔布斯的成功主要源于他的新奇的想法，故选D。人物传记类阅读模拟训练Passage 1In films, spies (间谍) are lucky people. They are smart and die hard. But a real spys life is not that exciting. They must live a life of lies. Their work is dangerous and they may have to pay for it with their lives.American spy Nathan Hale (17551776) was one of these people.Why does someone want to be a spy? Some do it for their country. Some for money. Some just love it.Nathan Hale became a spy for the first reason. He lived during the American Revolution (革命). He and his people fought (对抗) the British army (军队).In 1774, Hale joined the American army. Before that, he was a schoolteacher. Two years later, he chose to be a spy. He had to get information (情报) from the British army.He went to the city where the British army was staying. He told them that he was a schoolteacher and wanted to find a new job. He tried to get information for the American army. Hale finally got something important and decided to go back. He hid some papers in his boots (靴子). He went to the riverbank and waited for a boat to pick him up.But as a young spy, Hale didnt have enough experience. He told his secret to somebody else. But that person sold him out to the British army. British soldiers (士兵) caught Hale at the riverbank and found the papers in his boots.Hale died on September 22, 1776. His final words were: “I only regret (遗憾) I have but one life to lose for my country.” He died at the age of 21.1. Why did Nathan Hale become a spy?A. For fun. B. For money.C. For himself. D. For his country.2. According to the article, which of the following is TRUE?A. Nathan Hale was a spy for the British army.B. Nathan Hale joined the army at the age of 19 years old.C. Nathan Hale worked as a teacher for 2 years.D. Nathan Hale had rich experience as a spy.3. What do Nathan Hales final words mean?A. He regretted that he had to die for his country.B. He felt scared to die at such a young age.C. He wished to have the chance to work for his country.D. Its unfair that his country didnt bring him a reward.4. What is the article mainly about?A. Nathan Hales life as a spy.B. How to be a good spy.C. Spies lives in films.D. Nathan Hales army life.Passage 2Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh (18531890) killed himself by shooting himself in the chest (胸膛). This is what van Gogh himself told his brother, the doctors and the police just before he died.However, in a new book Van Gogh: The Life, two Pulitzer (普利策奖) Prize-winning authors, Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith, argue that van Gogh may have been murdered. They believed that the artist was protecting a 16-year-old boy named Rene Secretan, who shot him accidentally.Van Goghs statement that he shot himself was accepted because he had been mentally unstable (心神不稳) for two years. He suffered from psychotic (精神病的) attacks and imagined things that were not really happening. Art critics (评论家) believe that his unstable mental state is shown in his work, describing his style of painting as shaken. Some of his most famous paintings, such as The Starry Night, were produced during this period.Van Gogh is among a number of creative minds who suffered from mental health problems. In fact, mental illness is so common among famous creative figures that scientists have studied whether there is link between creativity and insanity (精神错乱). Research began in the 1970s, but the idea that an unstable mind could be linked to creative genius (天才) was already around in ancient Greece.Some scientists believe mental illness, in its more manageable state, gives artists creativity. Research has found that doing creative activities can also be therapeutic (有疗效的) for people suffering from mental illness. Painting, writing, or making something can be a positive way for people to express their thoughts.1. Before he died, Gogh himself told others that _.A. he shot himself to deathB. he was shot by a boyC. he was seriously illD. he had had an accident2. From Goghs The Starry Night, it is clear that _.A. Gogh was good at drawing starsB. Goghs mental state was unstableC. Gogh was at his best in drawingD. drawing natural scenery was Goghs favorite3. What can be learned from Paragraph 4?A. Most creative people suffer from mental illness.B. People with mental problems are creative.C. Creativity often makes people mentally ill.D. Mental health problems may help creative work.4. According to the last paragraph, the following can express peoples thoughts EXCEPT _.A. painting B. Writing C. listening D. making somethingPassage 3Alfred B. Nobel, the founder (创立者) of the Nobel Prizes, was born in 1833 in Sweden. He was the son of an engineer. When he was young, he moved with his family to Russia. Later he studied chemistry in Paris and worked in the USA.When he was 31, Nobel invented dynamite (炸药) and set up companies in more than 20 countries all over the world.But an explosion (爆炸) at his factory in 1864 killed his brother and four other workers. Nobel was shocked by this accident. After that, he worked on a safer explosive called gelignite (葛里炸药).During his lifetime, Nobel invented more than 350 different items. Before he died, on December 10, 1896, he had built up a huge fortune (财富).But because he hated the fact that his invention dynamite was used in wars, he gave away his money to establish the Nobel Prize.In his will, he said that the prizes should be awarded to those who have contributed (贡献) most to the common good.At first, Nobel Prizes were awarded for physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. The Nobel Economics Prize did not start until 1968.The prizes include a gold medal, a certificate (证书) and a lot of money. They are given on December 10 each year, the day on which Nobel died in 1896.1. According to Paragraphs 12, which of the following about Nobel is TRUE?A. He studied chemistry in Russia.B. He worked for the US military army.C. He was a businessman and inventor.D. He invented dynamite in France.2. Nobel established started the Nobel Prize, because _.A. he felt guilty that dynamite caused harm to humanB. he felt helpless that dynamite was easy to explodeC. he had lots of money and wanted to help peopleD. he hoped to be remembered by people3. According to the article, Nobel Prizes _.A. were awarded for chemistry and peace at firstB. were have been awarded for economics since in 1968C. are a large sum of moneyD. are given every three years4. According to the article, which of the following is TRUE?A. Nobel set up 31 companies around the world.B. Nobel killed his brother and four workers by accident.C. Nobel invented 350 different things in his life.D. Nobel died at the age of 63 years old.Passage 4Thomas Alva Edison was born on February 17, 1847, in the small town of Milan, Ohio. He was the youngest of seven children.Thomas Edison was self-taught. He went to school for only three months. His teacher thought he could not learn because he had a mental problem. But young Tom Edison could learn. He learned from books and he put it into practice.At the age of ten, he built his own chemical lab (化学实验室). He experimented with chemicals and electricity. He built a telegraph machine (电报机) and quickly learned to send and receive telegraph messages. At the time, sending electric signals over wires was the fastest method of sending information long distances. At the age of sixteen, he went to work as a telegraph operator.He later worked in many different places. He continued to experiment with electricity. When he was twenty-one, he sent the United States government the documents (文件) needed to request the legal (法律的) protection for his first invention. The government gave him his first patent (专利权) on an electric device he called an Electrographic Vote Recorder. It used electricity to count votes (选票) in an election (选举).In 1913, a popular magazine at the time called Thomas Edison the most useful man in America. In 1928, he received a special medal of honor from the Congress of the United States.Thomas Edison died on January 6, 1931. In the months before his death he was still working very hard. He had asked the government for legal protection for his last invention. It was patent number 1093.1. According to Paragraph 2, we learn that _.A. Thomas Edison didnt like studying in schoolB. Thomas Edisons teacher didnt like him because he was lazyC. Thomas Edison didnt have much school educationD. Thomas Edison had a serious mental problem when he was young2. Thomas Edison built a telegraph machine to _.A. produce electricityB. count votes in an electionC. make long distance callsD. send and receive telegraph messages3. Which is the correct order of the following events about Thomas Edison?a. He built a telegraph machine.b. He received a special medal of honor from the Congress of the US.c. He worked as a telegraph operator.d. He built his own chemical lab.e. His Electrographic Vote Recorder was given patent.f. He was called the most useful man in America in an American magazine.A. d a c e f b B. d a c f b eC. a c d e b f D. a d c e f b4. Thomas Alva Edison died at the age of _.A. 76 B. 84 C. 94 D. 88Passage 5Steve Jobs, the founder and former CEO of Apple, died at the age of 56. Jobs had been fighting cancer (癌症) since 2004. In August 2011, he quit as CEO.When asked what Steve Jobs is best remembered for, many of us would name a particular product: the iPod, the iPhone or the iPad, for example. But in the eyes of Eric Jackson, a reporter with Forbes magazine, Jobs brought much more to the world than these popular products. Some of the lessons he taught us were equally inspiring.Jobs taught us how to face failure. He was fired by the successor (继任者) he himself chose. However, Jobs didnt hide away. He picked himself up and continued to follow his passion.Another important lesson he taught us was to listen to that voice in the back of your head the voice that tells you whether you are on the right track or not. Most of us simply decide that we are going to work in finance or become a doctor because our parents tell us this is what we should do. But Jobs believed and showed that it is wise to listen to that voice in your head, whatever it is telling you to do.“Steve was among the greatest of American innovators (创新者) brave enough to think differently, bold (大胆的) enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it.”1. According to Eric Jackson, which of the following is TRUE?A. Steve Jobs greatest achievement is his three products.B. Steve Jobs set a good example with what he had done.C. Steve Jobs is the best-known businessman in Forbes magazine.D. Steve Jobs has told him in person how to be successful.2. How did Steve Jobs react when he was fired by the successor?A. He felt angry with the man.B. He felt hopeless and gave up.C. He still followed his dream.D. He felt ashamed to be seen in public.3. Steve Jobs taught people this lesson: when you make a decision, _.A. youd better follow your parents adviceB. you should develop your strengthC. you can ask your teacher for adviceD. you should do what youd like to4. Which words can be used to best describe Steve Jobs?A. Creative and confident.B. Talented but not hard-working.C. Hard to get along with.D. Shy and stubborn (固执的).参考答案及解析Passage 1【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国间谍人Nathan Hale从事间谍工作的经历。他热爱自己的工作，但是由于年轻，缺乏经验，在一次工作中因被人出卖而牺牲。1. D。细节理解题。根据第3、4段可知，Nathan Hale选择当间谍，是为了报效国家，故选D。2. B。细节理解题。根据第2段.Nathan Hale (17551776) was one of these people，以及第5段第1句In 1774, Hale joined the American army.可计算出，他是19岁参军的，故选B。3. C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中.I only regret I have but one life to lose for my country.可知，他遗憾他只有一次生命为国家效力，言外之意是希望再有机会报效国家，故选C。4. A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Nathan Hale短暂的间谍生涯，故选A。Passage 2【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了画家梵高死因的两种说法，提到一些艺术家大都有精神疾病并重点讲到精神错乱对创作的影响。1. A。细节理解题。根据第1段可知，梵高临死之前，告诉他的弟弟、医生和警察，他是开枪自杀的，故选A。2. B。推理判断题。根据第3段最后两句his unstable mental state is shown in his work, describing his style of painting as shaken such as The Starry Night, were produced during this period.可知，答案选B。3. D。推理判断题。根据第4段最后一句but the idea that an unstable mind could be linked to creative genius was already around in ancient Greece.可知，精神方面的问题或许对某些天才的创作有作用，故选D。4. C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一句Painting, writing, or making something can be a positive way for people to express their thoughts.可知，答案选C。Passage 3【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了发明家诺贝尔的人生故事，以及诺贝尔奖的由来。1. C。细节理解题。根据第1、2段可知，诺贝尔是一个发明家，也是一个商人，故选C。A、B、D三项对照原文可知，都是错误选项。2. A。细节理解题。根据倒数第四段But because he hated the fact that his invention dynamite