化学选修3第1-3知识点.doc

1231361136288.6%99.7%1218053190441911a56KLMN1H12He23Li214Be225B236C247N258O269F2710Ne28111Na28212Mg28313Al28414Si28515P28616S28717Cl28818Ar28819K288120Ca2882KLMNn12341s2s2p3s3p3d4s4p4d5f22626102610142818321sspdf23s2p6d10f1442n2P51191920P6121s2s2p3s3p4s3d4pP6P7P13124P1378 88.6%99.7%1sspdf23s2p6d10f1442n2P6121s2s2p3s3p4s3d4p136 1231212113626132126351sspdf23s2p6d10f1442n21s2s2p3s3p4s3d4p1s22s12p2 1s12p5P136 90% s1122p3px pypz326d55210pP12114122P1335 1sspdf23s2p6d10f1442n21s2s2p3s3p4s3d4p 90% 2p 1211IAIIAIALiBeBCNOFNe0Li1s22s11s22s21s22s22p11s22s22p21s22s22p31s22s22p41s22s22p51s22s22p6NeNaNe3s1Ne3s23p6ArKAr4s1Ar3d104s24p6KrRbKr5s1Kr4d105s25p6XeCsXe6s1Xe4f145d106s26p6RnFr*Rn7s112881832321s1s282183sdpsdds5s12d8310p61318ds1112dsds211Cu12Znsddsd40sp56P2414P2473 IAIIA125s12d8310p61318ds11124210201DA1molBH0H0CDH0CH2571.6kJ/mol D36g132L2molN210molH2N23H2 2NH32minN21molCAVN20.25mol?L1?min1 BVH20.75mol?L1?min1CVNH31mol?L1?min1 DVNH30.50mol?L1?min1141103kPa298K2molH2484kJAAH2Og=H2g1/2O2g H+242kJ/molB2H2gO2g=2H2Ol H484kJ/molC2H2gO2g=2H2Og H484kJ/molB2H2gO2g=2H2Og H484kJ/mol15BDACO(g)2H2(g) =CH3OH(g) BCaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+CO2+H2OCC(s)+O2(g)=CO2(g) D2HgO(s)=2Hg(l)+O2(g)16CACs1/2O2(g)=COg H110.5kJ/molBCH4g2O2g=CO2g2H2Og H802.3kJ/molCSsO2(g)=SO2g H296.9kJ/molD1/2N2H4(g)+1/2O2(g)=1/2N2(g)+H2O(l) H311kJ/mol17 CD ABCD18DAFe+3H2OFe(OH)3+3H BClH2OHClOHCHCO3H2O CO32-+H3O+ DNH42H2ONH3?H2OH3O19 AD A1mol/Lc(H+) 1102mol/L BC10mL1mol/L10mL1mol/LNaOHD20CAB CD21HInHInH+In 0.02mol?L1C NaCl NaHSO4 NaHCO3 A B C D22100ml 0.1mol/L50ml 0.2mol/LAAc(Na)c(CH3COO)c(OH)c(H+) Bc(Na)c(CH3COO)c(H+)c(OH)Cc(Na)c(CH3COO)c(H+)=c(OH) Dc(Na)=c(CH3COO)c(OH)c(H+)232ZnO2=2ZnOBA BZn2eZn2C D24Ag3Bg2CgCABCD253Fe(s)+4H2O(g) Fe3O4(s)+4H2(g) A C AFe BCN2 DN226A(s)+2B(g)C(g)+D(g) BC A BCB D27aAgbBg B60 (C)A BACB Dab281molCOCO+H2OCO2+H2n(CO2)=0.6mol4molCO2CA0.6mol B1mol C0.6mol1mol D1mol292X(g)+Y(g) 2Z(g) H0T1T2p1p2Zn(Z)tCAT1T2 , p1p2BT1p2 CT1T2 , p1p2DT1T2 , p1p21234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829433011.2LCO2H2O44.8kJ431H2V t6 V1Ot12t1t2 O t1 t232ABCDABCDABACDCD_3336A B C D_3410I CsO2g=CO2g HQ1 kJ/molII CsH2Og=COgH2g HQ2kJ/molCOg1/2O2g=CO2g HQ3kJ/molH2g1/2O2g=H2Og HQ4kJ/mol1COH2COH242Q1Q2Q3Q4_43II2352A(g)B(g)D(g)BD0Amol/Lmin15 010203040506018001.00.800.570.500.500.500.502800C20.600.500.500.500.500.503800C30.920.750.630.600.600.6048201.00.400.250.200.200.200.20111020 322Ac2 202 6441 5123456789103875229131511111213141516171819209140161161014124212223242526272829856107121934 123IAVIIA0 IAIIAIIIAIVAVAVIAVIIA01HHe2LiBeBCN