李大钊导游词.docx

（翻译：北京三十五中 高一（1）班 李矛宁）The introduction to the original display陈列 of theBeijingformer residence of Li Dazhao北京是李大钊的第二故乡，在他不满38岁的一生中，有十年在北京度过，是他短暂而光辉的一生中最辉煌的时期。李大钊自1916年自日本留学回到北京至1927年就义，先后迁居过8处住所。最初两年，李大钊仅一人在京，加上工作变动频繁，所居住过的地方时间都很短暂，较长一些的也不过半年左右。李大钊任职北京大学以后，每月有120元的收入。本可以过上小康的生活。但李大钊没有购置房产的打算，因为他对收入有另外的安排。就是济他人困难，助公益事业。1920年春天，李大钊租下石驸马后宅35号，暑假后接家人在这个院子里长住，开始有稳定的家庭居住地。这是一座院落的后院，自成一体的三合院，有正房3间，东、西耳房各2间，东、西厢房各3间。共计13间房。As the second hometown of LiDazhao,Beijing wasthe place in which he spent 10 years(hisentire life less then 38 years)of living.This wasthe most glorious period of his ephemeral（I fai me rou 短暂的） but brilliantlife. Fromhis returnto Beijing in 1916 after his study in Japanto his sacrifice in 1927, Li ever stayed in 8 locations. In the first 2 years, due to his frequent changes in his work, andthe reason that he lived in Beijing alone, Lis stay in each residencewas short, the longest of whichno more than half a year.Since hehadgot the job at PKU（Peking University）, he receivedhis monthly income of120yuan, enough for him to enjoy the life ofcomfort. However,rather thanpurchasingthe house property产权、所有权, Li made greatest use of his salary in helping others get rid of the difficulties and dedicating智力、献身 to the public good. In the spring of the year 1920, Li rent the house of no.35 of Shifuma Backyard, starting having his stable residence where Li brought his familyliving after the summer vacation.This is the backyard of a courtyard, an independent three-house yard(Sanheyuan), including 3north rooms,2northeast rooms and 2 northwest rooms、3east rooms and 3 west rooms, a total of 13 rooms.第一部分堂屋：餐厅、接待室兼李大钊全家人的活动场所Thenorth room:the dining room, anteroom as well as the place for family activities堂屋是餐厅、接待室兼李大钊全家人的活动场所。在这间屋子里，曾经接待过陈独秀、邓中夏、梁漱溟、章士钊和吴弱男夫妇等众多同志和友人。Thenorth roomservedasthe dining room, anteroom堂屋、接待室as well as the place for family activities. In this room,Li ever discussed issues（问题）with comradesand friends such asChen Duxiu,Deng Zhongxia,Liang Shuming, Zhang Shizhao, and Wu Ruonan couple etc.李大钊是“少年中国学会”主要发起人之一，学会的宗旨是有志青年，振兴中华。因为经常要与会员取得联系，家庭地址总要及时告诉大家。这则消息刊登在学会机关刊物少年中国第2卷第4期上，时间为1920年10月。Li was one of the founders of the Youth China academywhich aimed at reviving China bythe youth with aspiration（愿望）. For the reason of keeping contact with the members of the association（协会）, Li had to inform every member his family address. This piece of news was carried in thefourthsessionof second volume of academy（学院）s periodical Youth China in 1920.10.当时，大学教授在社会上的地位很高，北京大学教授家中都有电话。那时，北京电话分东、西两局。李大钊家的电话号码是西局2257号。胡适家的电话，则是东局2429号，At that time, the professors enjoyed a high reputation in the society. The PKU professorswereall equipped with a telephone at home. All the telephone numbers in Beijing were under control ofeitherthe east bureau or the west bureau. The telephone number of Lis home was 2257, west, while the number of Hu Shi was 2429,east.第二部分西耳房：李星华的住室The northwest room: the bedroom of Li Xinghua这是李大钊的长女李星华的卧室。李星华在这里居住时刚满9岁，她每天跟随哥哥葆华到孔德学校上学。This is the bedroom of Lis eldest daughter Li Xinghua. She was 9 years old when she began to live here. She went to KongDe school with herelder brother Li Baohua everyday.李大钊十分喜爱星华，总叫她星儿。在紧张的教学和工作之余，李大钊经常为孩子们写儿歌，和家人下军棋，做文明游戏，给他们讲革命的道理。这是李大钊写给星儿的鼓励语：“欲求精神好，身体运动不可少。课后食毕常运动，勿畏烦和劳。身体健、体力高，看我将来做英豪。”Li liked her very much,often calling her“my little xiner”.After the busy works, Li often wrote the lyricsofchildrens songs, playing chess and games with the family, telling them the revolutionary truth. The encouragement Li gave to his daughter goes like this:on seeking for a good mood,youcant drop the body exercise; often doing sports after class and meal,youought to bear the boringness andtiredness; with the good health and strength,youwill be the hero.星华回忆我的父亲李大钊中写有：下雨天，父亲教我们唱“少年先锋队歌”，这段回忆，曾选入小学课本。Li Xinghua wrote in the book Recalling my father Li Dazhao:“It was a rainy day. My father taught us to singtheGroup song of the Young Pioneers.”This piece of remembrance had ever been selectedinto thecourse ofprimary schools.第三部分北房东屋：李大钊夫妇的卧室The northeast room: thebedroomof the Li Dazhao couple李大钊与夫人赵纫兰于1899年结婚，婚后真正生活在一起的日子多是学校寒、暑假期。赵纫兰比李大钊大6岁，识字不多，在家服侍祖父，抚养子女，支持革命事业，含辛茹苦。李大钊、赵纫兰共同生活27年，在故居之外生活最长久的日子，就是在这院子、这房间。Li Dazhao and hiswife Zhao Renlan got married in1899.It was often during the winter and summer vacationthatthey lived together after their marriage.Zhao, almostilliterate文盲的、不识字的,6 years elder than Li,spent her timeservingfor Lis grandparents, raising their children,giving support for Lis revolutionary career, enduring hardships.They lived at this place together for 27 years, the second longest period after their living at the hometown.据李葆华回忆：“到北京后，母亲又接连生下弟弟光华、妹妹钟华。”“在我的印象中，父亲从来没有抽过烟，酒喝一点，但不多。家里曾有一幅画鸭子的画，上面题有水暖鸭先知”。这幅画非常有意义，寓意着在中国最黑暗的年代里，已经有人感觉到了黑暗中孕育着黎明的曙光。Li Baohua recalled like this:“On arriving at Beijing, mother gave birth to younger brother Li Guanghua and younger sister LiZhonghua.”“In myimpression, father never smoked, nor did he drank too much, though he drank a littleThere was a Chinese style painting in our home. It portrays描绘、扮演the ducks swimming on the river, with the title being the line of an ancient Chinese poem(The duck knows first when the river becomes warm in spring.),symbolizing that, in the darkest period of Chinese history, there had already been someone who perceived感知、认为 the light of hope concealed隐蔽的、隐匿的 within the darkness.”李大钊将明代杨继盛的“铁肩担道义，辣手著文章”改为：“铁肩担道义，妙手著文章”。并书写此联多次，分别送给杨子惠和吴弱男。家中也一直悬挂此联。现在已经成为李大钊一生精神风范的写照。Li Dazhao changed the line:“The strong shoulder undertakes the responsibility. Thecritical hands writes the article”(written byYang Jishengof Ming dynasty) to“The strong shoulder undertakes the responsibility.The skillful hands write the article.”.Li copiedthis linefor several times,then sending each piece to Yang Zihui and Wu Ruonan, as well as suspending this line at home. This line has now become the reflection of the spirit of Li Dazhaos life.第四部分东耳房：炎华、光华、钟华住室The northeast room：The bedroom of Li Yanhua, Li Guanghua, and Li Zhonghua这里是李大钊的二女儿李炎华和次子李光华的卧室。李光华于1923年1月12日出生，在这间房子里学会说话和走路。This is the bedroom of Lis second son Li Guanghua and daughter and Li Yanhua. Li Guanghua was born on 1923.1.12. He learned to speak and walk in this room.李大钊还有过小女儿钟华，李葆华回忆：“小妹钟华在父亲从广州开完国民党一大回来后病死了，得的是白喉，医生没看出来，以为是肺炎，结果耽误了，死时才1岁多。”星华回忆：“医生最后宣告：病已经治迟了。第二天中午，小钟华停止了呼吸，和我们永别了。小钟华死后，父亲很悲痛。埋葬了小钟华以后，父亲又投入了紧张的战斗生活。”Li ever had a baby daughter Li Zhonghua. Li Baohua recalled:“Our youngest sister Zhonghua died of diphtheria, which the doctor considered as pneumonia instead of giving correctjudgment. As aresult, the diagnosis was delayed, leading to her death. She was only 1 year old.”Li Xinghua recalled:“The doctor finally announced that the ailment小病、不安 was too late to give treatment.In the following noon, little Zhonghua departed from usforever.After her death, father was in great grief. Soon afterburring her, father once again devoted to his busy revolutionarywork.”第五部分东厢房北屋：李葆华的住室The north room of east room:the bedroom of Li Baohua这是李大钊的长子李葆华的卧室，李葆华从11岁到15岁在这里居住，在孔德学校读书，是他与父亲共同生活时间最长的地方。This is bedroom of Lis eldest son Li Baohua who had lived here from 11 to 15 years old, the longest period living with his father when he was educated at Kongde school.李大钊注重对子女的教育，希望他们成为“遇山不愁、逢水不惧”的革命者。1923年，鲁迅的短篇小说集呐喊出版后及时赠给了李大钊，李大钊十分珍视此书。特别地对孩子们谈论了这本书的价值，让他们认真地读它。Li Dazhao attachesgreat importance to their kidseducation,hoping them to become the revolutionaries withpersistenceand gallance. In 1923, Luxuns collection of short novelsCall to armswas bestowed to Li soon after its publishing. Li extremely cherished this work, discussing particularly on its valuewith his children, letting his kidsreading this book seriously.东厢房南屋：客房The southeastroom:the guest room这是李大钊家的客房。时常有青年朋友和党内同志到李大钊的家中，住到这里，就和在自己家一样。在这间房里，留下过于树德、翟秋白、邓中夏、陈乔年、赵世炎、罗章龙、高君宇、张太雷、刘仁静、陈愚生、秦德君、邓培等许多名留青史人物的生活足迹。This is the guest room. There were oftenvisitors including the young friends as well ascomradesof the party coming to Lis home, staying here as if it were their own home.In this room, there are footprintsof the famous historicalfigures likeYu Shude, Zhao Qiubai, Deng Zhongxia, Chen Qiaonian, Zhao Shiyan, Luo Zhanglong, Gao Junyu, Zhang Tailei, Liu Renjing, Chen Yusheng, Qin Dejun, Deng Pei etc.张太雷的夫人王一知曾回忆：1922年冬季，“我在他家中住了近一个月，这是我终生难忘的一段生活。”“他圆圆的脸，面色有点苍白，细细的眼睛，留着胡子。脸上总是露出笑容。他穿着一件灰色的旧棉袍，一点架子也没有。”Wang Yizhi, Zhang Taileis wife, once recalled:“In the winter of 1922, I stayed in his house for a month, which was the mostmemorabletime of my life.”“His face was round, a littlepallid, with beard. His eyes are long and thin. He was always with a smile. Dressed in anold grey robe, he appeared to be equal with everyone without a sense of arrogant.”李葆华在我的回忆中写道：“记得父亲还给我二舅赵小峰写了寒雨连江夜入吴，平明送客楚山孤；洛阳亲友如相问，一片冰心在玉壶。一诗。”唐代诗人王昌龄的诗句是李大钊高尚品德的写照。LiBaohua wrote in My remembrance:“I remembered that my father copied the poem:With this cold night-rain hiding the river， you have come into Wu.In the level dawn， all alone， you will be starting for the mountains of Chu.Answer， if they ask of me at Loyang.“One-hearted as ice in a crystal vase.”Hesent it to my uncle Zhao Xiaofeng.”This poem reflects Lis noble morality.第六部分西厢房：李大钊的书房The west room: Lis reading room这是李大钊的书房，一大代表包惠僧在回忆李大钊中这样描述：“这间房子是三小间合成的一大间，靠着三面墙壁陈设着四个大书架，上面摆满了书籍，有中文的，也有外文的。靠窗户的这一面，有一个相当大的写字台，写字台对过有两张条桌，条桌上面堆满了报纸和杂志，也同书籍一样，中国、外国的都有。”This is thereading room of Li Dazhao,which was described byBao Huizeng,therepresentativeof the member of thefirst annualof national congress of CCP like this:“This house is a big one consisted of three smaller rooms. There are four big book shelves, all of which are piled with books in both Chinese and foreign languages,displayed by the sides of three walls.By this side of the window, theres a quite big desk, opposite of which, there are 2 tables piled with newspapers and magazines, either Chinese or foreign, just like his books.”在这里，李大钊写出的文章，涉及历史学、法学、政治学、教育学、伦理学和民族问题、妇女问题以及图书馆建设等，为中国现代文化领域做出了开创性建树。It is here that the articles Li wrote rangedwidely amonghistory, law, politics, education, ethics,issues concerning ethnic groups and womens liberation from thefeudality（feel dai li ti）封建制度, and the construction of libraries, etc, making unprecedented contributions to the field of the modern Chinese culture.在这里，李大钊主持过党的会议，接待过文化名人、朋友、青年学生。这里是李大钊和青年朋友谈心的地方，更是同志们的聚会地。It is here that Li held meetings of the party, meeting with theculturalcelebrities, friends, and young students, as well as theplacewhere Li not only talked heart-to-heart with young friends, but also gather with comrades of the party.少年中国的这两期内容中，记载了少年中国学会北京部分会员在这里举行的会议。According to the records in the periodical Youth China,a meeting was held by part of the members of the academy.罗章龙在回忆文章中记载1921年12月11日，在这里召开工作会议，由罗章龙汇报陇海路罢工情况。为了庆祝罢工胜利，大家弹琴、唱歌、讲故事、说笑话。这种情况，一直到后来党组织在陶然亭有了聚会活动的地点才改变。According to the records of the memoirsof Luo Zhanglong, on 1921.12.11, Luo reported the situation of the strike of Longhai railway on the meeting held here. On celebratingthe success of the strike, they played instruments, sang songs, told stories, made jokes. It wasnt until the party organizationchoseTaorantingastheplace for gatheringthat such situation changed.1923年3月30日，马林（斯内夫利特）在他的回忆录中也记载了在这里召开党的会议的情况。Malinalso recorded in hismemoirsabout the meeting held in 1923.3.30.结语The summary从1920年春至1924年1月，李大钊一家在这里居住将近四年，是李大钊在故乡之外与家人生活时间最长的一处居所。这四年无论对李大钊还是对他的家人，都非常重要。李大钊自己非常喜欢这处住宅，这里是他与妻子、儿女生活在一起最快乐、最开心的地方。李大钊的次子光华、幼女钟华出生在这里，他的长子葆华、长女星华都是在这里耳濡目染，最终走上了革命的道路。李星华后来曾有回忆说：石驸马大街后宅35号院，是父亲李大钊及全家人“深深留恋的故居”。温馨的家庭生活，紧张的工作，成就了李大钊第一次辉煌，也为我们留下了丰厚的遗产。请继续参观。From the spring of 1920s to 1924.1, Li and his family had lived here for nearly 4 years. This was the residenceinwhich his whole family had lived the longest time(the longest of which was his hometown).Thesefour years is very important no matter to Li or his family. Li liked the house himself, for this was the place where the whole family spent the most wonderful time of their lifetime. Itwas here that Lis second son Li Guanghua and his baby daughter Li Zhonghua were born,that Lis eldest son and daughter Li Baohua and Li Zhonghua were greatly influenced by their fathersspirit, which leadsthem to devote themselves to the revolution.Li Xinghua recalled in her later years that this place, the no.35 of Shifuma street, was the“residence they deeply missed”. The cozy family life, the busy work, and so onpush forth all ofLi Dazhaos achievements in this period, abounding rich spiritual heritages for us to see.Please continue our visit.“李大钊在19201924”北京李大钊故居专题展览的讲解词Li Dazhao from 1920 to1924The introduction of the special exhibition of Lis former residence北京李大钊故居是李大钊短暂而光辉的一生中最具代表性的历史见证之一。本展览选取李大钊1920年春1924年1月的工作、生活片断，重点介绍李大钊传播马克思主义、创建中国共产党、促成第一次国共合作等一系列革命实践活动，再现伟人当年的风采，展现他伟大的人格魅力。 The residence of Li Dazhao in Beijing is one of the most representationalwitnessesof the short but brilliant life of Li Dazhao. This exhibition selects the parts of his work and life from the spring of 1920 to January 1924, focusing on the introduction of his spread of Marxism, the founding of the Communist partyofChina, promoting thecorporationbetween KMT and CCP, and other revolutionarypracticesetc, reappearing thebearings of this great man, showing his great personalities.第七部分少年立志投身革命The seventh partDeterminination to the devotionofthe revolutionas a youth清光绪十五年（公元1889年）10月29日，李大钊出生在河北省唐山乐亭县大黑坨村。李大钊出生前的6个月，父亲李任荣病故，不满两周岁时，母亲去世。祖父李如珍对小孙儿期盼甚高，管教甚严，三岁起教识字，四岁教书写。七岁起先后在本村私塾和邻村学馆读书。On 10.29, Guangxu 15 years (1889 AD), Li Dazhao was born in Daheituo village, Leting county, Hebei province.Six months before his birth, his father, Li Renrong, died. When he was less than 2 years old, his mother also passed way. His grandfather, Li Ruzhen, gave great expectations to his grandson, thus educated Li Dazhao with strictdiscipline. Li Ruzhen taught Li Dazhao to read at the age of 3 and write at 4, sending him to Sishu(traditional Chinese private school)atthe local village and later to another school at theneighboringvillageat 7.1905年，16岁的李大钊考入永平府中学堂，学习科学知识和英文。1907年9月考入六年制的天津北洋法政专门学校。接受了系统的政法教育，参加了法政学会的活动。在言治发表的隐忧篇、大哀篇等文章“浑厚磅礴为全校之冠”。In 1905,enrolled by the Yongpingfu school, Li Dazhao,16, began learning science and English.In 1907.9, he entered the six-year Beiyang academic schoolof law and politics, getting the systematic education of politics and law,participatingin the activities of the academy of law and politics.In the magazineYan Zhi言治，Li publishedYinyoupian隐忧篇、Daaipian大哀篇, remarked as“vigorous and majestic, being the crown of all the articles of school”.1913年，李大钊考入日本早稻田大学政治本科，参加留日学生总会的爱国斗争，开始接触社会主义思想和马克思主义学说。1916年因反对日本支持袁世凯复辟而归国。In 1913, Li went to study inWasedaUniversity in Japanas an undergraduate, major in politics. There, he took part in the patrioticcampaignof the Chinesestudentsunionand first came to notice the socialist thought and Marxism. In 1916, Li returned to China as an action against the Japanese-supportedrestorationof Yuan Shikai.李大钊从日本回国后，1916年月，李大钊应邀创办晨钟报，接受章世钊邀请，任甲寅日刊编辑。月日在新青年第二卷第一号发表青春，集中反映出他的爱国热忱。In 1916.7, Li was invited to set up the Morning clockjournal.Also, accepting Zhang Shizhaos invitation, Li worked as the editor of JiaYin Daily. On 9.1, hepublished the article The youthin thefirst sessionof the second volume of the magazine The youth, reflecting directly his patrioticfervor.1917年11月11日，李大钊从南京回到北京，俄国十月革命的消息已经传到中国。迎着北来的“春风”，1918年1月，在章士钊的推荐下，蔡元培聘请李大钊任北京大学图书馆主任，北京大学遂成为宣传新文化新思想的阵地。In 1917.11.11，Li returned from Nanjing to Beijing when the news of the RussianOctoberRevolution came to China. Feeling the spring breeze coming from the north, in 1918.1, with therecommendationof Zhang Shizhao, Li was appointed as the chief of the PKU library,thusmaking PKU the fort of spreading the new culture and thought.传播马克思主义1919年7月，李大钊在新青年第六卷第五号、第六号发表我的马克思主义观，共约26000多字。这是我国最早的系统地全面介绍马克思主义基本原理的重要著作。把唯物史观、政治经济学、科学社会主义这三个马克思主义的组成部分联系起来加以论述，它是李大钊成为马克思主义者的重要标志。The spread of MarxismIn 1919.7, Li published the article My Marxist Ideology, a total of 26,000 words. As the first work in China introducing the basic principles of Marxism thoroughly andsystematically, itconnectsthe three consisting partsof Marxism (the materialist ideology of history, the politics and economy, the scientific socialism) together, symbolizing Lis conversion to Marxism.李大钊组织有志于研究马克思主义的青年，在北京景山东街号创办“亢慕义斋”，即德文“共产主义小屋”，设有英、德、法三个翻译组。认真、准确地翻译马克思、恩格斯、列宁等人的著作，研究他们的思想理论。到1922年月，已有英文书籍数百册，报刊上百种。出版了中文版的马克思主义经典著作共产党宣言等。Li Dazhao organized the youth aiming at the research of Marxism, setting up the Kangmuyi House(theChinesepronunciationfor theGermanphrasetheCommunistHouse) at no.2 of Jingshan East street. Not only were there three groups translatingfrom English, German, and Frenchaccordinglythe works of Marx, Engels, Lenin, etc, seriously and correctly, but they study theirtheoriesand thoughts as well. By 1922.4,overhundredkindsof newspapers, magazines and books in Englishas well as the Chinese version of the great masterpiece of MarxismThedeclaration of the Communist Partywere published.1920年月日，北京大学评议会全体通过议定：李大钊为教授兼图书馆主任。这一时期，李大钊在北京大学的工作开始从图书馆向教学转移，在北京大学等高等院校开设先后开设多门新课程，有社会主义与社会运动、唯物史观、史学思想史、史学要论等，并开设现代政治讲座、指导学生实习。In 1920.7.8, the assessment committee of PKU passed theproposalunanimouslythat Li Dazhao being the