灵通三重难点.doc

灵通三重难点 1. 在like(喜欢)的后面我们一般是加动词的-ing形式或是加to的不定式（即在like和其后动词原形之间加to），千万不要直接把动词放在like之后。eg: I like to swim. 或 I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。 其中主语I可以用you, we, he, she, it来替换. 例句中画线部分可用其他动词或动词词组来替换，如：play the guitar; run; sing2.主语陈述句一般疑问句回答肯定否定I我I play baseball.Do I play baseball?Yes, you do.No, you dont.You你You play baseball.Do you play baseball?Yes, I do.No, I dont.He他He plays baseball.Does he play baseball?Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.She她She plays baseball.Does she play baseball?Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.You你们You play baseball.Do you play baseball?Yes, we do.No, we dont.They 他们They play baseball.Do they play baseball?Yes, they do.No, they dont.We我们we play baseball.Do we play baseball?Yes, you do.No, you dont.请注意这是不同主语下的句子，特别要注意主语如果是he, she时，其后所跟的动词谓语要有特殊变化。在一般句子中动词通常会在词尾加 s；个别以-o结尾的单词要加 es，如：do does , go goes；还有个别特殊的词如：have has。因为此时主语是第三人称单数。请记住第三人称单数一般有：1.“他、她、它”he, she, it. 2.名字及称呼，如：Lily, Jim, my father, my teacher.还有一点要注意的就是在一般疑问句里不管是在do或是在does后都要接动词原形！3.请记住以下方位词behind在之后; in front of 在之前; next to在旁边; in在里面; on在上面 under 在下面;eg: Wheres the pencil? Its in the bag. The meat is in front of the chicken.(注意以上例句中划线部分可用其他词来替换,黑体词可以用其他方位次来替换.)4.问 句回 答What are you doing?Im reading.What are they doing?Theyre reading.Whats she doing?Shes reading.Whats he doing?Hes reading.表示说话时正在发生或进行着的动作, 通常在英语里称作现在进行时其基本构成是is (am, are)+ (动词+ing). 在上表中划线部分可以用其他动词-ing形式来替换。一般来说是直接在be动词后的动词上加-ing, 但有些动词需要双写最后一个字母在加-ing, 例如swimswimming；有些动词要去掉最后一个字母-e再加-ing，例如：rideriding5. 一般情况下常做的事过去做的事特殊疑问句What do you do?What do they do?What do you do?(you 你们)What does she/he do?What did you do yesterday?What did they do yesterday?What did you do yesterday?What did she/he do yesterday?陈述句I play soccer.They play soccer.We play soccer.She / He plays soccer.I played soccer. (表过去一般动词后加 ed)They played soccer.We played soccer.She / He played soccer.一般疑问句Do you play soccer?Do they play soccer?Do you play soccer?Does she / he play soccer?Did you play soccer? (在did后所有的动词用原来形式)Did they play soccer?Did you play soccer?Did she / he play soccer?简单回答Yes, I do. No, I dont. Yes, I did. No, I didnt.Yes, they do.No, they dont.Yes, they did.No, they didnt.Yes, we do.No, we dont.Yes, we did.No, we didnt.Yes, she / he does.No, she / he doesnt.Yes, she / he did.No, she / he didnt.注：在第一句中划线部分的人称还可以用I , they, he, she 来直接替换，当然回答也要有相应的变化。但是后两个人称he, she是第三人称单数，如果是用于替换一般情况下常做的事中的画线部分，请注意动词第三人称单数的变化。在英语里如果是表示过去的动词，其动词一般情况下要加-ed；但是英语里也有很多动词是属于不规则的动词，其后面就不可以直接加-ed。如do did have had，请看下列本册中所出现的几个不规则动词的变法一定知道它们的读音喔，并一定要牢记它们！get got eat ate say said go went make made read read write wrote draw drew6.主语形容词性物主代词第一人称单数I 我My我的第二人称单数You你Your你的第三人称单数He他His他的She她Her她的It它Its它的第一人称复数We我们Our我们的第二人称复数You你们Your你们的第三人称复数They他们Their他们的注意：1. 主语一般是句子中动作的发出者，如，I play football.我踢足球。2. 形容词性物主代词后面往往要接一个名词，如，my book我的书。6. 星期与月份的缩写一至十二月份January Jan. February Feb. March Mar. April Apr. August Aug. September Sept. November Nov. December Dec. 注意：月份的第一个字母要大写，其前面不加冠词，一般情况下缩略形式取该词的前三个字母，但May, June和July没有略写形式。“.”不能省略！ 星期的缩写形式Monday Mon. Tuesday Tue. Wednesday Wed. Thursday Thu. Friday Fri. Saturday Sat. Sunday Sun. (“.”不能省略！)7.英语中时刻的表达法（写法及读法）：（1）如果时间是整点，就用“钟点数+ oclock”这种形式表达，oclock可省略。eg: 十一点表示为eleven oclock或eleven,也可以直接写成11：00（2）“几点几分”有两种读法： a. 顺读法：与汉语语序相同，按几点几分的顺序来读，即先读“钟点”，后读“分钟”都用基数词，见数就读，直接读出。eg: 12:20表示为 twelve twenty 9:35表示为 nine thiry-five 8:05表示为 eight o five注意：如果分钟是个位数应在个位数前面加o读作/u/b. 逆读法：与汉语语序相反，即先说分钟数，后说钟点数。若分钟数在30以内，用“分钟数+past+钟点数”表达；意为“点过分”eg: 8:05表示为：five past eight 7:10 表示为：ten past seven若分钟大于30，用“分钟数（60减去已知分钟数）+ to +钟点数（已知钟点数加1）”表示；即“点差分”eg: 8:40表示为：twenty to