人教版新课标九年级10.11单元学案.doc

学案 学科： 英语 年 级九年级 教 学内 容Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. Unit 11 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are ?重 点难 点宾语从句 教 学目 标宾语从句以及用法教学过程课前检查与交流作业完成情况：交流与沟通：针 对 性 授 课Unit101. 过去完成时(1) 构成：由助动词had + 过去分词 构成 否定式：had not + 过去分词 缩写形式：hadnt (2) 用法:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。 (3) 它所表示的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用by, before 等构成的短语来表示也可以用when, before, after 等引导的时间状语从句来表示 还可以通过宾语从句或通过上下文暗示。When I got there, you had already eaten you meal. 当我到达那里时，你已经开始了。By the time he got here, the bus had left. 到他到达这里时，汽车已经离开了2. by the time 直到时候 指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间 如：By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper. 在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。3. 英语中表示“把某物遗忘在某处”常用 leave + 地点 ,而不是forget+地点 如：Unluckily, I left my book at home不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。4. close v. 关 adv. 接近地 靠近地 closed adj. 关的5. come out 出来 6. on time 按时 准时 既不早也不迟 in time 及时 指在时限到来之前7. luckily adv. 幸运地 lucky adj. 幸运的 luck n. 好运8. give sb. a ride 让某搭便车 如： He often gives me a ride to school. 他经常让我搭便车去学校。9.only just 刚刚好、恰好 10. go off (闹钟)闹响 The alarm went off just now. 刚才警钟响了。11. break down 坏掉 12. fool n. 傻子 呆子 v. 愚弄 欺骗 如： He is a fool. 他是一个呆子。 We cant fool our teach. 我们不能欺骗我们的教师。(动词)13. show up 出现 出席 She didnt show up last night. 昨晚她没有出现14. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某做事 如： My friend invited me to watch TV. 我的朋友邀请我看电视。15. set off 激起 出发 set up 建立16. so that 如此以致于引导结果状语从句，so后面接形容词、副词.so that作“为了”时，引导目的状语从句，从句常出现情态动词， 作结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用情态动词 。如：She got up early so that she could catch the bus. 为了能赶上车，她起得很早。(目的状语从句) She was so sad that she couldnt say a word. 她悲伤得一句话也说不出来。(结果状语从句)17. flee from 从逃跑 避开 如：They fled from their home. 他们从他们的家里逃了出来。18. thrill v . 使人非常激动，使人非常紧张 thrilled adj. 指某人感到激动或感到紧张 thrilling adj. 指某事物使人心情激动19. get married 结婚20. convince v. 使信服 convincing adj. 令人信服的21. land v. 着落22. be late for 迟到23. a piece of 一片/块/张 如： a piece of paper/ bread 一张纸/ 一块面包Unit111.宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语构成 常由下面的一些连接词引导： 由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 由if , whether 引导 表示一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等) I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。 由连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗？ 从句时态要与主句一致 当主句是一般现在时，从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？当主句是一般过去时，从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时,过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。 I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。She wanted to know if I had finished m homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来？2. get v. 得到、买、到达3. make a telephone call 打电话 4. save money 省钱、存钱 5. 问路常用的句子： Do you know where is ? Can you tell me how can I get to ?Could you tell me how to get to ？Can/Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客气地询问事情Could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗？中的how to get to the park 是疑问词与动词不定式连用，用作宾语，但不是宾语从句，可是相当于how I can get to the park（宾语从句）如：I dont know how to solve the problem. = I dont know how I can solve the problem.我不知道如何解决这个问题 Can you tell me when to leave? = Can you tell me when I ill leave? 你能告诉我什么时候离开？6. 日常交际用语： take the elevator / escalator to the floor.乘电梯/自动扶梯到楼 turn left / right = take a left / right 向左/ 右转 go past 经过 go straight 向前直走7. next to 旁边、紧接着 如：Lily is next to Ann. 莉莉就在安的旁边。8. between and 在和之间 如: Lily is between Ann and Tom. 莉莉就在安和汤姆的之间。9. decide to do 决定做 She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。 decide v. decision n. make a decision 做个决定10. Is that a good place to hang out? 那是不是一个闲荡的好地方？ 中的to hang out修饰前面名词place，不定式作定语. 如：There are something to eat. 这有吃的东西。中的to eat修饰代词something，作定语.11. kind of +adj./ adv. 译为“有点、一点”如： She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。12. expensive 贵的 反义词 inexpensive 不贵的13. crowded 拥挤的 反义词 uncrowded 不拥挤的14. take a vacation = go on a vacation 去度假15. dress up 打扮 dress up as 打扮成. 如：He wanted to dress up as Father Christmas.他想要打扮成圣诞老人。16. on the beach 在海滩上 的介词用 on17. politely adv. 有礼貌地 polite adj. 有礼貌的18. depend on sth / doing / 从句 根据、依靠、依赖、决定于 Living things depend on the sunlight.生物对阳光有依赖性。 We cant depend on his answer. 我们不能根据他的回答。 That depends on how you did it. 那决定于你怎样做这件事。19. prefer动词 更喜欢 宁愿 常用的结构有： prefer sth. 更喜欢某事 I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。 prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事 I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。 prefer sth to sth. 同相比更喜欢 I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。 prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着 prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。20. on the other hand 另一方面21.把借给某人lend sb. sth. lend sth.to sb. 如： Lily lent me her book. = Lily lent her book to me .莉莉把她的书借给了我。22. such as23. Im sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。24. in a way 在某种程度说25. in order to do 为了做 表目的 如： He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他起早床，是为了赶上头班公共汽车。26. 等级/同级比较：asas ， not as/soasas + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as 表示“和一样的”“和一样的” 如：He works as hard as we. 他工作和我们同样努力。否定式：not as + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as = not so + 形容词/ 副词原级 + as He doesnt work as / so hard as we. 他工作没有我们那样努力。27. hand in 上交语法复习（一）主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。一个句子中主谓一致，通常指三个基本原则：语法一致，即形式上一致；概念一致，即概念或意念上的一致；毗邻一致，即谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。一、 语法一致原则1、 在通常情况下，一个句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。即主语为单数形式，谓语也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语也为复数形式。如：This exercise on English idioms is not easy.这个英语短语练习不容易。2、 在“there be”结构中，“be”的单复数取决与后面主语的数.如： There has been little change in this city.这个城市没有多少变化。3、“one of”结构，位于用单数，“two of”结构位于用复数One of the things I want to do is traveling.我想做的一件事是去旅行。Two of the boys have lost their way home.有两个男孩回家迷路了。3、 倒装句的主语在谓语之后，避免误用。Never before has she been to Paris!她以前从未去过巴黎。二、 概念一致1、 主语是抽象概念、短语或从句，谓语用单数形式。如：To tell lies is wrong.说谎是不正确的。（不定式做主语）Keeping the house is a tiring job.管理家务是一件很劳累的事。（动名词做主语）How this happened is not clear to anyone.(从句做主语)注意：（1） 用what或which引导的主语从句或简单句中的数的概念取决于后面的表语，因为它们在逻辑上的意义是相同的。如： Which is your seat?你的座位是哪一个？ Which are your seats?你们的座位是哪些？（2） 单个的分词作主语，不定式作主语，以及主语从句，谓语都用单数，若用连接上述的相同两个成分，谓语才用复数。2、 两个或两个以上的主语用and和both连接时，谓语用复数形式。3、 and连接的并列主语指同一人或同一样东西，and后的名词前没有冠词，谓语用单数；若有，则用复数。如：My best friend and adviser has changed his mind again.我的密友兼顾问又改变他的想法了。 My friend and the student Sue are in the classroom.我的朋友和那位叫苏的同学在教室里。a. 若and后面加not,谓语用单数。如：Lilei,and not I, has won the game.是 Lilei赢了比赛，而不是我。b. 用and 连接的单数主语，前面有each,every,many a,no等词修饰时，谓语用单数。c. 复数主语前加each,谓语仍用复数。d. no后面名词为单数，谓语用单数；后为复数，谓语用复数。三、 毗邻一致 由not onlybut also,neithernor,eitheror,or 连接的并列主语，在肯定句中谓语变化取决于后面的主语，在疑问句中取决于前面的主语。如；Either he or I am mistaken.他和我都没错。Either he or you are to go there.不是他就是你要到那儿去（二）状语从句：在复合句中作状语,其位置可以在主句前或主句后。状语从句可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较、让步、条件等几种。状语从句由从属连接词引导。时间状语从句通常由when ,as ,while, after, before, since, as soon as ,since, till (until), while, whenever 等引导。时间状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。如： When you finish the work, you may go out to play with Sam. (你完成工作就可以出去和Jim一起玩了。) / I wont leave until Mum comes back. (妈妈回来了我才会走。)地点状语从句通常由 where, wherever等引导。如：Go back where you came from! (哪里来还滚到哪里去！) / I will never forget to catch the thief who stole my necklace wherever he may be. (我永远也不会忘记去抓住那个偷我项链的贼,无论他会在哪里。)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as等引导,一般放在句首或句尾。如：He went abroad because his father had found a good university for him. (他出国了,因为他父亲给他找了一所好大学。) 目的状语从句通常由so that., so.hat., in order that. 等引导,往往放在句尾,从句中通常含有can / could / may / might等情态动词。如：He got up earlier so that he could catch the first train. (他起身更早为的是赶上第一班车。)结果状语从句通常由 so that., so.that. 等引导,放在句尾。结果状语从句一般表示已经发生的事情,故多为过去时态。如：He lost so many bikes that he decided never to buy a new one.(他丢了那么多辆自行车,他决定再也不买新车了。) 比较状语从句通常由as, than, as (so).as等引导,一般省略从句的谓语部分,只剩下名词或代词(用主格或宾格均可)。如：Jane is much taller than I/me. (Jane比我高多了。) / I dont have as many books as you (do). (我书没有你多)让步状语从句通常由though (although), as, even if( even though), however, whatever等引导。如：Even if you pay the debt(债务) for me, I will not thank you because it has nothing to do with me.(即使你替我还了债我也不会感谢你,因为它与我毫无关系。) / He wears a T-shirt though it is very cold. (他穿了一件T恤衫,尽管天很冷。)条件状语从句通常由if, unless, as long as等引导,条件状语从句一般放在句首或句尾,特别注意,时间状语从句不允许使用将来时,而应该用现在时替代。You will certainly fail in the coming final exams unless you work much harder. (即将来到的期末考试你肯定考不及格,除非你更用功。) / If it doesn t rain tomorrow, we shall go hiking. (如果明天不下雨我们就要去徒步旅行。)注意 1、because与so；(al)though与but；if与so不可以同在一个句子中成对出现。2、时间、条件、原因,让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号与主句隔开。（三）时间的表达方法：所有的时间都可以用“小时 + 分钟”直接读：6:10 six ten 8:30 eight thirty 2:40 two forty如果所表述的时间在半小时之内，可以用“分钟 + past + 小时”：6:10 ten past six 4:20 twenty past four 10:25 twenty-five past ten如果所表述的时间在半小时之内，可以用“（相差的）分钟 + to + （下一）小时”：10:35 twenty-five to eleven 5:50 ten to six 9:49 eleven to ten如果所表述的时间恰好为半小时，可以用“half + past + 小时”：11:30 half past eleven 2:30 half past two如果所表述的分钟和15有关，就有三种表达法：（15分钟又叫一刻钟：a quarter）9:15 - nine fifteen ; fifteen past nine ; a quarter past nine3:45 - three forty-five ; fifteen to four ; a quarter to four整点： 现在是两点整。Its two. Its two oclock. Its two oclocksharp. Its two oclock on thedot.Its two oclock on the nose. Itsexactlytwo oclock.另外英语中的 noon 和midnight可分别直接表示白天和夜晚的12点：Its (twelve) noon. 现在是中午十二点。 Its (twelve) midnight. 现在是半夜零点。大约时间： Its almost two. 马上到两点了。 Its not quite two. 还不到两点Its just after two. 刚过两点。*若想表明是上午，可在时间后加上a.m.，如：thirteen past six a.m.（上午六点十三分）。若想表明是下午，可在时间后加上p.m.，如：four oclock p.m.（下午四点）。课 堂检 测一、单项选择。 1. What is a telephone used _, class? A. to B. in C. for D. about 2. Was a car invented _ March 4, 1876? A. on B. in C. at D. of 3. Can you tell me _ the train was invented? A. what B. who C. when D. which 4. I think the _ invention is a mobile phone. What about you? A. helpful B. more helpful C. helpfulest D. most helpful 5. Who can help me _ my lesson? A. in B. at C. with D. of 6. Rice is grown in South China _ them. A. by B. in C. with D. for 7. He took my English-Chinese dictionary _ mistake. A. to B. by C. about D. on 8. The man is made _ some extra hours. A. work B. to work C. worked D. working 9. _, where is the post office near here？ A. In the way B. On the way C. By the way D. To the way 10. This is my new pen. It_ me 18 yuan.A. cost B. spent C. paid D. took 11. I dont like eating chocolate because the taste is too _.A. salty B. sour C. sweet D. hot 12. This kind of food is cooked by a cook _ Jack. A. call b. calls C. called D. calling 13. They have sprinkled _ salt in the soup.A. any B. much C. many D. lots of 14. English is _ useful language, isnt it?A. a B. an C. the D. x 15. Our classroom _ every day, so its very clean.A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. cleaned二：看图填空：Danny is six years old. He 1_ school this year. He studies very 2_ and likes sports very much. He is polite to others. 3_ his teachers and friends all like him.Last Sunday, Danny and his mother stayed at home. His mother was doing some 4_ and Danny was doing his homework. At nine Dannys father came back from the farm 5_ a basket of apples. He had a look at his son and then went to his room to watch TV. The boy saw the apples and 6_ to eat one. His mother gave him some and said, “Go and 7_ them, please.”Danny washed the apples and took the smallest. His mother saw this and asked, “8_ dont you take a bigger one, Danny?”“Teachers tell us tha