定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解.doc

定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解1. The factory was built in a secret place,around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C.which were D. them were【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。【分析】最佳答案是C，around whichwere high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops. A. which is B. itis C. which are D. them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city policestation. A. which are B. it is C.which is D. them are(3) Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurantswhere we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C.which is D. them are2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there ahospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C.where D. what【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？3. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D.whom【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such that 句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such that (如此以至)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such that ，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B.who C. as D. whom请再做以下试题（答案选D）：It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us. A. like B.that C. which D. as4. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surroundedby an angry crowd. A. that B. it C.them D. which【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses。【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：(1) His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A.that B. it C. them D.which(2) Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest anylonger. A. that B. it C.them D. which(3) This I did at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper. A. that B. it C. them D.which类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：(4) George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-heartedperson. A. that B. him C.them D. whom(5) Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back homethis summer. A. that B. who C.them D. whom(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still universitystudents. A. that B. who C.them D. whom5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to hiswedding. A. whom B. them C.which D. who【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carriedout in their work. A. which B. them C.what D. that答案选B，noneof them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of_ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C.what D. that答案选A，noneof them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _ werecarried out in their work. A. which B. them C.what D. that答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。6. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park,_ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C.which D. that【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】最佳答案是A。与上面一题相似，theirparents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。本空间名为腾讯认证（蔡章兵主编QQ757722345）空间，本空间每天都有5篇左右资源更新，你只须点击空间顶部“关注”并设置为特别关心，就会收到每天更新的信息，欢迎加微信czbqsyy收听更多信息。 比较以下相似题：(1) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _parents were seated together joking. A. their B. whose C.which D. that选B。whoseparents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语were seated。(2) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _parents were seated together joking. A.their B. whose C. which D. that选A。因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。(3) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park,_ parents sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C.which D. that选A。their parents sitting togetherjoking 为独立主格结构。(4) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C.which D. that选B。whose parents sat together joking为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat。(5) On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _parents were sitting together joking. A. their B. whose C.which D. that选B。whose parents were sittingtogether joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting。7. If the man is only interested in yourlooks, _ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C.what D. that【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：(1) If you promise to go with us, _ will be OK. A. as B. which C. andit D. that(