中英文大摘要.doc

河北理工大学摘要及翻译题 目： 日产2800吨熟料的预分 解窑水泥厂窑尾工艺设计 英文题目： the Process Design of Kiln Department of 2800 t/d Clinker 学 院： 材料学院 专 业： 无机非金属材料工程 班 级： 06材 3 班 姓 名： 李 坚 柏 学 号： 200608010320 指导教师： 王春梅 2010年6月10日摘 要本设计对我国水泥工业的发展现状及前景作了概括介绍，详细介绍了窑尾各设备的发展历程，并对各有关于窑尾流程及设备的优缺点做了比较。设计主要内容包括日产2800吨熟料水泥厂总体设计和窑尾工艺设计两方面。水泥生产技术随着社会生产力发展，也是一个不断进步、成熟和完善的过程。人们把水泥的生产过程形象的概括为“二磨一烧”，即按一定比例配合的原料，先经粉磨制成生料，再在窑内烧成熟料，最后通过粉磨制成水泥。在这个过程中，窑是核心设备，所以人们在研究水泥技术发展史的时候，往往以窑为代表。水泥生产先后经历了仓窑、立窑、干法回转窑、湿法回转窑和新型干法回转窑等发展阶段，最终形成现代的预分解窑新型干法水泥生产，就是以悬浮预热和预分解技术为技术核心，把现代科学技术和工业生产最新成就，例如：原料矿山计算机控制网络化开采，原料预均化，生料均化，挤压粉磨，新型耐热、耐火、隔热材料以及IT技术等广泛应用于水泥干法生产全过程，使水泥生产具有高效、优质、节约能源、清洁生产、符合环境保护要求和大型化、自动化、科学管理特征的现代化水泥生产方法。本设计采用预分解窑水泥生产线，讨论了影响熟料热耗的因素，分析了熟料率值高低对煅烧性能的影响，最终确定熟料热耗为3200kJ/kg熟料，率值分别为KH=0.880.02；SM=2.4 0.1；IM=1.50.1。在此基础上，进行了配料计算，确定出干、湿原料的配合比，得到了熟料的矿物组成和煅烧过程中产生的最大液相量，对配料比例进行了评价。得出工厂可以按照干生料的配合比为：石灰石82% 粘土14.5% 铁粉3.5%的比例进行配料生产。在物料平衡计算中，从原料进厂到产品出厂各个生产环节所需要处理的各物料量进行计算。首先讨论了影响回转窑年利用率的因素，确定了窑的年利用率；分析了影响石膏、矿渣等物料的掺入量和比表面积高低的因素，确定了石膏、矿渣等物料的掺入量和熟料强度等级和水泥比表面积。最终，确定熟料的等级强度、水泥细度。在这些参数确定的基础上进行了全场物料平衡计算，得到了每种物料的处理量。为保证工厂生产的连续进行和水泥的均衡出厂，以及满足生产过程中质量控制的需要，水泥厂必须设置各种物料储存库，存储是水泥工业生产过程中必须的中间环节，随着我国水泥工业结构调整的步伐加快，水泥生产线规模越来越大，物料存储所用的均化堆场、库、仓的容量也越来越大，型式也各不同，有长方形和圆形堆场；有圆库和帐篷库等，由于水泥干法工艺过程越来越趋于成熟，为节约投资，要求中间环节的存储周期尽量缩短，所用的库、仓的容量也不应无限的扩大，通过矿山的开采面分析，堆料和取料作业，原料的预调配等，确保生料成分的稳定和煅烧的稳定，尽量使库和仓的数量和容量降低到最小值。本设计对各储存库做出了分析和合理的选型。人们常把回转窑比作水泥厂的心脏，而把分解炉比喻为血液。燃料值则是整个运转系统的动力。本设计确定了分解炉和回转窑的燃料比为64，而60%的燃料供分解炉使用，满足分解炉对能量的要求，使碳酸钙分解，又不会造成分解炉负担过重，使其寿命减少；40%的燃料供回转窑使用，可以满足熟料生产所需要的热量。预分解窑随着其预热器级数的增加，其系统的热力学效率逐步提高，熟料热耗相应降低。然而，单纯地增加预热器级数是难以达到满意效果的，必须配合进行新型预热器的开发应用，本设计选用的是五级单系列旋风预热器系统，五级预热器阻力小，减少窑尾风机的功率，对热交换也有效果。对于各级旋风筒作为热交换部件，在预热器系统中所处的位置不同，对热交换所起的作用就不同。因而对各级旋风筒分离效率做了适合的确定，并根据各个系统风量，计算了分解炉及旋风筒规格和尺寸。通过此次毕业设计是我们从大学毕业生走向未来设计行业重要的一步。从最初的选题，开题到计算、绘图直到完成设计。其间，查找资料，老师指导，与同学交流，反复修改图纸，每一个过程都是对自己能力的一次检验和充实。这次设计中，我了解窑尾设计的一些用途及工作原理，熟悉了的设计步骤，锻炼了工程设计能力，培养了自己独立设计能力。此次毕业设计是对我专业知识和专业基础知识一次实际检验和巩固，同时也是走向工作岗位前做好准备。关键词：悬浮预热器，预分解，筒，炉，窑AbstractThe design gives an overview of current situation and prospects of the development of Chinas cement industry, it described in detail the development process of kiln, and each kiln process and equipment on the advantages and disadvantages are compared in the design. The design mainly included the cement plant design ,whose daily product of clinker is 2,800 tons ,and kiln process design.With the development of social productive forces, the cement production technology gets continuous progress and gradually becomes mature and perfect. People summarize vividly the production process of cement as Grind Twice and Grill Once , that is, with a proportion of raw materials, first made by grinding raw material, clinker and then fired in the kiln, and finally made by grinding cement. In the process, the kiln is the core equipment, it is often represented by the kiln in the research of the history of the development of cement technology. Cement production has gone through the warehouse kiln, vertical kiln, dry rotary kiln, wet rotary kiln, dry process rotary kiln and other stages of development. And the final formation is the modern kiln dry process cement production, which takes Suspension preheater and Pre-decomposition as a core technology .The modern science and technology and the latest achievements in industrial production, for example: computer-controlled network mining of raw materials extraction, materials pre-averaged, raw meal, extrusion mill, a new heat-resistant, fire-resistant, heat insulation materials, and IT technology ,are widely used in dry cement production process, to make cement production of efficient, high-quality, energy conservation, cleaner production, and meet environmental requirements and large-scale, automation, scientific management features of the modern cement production methods.This design uses a kiln cement production lines, discusses the factors that affect the heat consumption of clinker, analysises the value of the clinker burning properties of high and low on , and makes the final conclusion : Heat consumption of clinker clinker for the 3200kJ/kg , rate values are KH = 0.88 0.02; SM = 2.4 0.1; IM = 1.5 0.1.On this basis, the ingredients are calculated to determine the dry and wet mix of raw materials, and the design gets the conclusion that the mineral composition of clinker and the burning process of the maximum liquid content,and it also evaluates the ratio of the ingredients.The design comes to the factory can cope with the dry raw material ratio: clay82%, limestone 3.5%, iron powder14.5% that the ratio is uesed in proportion to production.In the material balance calculation, the design calculates what needs to be addressed by the various production processes of various materials from raw material to finished products. First it discusses the factors affecting utilization of kiln-year ,determines the annual utilization rate of the kiln, the impact of the level of incorporation of gypsum, slag and other materials, and factor of surface area, and defines gypsum, slag and other materials for incorporation, the clinker strength grade and Specific surface area of cement. In the end, the design determines the level of intensity of clinker and cement fineness. Overall material balance calculations are maked in the basis of these determined parameters, and the capacity of each material is determined at last .To ensure continuous production plant and the balance cement factory, and to meet the needs of quality control of the production process , cement plant must set a variety of materials repository. Storage is the necessary middle part of the process of industrial production of cement . As Chinas cement industry to speed up the pace of restructuring, scale cement production line is increasing, capacity of yard, library, storage which are used for storage is also growing, and the types are also different, rectangular and round yard; round tent and library tent ,and so on. As the dry process cement becomes more and more mature, in order to save investment, the middle part of the storage period requires to be shortened as much as possible, the capacity of the library, storage should not be unlimited expansion. Through the analysis of the exploitation of surface mine, operations of stacker and reclaimer, pre-deployment of raw materials, to ensure the stability of raw and calcined composition, the number of libraries and storage and capacity need to be reduced to minimum as far as possible. The design makes the analysis and rational selection of repositories.People often compare the rotary kilnto the heart cement plant, while the decomposition furnace is compared to the blood. Fuel value is the driving force throughout the operating system. The design identifies the fuel ratio of calciner and kiln is 6:4.60% of the fuel for the calciner use, it meets the energy requirements of calciner , causing decomposition of calcium carbonate, it will not cause excessive burden calciner,and reduce their life expectancy; 40% of the fuel is used for the rotary kiln,which meet the heat of clinker production. With the increase of kiln preheater series ,the thermodynamic efficiency of their systems gradually increase, and the heat consumption of clinker gradually get lower. However, the mere increase in pre-heater series is difficult to achieve satisfactory results, and must tie in with the development and application of new pre-heater.The design choices are the five single-family cyclone preheater system, five pre-heater resistance can reduce kiln fan power, and have good effects on the heat exchange. Cyclone at all levels as a heat exchange component, on the role of heat exchange is different because of different positionin the preheater system. So the separation efficiency of cyclone at all levels is made for the determination of air volume. And the design calculates the calciner and cyclone specifications