电子技术名词中英文对照.doc

电子技术名词中英文对照本征半导体：intrinsic semiconductor掺杂半导体：doped semiconductorP型半导体：P-type semiconductorN型半导体：N-type semiconductor自由电子：free electron空穴：hole载流子：carriersPN结：PN junction扩散：diffusion漂移：drift二极管：diode硅二极管：silicon diode锗二极管：germanium diode阳极：anode阴极：cathode发光二极管：light-emitting diode (LED)光电二极管：photodiode稳压二极管：Zener diode晶体管（三极管）：transistorPNP型晶体管：PNP transistorNPN型晶体管：NPN transistor发射极：emitter集电极：collector基极：base电流放大系数：current amplification coefficient场效应管：field-effect transistor (FET)P沟道：p-channelN沟道：n-channel结型场效应管：junction FET（JFET）金属氧化物半导体：metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)耗尽型MOS场效应管：depletion mode MOSFET（D-MOSFET）增强型MOS场效应管：enhancement mode MOSFET（E-MOSFET）源极：source栅极：grid漏极：drain跨导：transconductance夹断电压：pinch-off voltage热敏电阻：thermistor开路：open短路：shorted中文名词英文对照电路circuit电源source负载load元件component网络network集成电路integrated circuit晶体管transistor信号signal电路原理图schematic电路变量circuit variable电子electron电荷charge电场electric field电流current直流电流DC current参考方向reference direction实际方向actual direction电位potential电压voltage直流电压DC voltage关联参考方向associated reference directions功率power能量energy支路branch节点node回路loop网孔mesh基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoffs current law， KCL基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoffs voltage law， KVL电阻器resistor电阻resistance欧姆定律Ohms law伏安关系Volt-Ampere Relationship，VAR线性电阻linear resistor线性时不变电阻linear time-invariant resistor非线性电阻nonlinear resistor电导conductance独立电源independent source电压源voltage source有伴电压源accompanied voltage source开路电压open-circuit voltage短路电流short-circuit current电流源current source有伴电流源accompanied current source受控源controlled source电压控制电压源voltage-controlled voltage source，VCVS电压控制电流源voltage-controlled current source，VCCS电流控制电压源current-controlled voltage source，CCVS电流控制电流源current-controlled current source，CCCS等效equivalence等效变换equivalent transformations化简simplification等效电路equivalent circuit单端口网络one-port network二端网络two-terminal network端钮terminal端电压terminal voltage端电流terminal current串联电阻网络resistors in series分压voltage division并联电阻网络resistors in parallel分流current division支路电流法branch-current method节点电压法node-voltage method自电导self conductance互电导mutual conductance单节偶电路single node-pair circuit网孔电流法mesh-current method自电阻self resistance互电阻mutual resistance单回路电路single loop circuit激励excitement响应response线性电路linear circuit叠加定理superposition theorem齐次定理homogeneity theorem替代定理substitution theorem戴维南定理Thevenins theorem戴维南等效支路Thevenin equival诺顿定理Nortons theorem最大功率传输maximum power transfer对偶原理principle of duality中文名词英文对照微分differential积分integral动态元件dynamic component时域分析time field analysis电容元件capacitor电容capacitance线性电容linear capacitor记忆元件memory component初始值initial value初始状态initial state瞬时功率instantaneous power充电charge放电discharge储能元件energy-storing component电感元件inductor磁通magnetic flux磁链magnetic flux linkage电感inductance电磁感应定律law of electromagnetic induction换路switching换路定则switching rule稳态steady state暂态transient state一阶电路first-order circuit一阶微分方程first-order differential equation二阶微分方程second-order differential equation二阶电路second-order circuit跃变abrupt change零输入响应zero-input response指数exponential衰减decay时间常数time constant零状态响应zero-state response全响应complete response固有分量natural component自由分量free component暂态分量transient component强制分量forced component强制分量forced component单位阶跃函数unit-step function奇异函数singular function阶跃响应step response冲激函数unit-impulse function冲激响应impulse response卷积积分convolution integral二阶齐次线性微分方程second-order homogeneous linear differential equation特征方程characteristic equation特征根characteristic root固有频率natural frequency衰减系数attenuation factor谐振角频率resonant angular frequency过阻尼over-damped非振荡放电non- oscillatory discharge欠阻尼under-damped振荡放电oscillatory discharge阻尼振荡角频率angular frequency of the damped oscillation衰减振荡attenuated oscillation等幅振荡unattenuated oscillation无阻尼undamped临界阻尼情况critically damped中文名词英文对照复数complex number虚单位imaginary unit模modulus旋转因子rotating factor正弦稳态电路sinusoidal steady-state circuit正弦函数sinusoidal function余弦函数cosinoidal function振幅amplitude角频率angular frequency相位phase初相位initial phase周期period相位差phase difference超前lead滞后lag同相in phase反相opposite phase正交right-angle intersection有效值effective value复指数函数complex expotential function相量phasor相量变换phasor? transform相量图phasor diagram旋转相量rotating phasor电感电抗inductive reactance电容电抗capacitive reactance电抗reactance阻抗impedance电纳susceptance导纳admittance非正弦nonsinusoidal傅立叶级数Fourier series直流分量DC component谐波分量harmonic component基波fundamental wave一次谐波first order harmonic高次谐波higher order harmonic谐波分析法harmonic analysis瞬时功率instantaneous power平均功率average power功率因数power factor视在功率apparent power无功功率reactive power复功率complex power共轭匹配conjugate matching模匹配modular matching谐振resonance频率特性frequency characteristic幅频特性amplitude-frequency characteristic相频特性phase-frequency characteristic串联谐振series resonance电磁振荡electromagnetic oscillation品质因数quality factor选频特性frequency-selection characteristic并联谐振parallel resonance自感self inductance磁耦合magnetic coupling互感mutual inductance耦合电感元件coupled inductors同名端dotted terminals耦合系数coupling coefficient空心变压器air-core transformer原边电路primary circuit副边电路secondary circuit反射阻抗reflected impedance理想变压器ideal transformer变比transformation ratio中文名词英文对照对称三相电源symmetrical three-phase source正相序positive sequence负相序negative sequenceY形连接Y-connected三相四线制three-phase four-wire system端线terminal wire中线neutral wire相电压phase voltage线电压line voltage形连接 connected相电流phase current线电流line current不对称三相电路unsymmetrical three-phase circuit复频率complex frequency拉普拉斯变换Laplace transform拉氏反变换inverse