2015仁爱英语七年级下Unit5topic2课本知识点同步讲解与练习.doc

Unit5Our school lifeTopic2 A few students are running around the playground1 重点语法部分1.现在进行时态：表示正在进行或发生的动作。现在进行时的构成：是由助动词be(am/is/are)+doing(动词的现在分词)构成句子的谓语。七主要句型可以归纳为如下几种：(1) 肯定句：主语+be+doing+sth.I am running. You are running. He/She is running. (2)否定句：主语+be+not+doing+sth.Im not running. You arent running. He/She isnt running (3) 一般疑问句：Be+主语+doing+sth.?回答：Yes,主语（代词）+be./ No,主语（代词）+be+not.Are you running? Yes, I am./No, I am not.Is he/she running? Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isnt. (4) 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+doing+sth.? What are you doing,Jane?2.现在分词的构成规则1) 一般在动词原形末尾ingdrink-drinking buy-buying call-calling work working2) 以不发音e结尾的动词，去e加ingmakemaking give-giving come-coming drive-driving3) 在重读闭音节词中，以一个辅音字母结尾，且这个辅音字母前只有一个元音字母的词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加ingput putting plan-planning swim-swimming sit-sitting4) 以ie为重读音节结尾的动词，把ie变为y，再加ing。die dying lie lying5) 以er音节结尾的动词，先去e再加ing preferprefering water watering6) 以er结尾的动词，如果是重读音节结尾，先双写r再加ing；如果不是重读音节结尾，直接加ing。 Prefer preferring water watering7) 以y结尾的动词变为现在分词时，y不变，直接加上ing.play playing study studying fly flying buy buying3.什么情况下用现在进行时1) 表示现在或说话时正在进行的动作，常与now, at the moment连用，有时也和look，listen,Its !.oclock.等连用。 e.g Im reading a book now.2) 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。e.g Theyre working on a farm this week.3) 表示经常反复的动作，常与always等频度副词连用，含有赞赏、厌恶、不满等感情色彩.e.g. She is always helping others. 她总是帮助别人。 （赞赏）4) 某些行为动词的现在进行时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,安排或打算的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,仅限于少数动词（多为表示位置移动的动词），如go，come，fly, return，arrive，leave，stay等。e.g They are flying to London this afternoon. We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.口诀：Look, Listen是标志，现在进行正发生；有时now在句中现，“beving”时态成。若问be用何形式，须看主语数、人称。He/She is, I am We, you, they后are紧跟。ving形式更好记，三种构成要分清。一般问句be提前，be后加not否定成！Section A1 重点词汇run around the playground 绕着操场 do ones homework做家庭作业 Watch TV 看电视 make cards 做卡片 would like to do sth想要做某事 play basketball 打篮球 see you soon一会见 on the telephone 在电话中 in the classroom 在教室里 play cards打牌 computer room 电脑室 dining room 餐厅 teachers office教师办公室classroom building 教学楼 in the library 在图书馆二.重点详解1. What are you doing now? 你现在在做什么？这是一个由what引导的特殊疑问句，用于问别人此刻正在做什么事情。2.Are you doing your homework? 你在做作业吗？是现在进行时的一般疑问句，肯定回答：Yes, 主语+Be; 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not.（ Yes, I am./ No, Im not.）3. would you like to do play basketball?Would you like to.?你想或愿意做.吗？相当于Do you want to do .?4.do some cleaning 打扫卫生。相似的结构：do some shopping 买东西do some reading 读书 do some fishing 钓鱼 do some cooking 做饭Section B1 重点词汇English workbooks 英语练习册 look for 寻找 how long 多久 two weeks 2周 on the shelves 在书架上return sth on time 准时归还某物English newspapers英语报纸 lost and found 失物招领处 ID card 身份证 family photo全家福 call sb打电话给某人student card 学生卡二.重点详解1.May I borrom some English workboos?我可以借一些英语练习册吗？ May I borrow.? 是表达请求允许的句型。may在此表示请求对方许可，常用Yes, please./Yes, of course. / Certainly.等来做肯定回答。否定回答用mustnt.E.g. May I come in?-Yes, pleae.“可以，请吧”否定回答为：No, you mustnt.“不，不可以”May I use your phone? 我能用你电话吗？ No, you mustnt.2.The girl loos for the books on the shelves. 女孩在书架上找书。Look for 是“寻找”的意思，强调的是找的动作；上学期学过的单词find 意思是“找到、发现”强调的是找的结果。E.g 1.I am my pen everywhere(到处)，but I cant it. What are you _ ?- I am _ my schoolbag.on the shelves 意为“在书架上”，shelf 复数为shelves.3.How long can I keep them? 我能借多久keep , borrow和lend 都有“借用”的意思，但是区别之处在于： borrow 表示主语借进 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物e.g. You can borrow this book from the library. May I borrow your eraser?lend 表示主语借出 lend sb. sth. ( lend sth. to sb.) 把某物借给某人e.g Can you lend your car to me?They often lend us their ball.keep 表示借多长时间，借多久，意为“保存，保留”keep 和 borrow, lend区别是borrow和lend是瞬间动词,而keep是延续性动词,表示借一段时间, 后常跟上一段时间e.g You may keep this book for two weeks.-Hello Jane, May I_ your bike?- Im sorry, but my bike is broken(坏了). You can ask Lileifor it, hell _ it to you.-Ok, I will try.How long 意为“多长时间，多久” 用于提问一段时间how often 意为“多久一次” 用于提问频率。e.g. How long can I keep it? 我能借多久? How ofen do you have English classes?- Twice one week.与how相关的短语 ：how often多常 how many多少 how much多少钱 how old多大I will keep the book for 3 weeks. (划线部分提问) will you keep the book?He usually go to the zoo once a week.（对划线部分提问） does he usually go to the zoo.4.You must return them on time.你必须准时归还。Return V（动词） “归还” return= give back。return sth. (to sb.)= give sth. back to sb. 把某物还给某人。Please return the book to me now. = Please give the book back to me now. return to“回到”，相当于come back toE.g He will return from America next month.on time“准时,按时”强调不早不迟到达in time: “及时”,强调在规定的时间以前到达e.g. We must go to work on time. The students can get there in time.用in time/on time填空。He goes to bed _ everyday.5.Thank you all the same. “还是要谢谢你。”= Thank you anyway.是你向别人寻求帮助，但别人无法帮助你时你作的回答。6.Excuse me,do you have any English newspapers?Some 和any 用法： some 常用于肯定句，any 常用否定句和疑问句-I have some tea here.我这儿有些茶叶.-I cant see any tea.我没看见茶叶.-Do you have any friends at school?你在学校有些朋友吗? 但在表示建议,反问,请求的疑问句中,或期望得到肯定回答时,多用some而不用any.如：Would you like some coffee?你要不要来点咖啡?What about some fruit juice?来点水果汁如何? 用some 和any 来填写下面句子。(1). I have _good friends in my class.(2).Is there _water in the bottle ?(3).Do you have _money ?(4).They dont have _time to go there.(5).There are _cakes on the table.(6).I dont have _milk for breakfast.7.Michael and a girl are talking at the Lost and Found.Lost and Found “失物招领处”作为标志时，除了and，其他首字母要大写。8. Can I help you? 是服务员的常用语，不同场合具有不同的含义。类似的还有：May I help you?/ What can I do for you?/ Is there anything can I do for you?等9. Whats in it? 里面有什么Whats in+sth 表示哪里有什么东西E.g Whats in your purse? 钱包里有什么东西?10.Here is a wallet. 此句是倒装句。Here, there等副词置于句首时，经常与go，come等动词连用。主语如果是普通名词，全句需要完全倒装，主语如果为代词，不需要倒装。 e.g. There goes the bell. 铃响了。Here he comes. 他来了。 There_ _ 他在那儿。 Here_ _ _ 这就是那只猫。Section C一重点词汇show sb around 带领某人参观 on the playground 在教师run around the playground 绕着操作跑 have a soccer game 举行足球赛play basketball 打篮球 swimming pool 游泳池 over there 那里play ping-pong 打篮球 in the classroom 在教师里 have lessons上课do ones homework 做家庭作业 write a letter写信 a few student 几个学生clean the blackboard 擦黑板 read English newspapers读英语报draw pictures 画画 listen to music 听音乐 play games玩游戏 二.重点详解1. Miss Wang is showing a new student around the school.show sb. around 领某人参观；带某人巡视e.g. Tim is showing us around the farm. Tim正带着我们参观农场。2. A few students are running around the playground. A few 在这里是表示“有几个学生”的意思。 few, little, a few, a little的用法讲解few 修饰或代替可数名词复数，意为“很少，几乎没有”，表示否定含义little修饰或代替不可数名词复数，意为“很少，几乎没有”，表示否定含义a few 修饰或代替可数名词复数，意为“一些，少许”，表示肯定含义a little 修饰或代替不可数名词复数，意为“一些，少许”，表示肯定含义e.g. a few apples 几个苹果 few apples 几乎没有苹果a little water一点儿水 little water 几乎没有水 a little+ adj. 表示“有点儿.” a little easy 有点容易( ) 1. This is a very old song, so _ young people know it. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little( ) 2 . There arent many oranges here, but you can take _ if （如果）you want to. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little( ) 3. Now _ young people walk to school,they always go to school by bike. A. few B. a few C. a little D. little3. He is writing a letter 写信write (a letter) to sb.给某人写信.Tom is writing to Kangkang. Tom在给康康写信。write (a letter) back to sb.给某人回信Kangkang is writing back to Tom. 康康在给Tom回信。4. He is cleaning the blackboard at the back of the classroom.At the back of 意为“在.后部”。指在范围内部的后部at the back of a house 在房子的后部5. at the moment= now “此刻，现在”，常用于现在进行时6.Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的 n.日本人,日语当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法相同) ，当Japanese表示日语时为不可数名词。e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.Section D1 重点词汇：In the room 在房间 in the office 在办公室 in the gym在体育馆 love doing sth 喜欢做某事 talk to sb和某人交谈 on the Great Wall 在长城上二重点详解1.Here are some photos of his.这儿有一些他的照片。名词+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格-双重所有格e.g a friend of Sams 萨姆的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友2.He looks happy because he loves swimming.love doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯意思为“喜欢做某事”同义词组为：like doing sthlove to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事e.g She loves reading in bed. I love to go swimming today. because引导原因状语从句，常用来回答why问句。Because与so 不能同时出现。e.g. Why do you want to visit the Great Wall? Because its very wonderful.3.In picture 3, he is talking to a Japanese girl on the Great Wall.talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。 say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story讲故事等固定搭配。用talk,say,speak,tell 填空。The teacher ask us not to_ with each other in the class.May I _ to Jane?He can _ Japanese and English.What does he_ in the email?4.also 与too 都有“也”的意思, also用在句中, too用在句末e.g Helen is also a student.I have long hair and she has long hair, too.典型习题:(1)Excuse me, how long may I_ the book?-For two weeks.A. borrow B.keep C.lend D.buy(2)-Hi, Xiao Qi, I would like to go to the zoo this Sunday.I like watching animals best.-I _like watching animals best.A .too B.either C.also D.and(3)-Could you come please? I want some help.-_A. Yes, I could. B.Youre welcome.C. Sure, Im coming now. D.Thats all right.(4)-Bob, may I_your MP4?-Sure,but youd better not_it to others.A.lend, lend B.lend,borrow C.borrow,borrow D.borrow,lend(5)Shes_her purse, but she cant_it. Lets help her.A.find; look for B.looking for; find C. look for; find D.finding; look for(6)-What is your mother doing?-My mother is_Miss Li.A. talk with B.talking with C.talk to(7)-Can I_a soccer_the gym?-Of course, you can.A.borrow;to B.lend; from C.borrow;from D.borrowing;from(8)-How long_your story book?-Three days.A.I can keep B.can I borrow C.I can borrow D.can I keep 句型转换:(1)-Are the children swimming in the swimming pool?(做否定回答)-_,_ _(1) They are watching TV.(改为一般疑问句)_ _watching TV?(2) I对划线部分提问)_are you_?(3) The boys often play soccer on the playground.(改为现在进行时) The boys_ _soccer on the playground.(4) 对划线部分提问)_ _can he keep the MP4?根据句意和汉语提示完成下列句子(1)-Where is Chen Kang?-He is playing basketball_ _ _(在操场上)(2)-Hello! Li Ming. What are you doing?-I am_ _ _(做作业)(3)-Look, what are they doing?-They are_ _(寻找)Jims bag.(4)-What class are they having?-They are_ _ _(玩电脑游戏)now.(5)-Where is Mr.Wang_ _ _(此刻)?(6)I have _ _(几个)good friend.一般现在时和现在进行时的区别一、概念不同：一般现在时表示主语经常性和习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力及自然现象。而现在进行时表示说话时（瞬间）正在进行的动作，也表示目前或现阶段一直进行的动作。如