2012高考英语应考指导.doc

2012年高考英语答题指导 （2012.6）高三英语组总体要求：1.时间分配：时间分配合理（一卷80分钟，二卷40分钟），避免前紧后松或前松后紧。2.分段涂卡：一卷涂卡分三步，听力；单选完型；阅读理解。3.难易平常心。细心审题明要求，规范答题重书写。一听力 ：抓住关键词/信息词1.播放试音时要认真听（2:50启封试题并播放试听内容），适应试音的语调语速2.充分利用开考前的时间浏览问题，注意选项的不同点，带着问题听。一经开考，就迅速自然地进入状态。 3.听时做简单记录，如年代、日期、价格、数量等数字，并且熟悉基数词、序数词、分数、小数、百分数的读法。4.回答概括中心的题，注意重点词(反复出现的词)，重点句(尤其是首尾句)。5念两遍的材料，第一遍重在听，有把握的就选出，第二遍进一步判断、核查。 6. 根据单词重音、句子重音、语调语速的变化判断句意。 7. 学会抓住关键词，利用关键词判断说话人的身份，地点或场合等。 8. 不做纠缠，果断放手，及时转换到下一节二语法和词汇知识：保证语义通、语法通命题特点：常规考点，考核基本功，不偏不怪不超纲1. 重点，难点，必考点不会变化，只是考查的角度会有变化2.偏题和怪题不会有，突出语境的自然和交际性。高频考点1.冠词: Take your time-its just_ short distance from here to _restaurant. A.不填;the B. a; the C. the; a D. 不填; a2.代词：不定代词，反身代词，替代词（one, ones, it，that, those）Although there are a large number of books here, I cant put my hands on _ I want. A. itB. this C. either D. the one3.情态动词：can,must, should, shall等的用法 If you_ smoke, please go outside. A. can B. should C. must D. may4.非谓语动词：特别是动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词做状语和定语，注意时态语态（1） Look over there-theres a very long, winding pathup to the house.A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead（2）_not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded5.时态和语态：一般过去时，现在完成时，过去完成时，进行时等（标志，语境）When I got on the bus, I_ I had left my wallet at home. A. was realized B. realized C. have realized D. would realize6.定语从句：关系代词/副词引导定语从句，介词前置定语从句,间隔定语从句等 (1) Whenever I want to visit Beijing, the first _comes into my mind is the Great Wall. A. whichB. that C. as D. who (2) She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction_had taken more than 3 years A.for which B.with which C.of which D.to which （3）He is so good a boy _ everyone enjoys helping. A. as B. whichC. that D. what7.名词性从句：连接词选择Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _he never finishes anything. A. that B. where C. where D. why8.状语从句：从属连词选择He had his camera ready_ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C in case D. so that总之，从句的考查要辨明从句的类型，是定语从句、状语从句还是名词性从句，然后根据连接词在从句中做的成份和意思来正确选择9.词(组)义辨析：名词、动词、形容词副词、介词及其短语Dont let yourself be _ by this failure. Failure is not always a bad thing. A. cast downB. turned downC. set downD. put down10.交际用语.情景交际要带入选项上下句通读，体会对话的语境和意义，感悟对话的表达，然后恰当的选择 (1)I dont think he is coming to the party._. He is just a little late. A. I think so.B. I dont think, either.C. Sure he is. D. Neither is he. (2)I failed my driving test again._. Maybe I can help you with the practice. A. No problemB. Im sorryC. Keep it upD. Take it easy11.特殊句式：强调句; 固定句型；倒装：Only, So, Not until, Little, There；省略；虚拟语气的简单用法(1)What made him so surprised and excited? _ he got the first prize. A. What B. That C. Since D. As (2)Have you finished the task on time?No. If only I _ his advice! A. takeB. took C. have taken D. had taken(3)_ on the top of the hill is a monument, dating back to hundreds of years ago. A. Having stoodB. Standing C. Being stoodD. Having been stood应考策略：明确句意 辨认考点 注重基本用法的考查 分析句子结构 辨别小的陷阱 勿思维定势 复杂句式要化简还原 相似结构要认真辨析（1）Please do me a favor _ Mr Smith to Youth Theatre at 7:30 tonight. A. inviteB. to inviteC. invitingD. invited（2）Time should be made good use of _ our lessons well.A. to learnB. learning C. learnD. learnt三完形填空考查内容：一、快速阅读理解的能力与技巧，尤其是“跳读”能力二、词汇知识。从多角度考查词汇固定搭配、词语意义和用法的辨析能力三、语法知识及长难句的处理和分析能力四、语篇知识五、各类文化背景和生活常识等综合知识设空特点1.前制性设空:答题信息在空白前2.后制性设空：答题信息在空白后3.语篇性设空：答题信息在空白前后4.实词性，同类性，语境性和暗示性解题步骤1.跳读全文。仔细阅读首尾句，预测主要内容，用23分钟，跳过空格，快速浏览全文，了解文章的体裁和题材，领会文章大意。2.确定答案。仔细逐句阅读，分析长句，利用上下文线索认真思索，初定答案。3.全面复查。带着选择的选项将全文从头至尾再次快速重读一遍，尽量做到“五查看”，查看全文是否连贯，语言是否流畅，内容是否明确，情节发展是否合理，上下文衔接是否一致。Devoted Mother Growing up has always been a struggle. Ever since I was a baby, my mom has been 36 but a loving single mother.Even before November 5, 1992 when I first came into this world, my mom was already making plans: 37 on college, high school, a car, all the typical 38 that were going to come up during the course of 39 life. She set up a bank account to 40 money for me to go to college off her 41 salary. She found Maumee Valley Country Day School where the open-minded learning 42 and the advanced education rate was exactly 43 she was looking for to give her boy a good 44 , but it was a matter of money. She had to 45 how she was going to pay the high 46 of such a famous school. I distinctly remember the 47 on my moms face that I had never seen before. It was a 48 between confidence, hope, and a bit of worry. It wasnt until recently that I 49 why my mom had that expression. She was taking the biggest financial risk of her life, but she didnt 50 . In her mind she was putting all her chips in, in order to give her only son the best education available. She had to work several part-time jobs and 51 my mom was able to put me 52 years at Maumee Valley and I graduated from the 8th grade in 2007. Now as a young adult, I can finally understand the 53 that my mom made to give me the best possible start to life. My mom is the most loving and 54 mother in the world, and I love her for the hardships she had to experience in order to 55 me into the best man I can be. 36. A. anythingB. all C. nothing D. someone 37. A. going B. working C. planning D. studying 38. A. milestones B. schools C. difficulties D. possessions 39. A. her B. its C. their D. my 40. A. raise B. make C. deposit D. spend 41. A. big B. small C. generous D. few 42. A. environment B. situation C. condition D. location 43. A. what B. why C. that D. where 44. A. gift B. start C. birth D. opening 45. A. set aside B. put away C. figure out D. take out 46. A. expenses B. education C. rent D. salary 47. A. expression B. smile C. tears D. fear 48. A. separation B. union C. mix D. joint 49. A. recognizedB. thought C. guessedD. realized 50. A. want B. wish C. care D. need 51. A. finally B. quickly C. gradually D. carefully 52. A. through B. off C. around D. up 53. A. offer B. sacrifice C. promise D. money 54. A. loyal B. strict C. devoted D. tiring 55. A. shape B. grow C. send D. limit Keys: 3640 CCADC 4145 BAABC 4650 AACDC 5155 AABCA 四阅读理解：抓住主旨，辨明细节，看清问题，比较选项，细心选择，回归原文，检查核对。阅读命题手段：对原文信息进行高度的概括；对原文信息进行灵活的转述；用创造性语言表述文章的隐含意义。阅读理解的做题方法1.会阅读（以意群为单位，成组视读，首尾在心，紧扣中心，读速适中）、定区间、 划根据、看转换、防陷阱、读全项2.先看文章再做题，或先看题再读文章，不同的文体可采用不同的方法。一般情况下，大部分阅读题都可采用题干定位法，在原文中找到题干所在的位置，围绕所在的位置上下文理解，然后结合选项作出判断题型梳理：1.主旨大意题或标题的题目要贴近文章大意，不可太大或太小，抓中心词。2.事实细节题一定要核准原文，不可仅凭印象 3.猜测词义题，考查考生对文章中指示代词对前文或后文的指代的判断能力。要根据上下文理解划线部分的意思，再将选项带回原文中理解确定。4.推理判断题应注意从文章作者立场出发，从短文中找信息，而不是问你的看法。不要选文章中明确出现的或与文章无关的，要选文章中暗示出的。推理判断题的干扰项具有以下特点：（1）.是文章中直接用于表达细节的信息;（2）.是文章中无关紧要或片面推出的结论;（3）.是与文章内容完全相反的结论; （4）.是不合常理或不合逻辑的结论等。（5）.不是文章中直接提到的信息 （6）.不能以自己的观点代替作者5.作者的情感态度赞同：positive肯定的, 积极的, favorable赞成的,赞许的, supportive支持的， 否定： negative adj.否定的, 消极的, disapproval 不赞成 objection 异议 opposition 反对 critical 批评的 怀疑： suspicious可疑的, 怀疑的 doubtful可疑的, 不确定的, 疑心的 puzzling adj.使迷惑的, 使莫明其妙的 客观：(即好的坏的都说，选的可能性极大) objective adj.客观的 neutral adj.中立的 impartial adj.公平的, 不偏不倚的 disinterested adj.无私的 imprejudiced adj.没有偏见的 detached 不含个人偏见的 主观： subjective adj.主观的, 个人的 indifference n.不关心 tolerance n.宽容，容忍，忍受 pessimism n.悲观, 悲观主义 optimistic adj.乐观的 sensitive 有感觉的, 敏感锐的,易受伤害的 scared adj.恐惧的 ironic adj.说反话的, 讽刺的 confused adj.困惑的, 烦恼的 amazed adj.吃惊的, 惊奇的 concerned adj.关心的, 有关的 mixed 喜忧参半 We all think that we see things as they really are. But according to a new report in Psychological（心理学的）Science, if we really want something, that strong wish may influence how we view our surroundings（周围的事物）. Psychological scientists Emily Balcetis from New York University and David Dunning from Cornell University did a set of studies to see how our strong wish affects perception. In the first experiment, people who voluntarily took part in the study had to estimate（估计）how far a water bottle was from where it was sitting. Half of the volunteers were allowed to drink water before the experiment, while the others ate salty cookies, thus becoming very thirsty. The results showed that the thirsty volunteers estimated that the water was closer to them than volunteers who drank water earlier.Our strong wish for certain objects may also lead to behavioral changes. In a separate experiment, the volunteers threw beanbags towards the gift cards (worth either $25 or $0) on the floor, winning the card if the beanbag landed on it. Interestingly, the volunteers threw the beanbag much farther if the gift card was worth $0 than if it was worth $25 that is, they underthrew the beanbag when attempting to win the $25 gift cards, because they viewed that the gift cards as being closer to them. These findings show that when we want something, we actually view it as being physically close to us. When we see a goal as being close to us, it encourages us to keep on going to successfully gain it.56. The underlined word “perception” in the 2nd paragraph probably means“_”.A. attitude B. career C. happiness D. life 57. The experiment with beanbags is done to prove the relationship between _.A. psychology and the environment B. wishes and behaviorC. space and distance D. views and results58. We can learn from the last paragraph that the findings are _.A. unbelievable B. puzzling C. positive D. subjective59. The findings from the study seem to suggest the importance of _.A. doing separate experiments B. having clear goalsC. developing normal senses D. building self-confidence五阅读表达。读懂全文，抓住中心。1. 准确审题2. 注意不同题型的答法3. 注意字数限制4. 语法、用词准确表达5. 不怕新题型，问啥答啥即可6. 先打草再抄写，书写认真规范。总之：答为所问，正确表述【1】The Japanese create the word tsunami to mean “harbor wave.” (“tsu” means harbor, and the character “nami” means wave). In the wake of the Japanese tragedy, remember these tsunami survival tips:【2】A good warning sign of an approaching tsunami is “drawback,” when the ocean moves back drastically or the water level falls unusually along the shoreline. During the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, a 10-year-old girl on vacation with her family in Thailand, Tilly Smith, saved the lives of dozens of tourists when she recognized a moving back ocean and bubbles on the surface of the water as a sign that _. Experts believe that the drawing back of the seawater may give people as much as five minutes warning to escape from the area.【3】Youre not out of danger after the first wave of a tsunami. A tsunami occurs as a series of waves known as a “wave train,” and the series of huge sea wave can be five minutes or up to an hour apart. The tsunami does not usually appear on the coastline as a huge breaking wave, but rather as a rapid tide or a wall of water. The worst mistake you can make is staying near the beach out of curiosity. Find higher ground and go as far inland as you can. If you can see the waves, youre still too close.【4】A tsunami wave may be small at one point of the shore and large at another point. Move to higher ground as soon as you can and dont assume that because theres minimum activity in the coastal area where you are, it will be like that everywhere else.【5】Keep your ears open. Many witnesses have said that a tsunami sounds thunderous, like a train carrying goods. After hearing these loud sounds, you should be careful.76. W