高中英语知识点精讲系列五.doc

高中英语知识点精讲系列八一、语言知识点： 1. recognize sb as：认出某人是be recognized as：某人被认作recognize sb to do sth：承认某人做某事recognize that-clauserecognition (n.)2. dress：既表动作，也表状态 dress sb be dressed in have on：表状态，不用于进行时 wear：表状态（衣服、鞋帽、领带、围巾、首饰、眼镜）表示某一时间的穿戴，常用进行时 put on：表动作3. prove sthprove sth to sbprove sth to beprove . as(to be)that-clause4. beyond control：无法控制in control：控制着under control：控制中out of control=lose control of：失控5. tear sth to/into pieces sth in half/into halves sth open sth down at sth：撕扯着（表过程） sth：撕碎/撕破（表结果） up：毁掉 off：脱去、跑掉 away from：从夺走6. attend school/churchattend the meeting/lecturejoin party/league/club/sbjoin in the party/activity7. call on sb=drop in on sbcall at a place=drop in at a placevisit +sb/a placepay a visit to a place8. be (well) worth + n./doing sthbe worthy + of+n.be worthy + of+being donebe worthy + to be done9. pay for sthpay sb for sthpay sb money for sth=pay money to sb for sthpay off：全部还清pay back：偿还，归还；报复10. make/carry out/perform/do experiment by experiment experiment on/upon：对进行实验 二、语法专题非谓语动词的考点1. 非谓语动词的句法功能 具有哪些词的部分特征可作哪些句子成分名词形容词副词主宾表定状补不定式动名词现在分词过去分词2. 不定式和分词作状语的比较 名称状语类型时间目的结果原因方式条件伴随让步不定式现在分词过去分词注：不定式和分词都可作结果状语，但用法和意义不同。不定式常和only, never连用，强调意想不到的结果和失望的情绪；而分词往往与主句有因果关系，主句表原因，分词形式表结果。3. 非谓语动词的选择原则：（1）与逻辑主语之间的关系：主谓或动宾；（2）与主谓语动词的时间关系：在主谓语之前一般用完成式；与主谓语同时发生一般用现在分词；在主谓语之后一般用不定式。4. 只能接-ing分词作宾语的动词(巧记)（1）建议冒险去献身，忍受期待不停顿；（2）I make a red saver camp.每个字母代表一个单词。 放弃延期悔失去，坚持欣赏实践成； 注意原谅避反对，考虑要求不自禁； 允许习惯不介意，价值开始想动名。它们所对应的动词或词组分别是：advise, suggest, risk, devote oneself to; have/bear/stand(忍受), look forward to, stop, give up, delay, put off, regret, miss; keep (on)/insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice, finish; pay attention to, excuse, escape, avoid, object to; consider, require, cannot help, forbid; permit, be/get used to, mind; be worth, set about, imagine.三、题型归纳完形填空的解题要决一巧用首句信息：利用首句把握文章的体裁：如果文章开头交代事情发生的时间、地点以及人物等，毫无疑问就是记叙文；如果文章开门见山点明话题或作者的观点，那么很可能就是议论文或说明文。分析首句信息，预测下文内容：一般情况下，根据首句所给的线索，就能粗知短文的大概内容。由首句的提示，加上语法分析、逻辑推理，并借助于短文中关键词语所提供的信息以及上下文之间的关系，就能进一步确切了解短文内容，为确定答案开辟道路。例1：Monty owns a horse ranch(牧场) in San Sedro. Once when asked about his_, he told the story about a young man, son of a horse trainer.A. life B. success C. family D. education分析从本文的开头可以断定是记叙文，同时第一句话还透露出Monty有一定的成就。从后文的a horse trainer可知他出身贫贱，由此可以断定，人们不是询问他的生活，家庭或受教育情况，而是询问他成功的秘诀。例2：Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts on solo(单独的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them_.A. tired B. asleep C. conscious D. busy分析文章开头谈到一个人进行太空旅行会感到很孤单，因此通常给单独旅行的宇航员安排很多工作以排遣这种孤独的情绪。由常识可知，人在忙碌的时候不会感到孤单，而其他三项都与第一句话没有关系。例3：When I come across a good article in reading newspapers, I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so, I find the article on the_ side is also interestingA. each B. other C. another D. either分析作者非常喜欢阅读报纸上的文章，当他想要把那些好的文章剪下来保留时却发现其背面的文章也同样有趣。由文中的newspapers及常识可知报纸只有两面，故用other。1. -Help yourself to some apples and grapes, please. -_.A. Yes, of course B. Thank you C. Thats right D. Yes, I will.2. -Many happy returns of the day! -_.A. The same to you B. Me, too C. Thank you D. Dont be polite3. -Im sorry but I didnt mean to break it. -_.A. Why not be careful C. Why so carelessC. Be careful next time D. Youre too foolish4. -Thank you for your help. -_.A. With pleasure B. No, thanksC. Its my pleasure D. I didnt help you much5. -Bruce works very hard. -_.A. So he does B. So does he C. Its the same with you D. So you do6. -Are you sure its going to snow this weekend? -_.A. I dont think B. I think not soC. I dont think about it D. I dont think so7. -How do you like your Chinese teacher? -_.A. He is very kind B. Yes, I like him very muchC. No, I dislike him D. He is much better now8. -Ill be away for a few days. Would you mind looking after my dog? -Not at all._.A. Id rather not B. Id be glad toC. I have no time D. Id like it9. -Hey, look where you are going! -Oh, Im terribly sorry._.A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent noticed D. I dont notice10. -How often do you eat out? -_, but usually once a week.A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usually D. Generally speaking11. -Go for a picnic this weekend, OK? -_. I love getting close to nature.A. I couldnt agree more B. Im afraid notC. I believe not D. I dont think so12. -Lets go and have a good drink tonight. -_ Have you got the first prize in the competition?A. What for? B. Thanks a lot. C. Yes, Id like to D. Why not?13. -Now, where is my purse? -_!Well be late for the picnic.A. Take your time B. Dont worry C. Come on D. Take it easy14. -Excuse me, could you tell me the tim