DBear27s 中山大学硕士英语期末考试复习Unit 1-8单词+中英互译+作文复习.pdf

中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 1 目录目录 Review of Units 1 8 2 Unit 1 2 Unit 2 3 Unit 3 5 Unit 4 5 Unit 5 6 Unit 6 7 Unit 7 8 Unit 8 10 中译英 12 英译中 13 老师给的作文必考题目老师给的作文必考题目 14 Composition 作文 17 连接词 17 1 表示原因 18 2 表示好处 18 3 表示坏处 19 4 表示重要 必要 困难 方便 可能 19 5 表示措施 19 连接词 2 19 1 表示结论 19 2 表示肯定程度 20 3 引出新观点 20 4 引出详细解释 20 5 表示对照或其他观点 20 6 表示证据出现 20 7 表示推理 21 8 表示反复说明 21 也许可以借鉴的模板 21 agree or disagree 类型的题目 21 选择 支持 A or B 的题目 22 单一命题式单一命题式 22 有用的句式 有时间过一遍 有用的句式 有时间过一遍 22 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 2 Review of Units 1 Review of Units 1 8 8 Unit 1 1 ambiguous1 ambiguous Today s students have ambiguous feelings about their role in the world obscure Ambiguity n 课本 Today s university students are struggling to establish themselves but they still have ambiguous feelings about their future 2 pursuit2 pursuit 追赶追赶 追捕追捕 工作工作 消遣消遣 嗜好嗜好 事务事务 职业职业 研究研究 They are devoting their energies to what seems most real to them the pursuit of security the accumulation of material goods Games like chess are rather intellectual pursuits Pursue n 3 integrity3 integrity Is it too much to expect that even in this hard edged competitive age a college graduate will live with integrity civility even compassion He is a man of the highest integrity 正直 诚实 诚恳 business integrity 商业信誉 integral 构成整体所必需的 完整的 整体的 综合的 4 admit 4 admit admit to sth 承认 供认 许可进入 E g He admitted to the murder The vice president admitted to taking bribes admit of 容许 有 的可能 有 的余地 E g The regulations do not admit of our doing that 按照规定我们不能这样做 This sentence admits of several interpretations 这个句子可以有多种解释 5 at stake 5 at stake 在危险中在危险中 处于成败关头处于成败关头 Our children s education is at stake The company would do anything but risk their prestige at stake 公司绝不愿将自己的 信誉孤注一掷 6 tolerable acceptable passable 6 tolerable acceptable passable tolerant having or showing tolerance The heat was tolerable at night but suffocating during the day I m a tolerant man but your behavior is more than I can bear 7 other than different from except7 other than different from except The old man wanted to see nobody other than his grandson 除了他的孙子之外 这个 老人谁也不想见 8 indulge vt 8 indulge vt 迁就迁就 纵情于纵情于 放任放任 vi vi 放纵自己于放纵自己于 He no longer indulged himself in smoking 他不再过度过度吸烟了 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 3 It pleased me to indulge her wishes 放手满足满足她的愿望 使我感到高兴 9 alliance n 9 alliance n 联盟联盟 联姻联姻 结盟结盟 E g They made an alliance against common enemy league federation union alliance 这些名词均含 联盟 同盟 联合会 之意 league 普通用词 指为了共同的利益共同的利益而建立的地区性 全国性或国际性的联合组 织 也指民间或半官方组织的联盟 federation 泛指用条款固定下来的一切联合 尤指联邦政府 union 普通用词 指由若干个体结成的一个统一的整体 强调其永久性 alliance 普通用词 指对双方均有利双方均有利的任何联盟 10 inquire vt 10 inquire vt 询问询问 查究查究 enquireenquire The police will inquire into the cause of his death 警方将调查他的死因 inquire a matter of sb 向某人打听一件事 inquire about 查问 打听 了解 inquire upon 查问 打听 了解 inquire after 问候 inquire for 询问 要求见 某人 要买 某物 问候 inquire into 盘查 调查 追究 inquire out 问出 查出 ask ask demand demand inquire inquire questionquestion 这些动词均含有 问 询问 之意这些动词均含有 问 询问 之意 ask 最普通用词 可与 demand inquire 和 question 换用 但 ask 用于口语口语中 指提 出问题让人回答 demand 指根据自己的权利 职责或身份认为有必要弄清情况而正式发问 常隐含 命令命令对方回答的意味 inquire 较正式正式用词 指为得到真实情况而详细询问或调查了解 question 指因感到可疑可疑或为了解情况 弄清究竟而发问 有时指一连串的发问 11 outcome11 outcome consequence result effect outcome 这些名词均含 结果 之意 consequence 多指随某一事件引起的 必然或自然的不良结果不良结果 不强调直接的因果 关系 而侧重事件发展的逻辑关系 result 普通用词 含义广泛 侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果 而不是眼前的 结果 effect 指因某种原因直接产生直接产生的结果 着重持续稳定与其影响 outcome 普通用词 多指事物经过一系列发展经过一系列发展变化所导致的最终结局 而不是某 种原因的直接结果 常可与 result 通用 12 Constructive adj 12 Constructive adj 建设性的建设性的 构造上的构造上的 作图的作图的 I can not figure out why they ridicule this constructive suggestion 我弄不懂他们为什 麽嘲笑这一建设性建议 13 ethical adj 13 ethical adj 伦理的伦理的 道德的道德的 You can t divorce science from ethical questions 不能把科学与伦理问题截然分开 Unit 2 1 transferV 1 transferV 转移转移 调任调任 转乘转乘 n n 迁移迁移 移动移动 换车换车 汇兑汇兑 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 4 He intends to transfer the property to his son 他打算把财产转让转让给儿子 He was soon transferred to another post 他很快被调职调职 move shift transfer remove 这些动词均可表示 从一处移往另一处 之意 move 普通用词 指从一处到另一处的任何距离的转移转移 shift 侧重位置与方向位置与方向的改变 transfer 一般表示转送 移交转送 移交或迁移 尤指交通运输中的换乘或职务的调动等 remove 作 移动 解时 与 move 可换用 还可指撤职或开除学藉撤职或开除学藉等 2 2 asset n asset n 资产资产 优点优点 有用的东西有用的东西 3 3 comprehensive prehensive adj 全面的全面的 广泛的广泛的 综合的综合的 理解的理解的 She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject 她已全面全面掌握了这一学科 He was educated at the local comprehensive school 他曾在地区的综合综合中学受教育 4 succeed4 succeed 继承继承 When the duke dies his eldest son will succeed to the title 公爵去世之后 他的长子 将继承他的爵位 Succession in succession to Successor 继承人 Successive逐次 逐步地 顺序相承的 先后相继的 Succeed in doing 成功做某事 成功做某事 5 sophisticated adj 5 sophisticated adj 老练的老练的 精密的精密的 复杂的复杂的 久经世故的久经世故的 He was older than me and from London and I thought him very sophisticate Broadly speaking China is a net exporter of goods with a low technology content and a net importer of more sophisticated wares 宽泛地说 中国是纯粹的低技术含量产品的 出口商 是纯粹的更精密物件精密物件的进口商 6 regardless of 6 regardless of 不管不管 不顾不顾 1 She is determined to do regardless of all consequences 她不顾一切后果 决心这样做 2 They decorated the house regardless of cost 他们不惜工本装修这栋房子 3 课本 课本 Regardless of danger volunteers from an Italian organization for peace have gone to Baghdad the capital of Iraq to form a body shield for the purpose of preventing the US from bombing the place 7 dive7 diverse rse adj adj 不同的不同的 多种多样的多种多样的 They are the people from diverse cultures 他们是些有着不同文化背景的人 The program deals with subjects as diverse as pop music and Beijing Opera 节目涉及从 流行音乐到京剧这样形形色色的题材 Diversity 8 excel at 8 excel at 突出突出 擅长于擅长于 The firm excels at producing cheap transistor radios 这家公司在生产价廉的晶体管收音机方面胜于其他公司 课本 课本 John did not make much of a mark in his studies at school but he excelled at sports 9 allow for9 allow for 考虑到考虑到 顾及顾及 It s best to allow for shrinkage when buying cotton clothes 买棉布衣服时最好考虑到 它们的缩水率 We must allow for the train being late 我们必须想到火车会晚点的 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 5 Unit 3 1 1 CredenceCredence a 信用 信任 凭证 b As the big day approaches though some rumours appear to have more credence than others 随着大日临近 有些谣言似乎比别的更可信更可信 c 课本 课本 Despite their love for cars many people lend credence to 相信相信 the extensive use of the public transport system which can cut down on traffic congestion 交通拥挤 2 2 LamentLament a N V 悲伤 哀悼 恸哭 悔恨 b The children lament the death of their mother 孩子们哀悼母亲的去世 c Then the locomotive stopped whistling slowed down and came to a halt with a long lament 然后火车停止鸣笛 放慢速度 长叹一声之后停了下来 拟人的写作手法 3 3 ContemptableContemptable a 事情很让人轻视 可鄙的 可轻视的 下贱的 不值一谈的 主语为某种行为 i It was contemptible of him to speak like that about a respectable teacher 他这样 议论一位受人尊敬的教师真是为人所不齿 ii His cowardice in face of the enemy was contemptible 他在敌人面前胆小如鼠 真 是可鄙 b Contemptuous 轻视的 i He gave a contemptuous laugh 他轻蔑地笑了笑 ii Be contemptuous of sb c Contempt 轻蔑 藐视 4 4 ForgoForgo 摒绝摒绝 放弃放弃 对 断念对 断念 谢绝谢绝 a She decided to forgo dessert for a few days 她决定几天不吃甜点心天不吃甜点心 5 5 Short ofShort of a 除 之外 6 6 Tear upTear up 撕毁撕毁 a 课本 课本 The very thought of the speed at which the beautiful avenue was constructed electrified every visitor the road had only recently been torn up to lay drain pipes not long ago Unit 4 7 7 L Lie behindie behind a 曾经发生曾经发生 b 是 的原因 i Fundamental questions about the future structure of the financial services industry lie behind the controversy 在这场争论背后背后的 是有关金融服务业未来架构的基本问题 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 6 8 8 F Fly in the face of ly in the face of a 公然违反 公然反抗 b You can t fly in the face of good business rules and expect to be successful 你不能违背违背正确的商业规则同时还期望获得成功 9 9 L Line upine up a 安排 排队 招集 10 10 G Go by the boardo by the board 落空落空 公开公开 光明正大的光明正大的 正正大光明的大光明的 a He has let good manners go by the board long ago 他早就把好举止抛到九霄云外了 Unit 5 1 1 H Hold downold down a 压制 保住压制 保住 i Hold down the CTRL key as you drag text to copy it to the new location 拖动文本时按住 Ctrl 这样就可将该文本复制到新的位置 ii 课本 课本 It is a demanding task for a working woman to look after her parents and her children while holding down a job 2 2 W Work outork out 1 作出 拟 拟定 制定 计划一下 a I can t work out how much time it ll take me 我说不准说不准这要花多少时间 2 算出 求出 得出 推断出来 解决 a 课本 课本 At first we were worried about their first stay in a foreign country but things there worked out much better for them 3 产生效果 4 用尽 3 3 D Deteriorate eteriorate 恶化 变质恶化 变质 a a I Is apt to s apt to 易于易于 b 弄坏 使 恶化 退化 下降 c She was taken into hospital last week when her condition suddenly began to deteriorate 上周她的病情突然开始恶化恶化 她被送进了医院 4 4 O Overwhelmverwhelm a 使 感动 i 用感情等 制服 使十分感动 使不好意思 使不知所措 ii You overwhelm me with your generosity 你对我太宽厚了 b 压倒 打击 i The fact is that the overwhelming majority of scientists say that the earth is inperil if we do not act now she said 她说 事实上 绝大多数绝大多数科学家都表示 假如我们现在不采取行动的话 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 7 地球将处于严重的困境之中 ii Never yield to force never yield tothe apparently overwhelming mig ht of the enemy Winston Churchill 永远不要屈服于力量 永远不要屈服于敌人的看似强大强大的实力 温 斯顿 丘吉尔 5 5 S Subsideubside 建筑物下沉 天气的平息建筑物下沉 天气的平息 6 6 S Subsidize ubsidize 补助金 贿赂补助金 贿赂 a Subsidy 补助金补助金 b Subsidiary 辅助的 次要的 辅助的 次要的 7 7 B Begrudgeegrudge 嫉妒 舍不得嫉妒 舍不得给 羡慕给 羡慕 a a She did not begrudge the money spent on her children s education 她决不吝惜吝惜花在她子女身上的教育费 b b She begrudge the beauty of here friends 她嫉妒嫉妒朋友的美貌 c c G Grudge rudge 吝啬 怨恨吝啬 怨恨 8 8 F Fit in with sb or sthit in with sb or sth 装配好 适应 融入装配好 适应 融入 Unit 6 1 1 B Be the last person thate the last person that a a Y You are the last person I want to marry ou are the last person I want to marry 死也不要嫁给你哦 死也不要嫁给你哦 2 2 E Encroachncroach a 侵占 占侵占 占用用 i Encroach one s time ii Never do anything to encroach upon the interests of others for your own good 绝不要做任何损人利己的事情 3 3 FootingFooting 1 立足点 关系 基础立场 2 She saw quite well that she was not treated on a footing of equality 她看得很清楚 她并没有受到平等对待 4 4 Act onAct on 对对 起作用 按起作用 按 行动 作用于 代表行动 作用于 代表 行事行事 a a He has no authorization to act on our behalf 他没有权利代表我们 b My idea is that we shall act on his suggestion 5 5 Be preferable toBe preferable to 比 更好比 更好 a a 优于优于 胜过胜过 b b Would it be preferable to leave tomorrow 明天动身是不是更更好 c 课本 课本 Don t you agree with the statement that health without wealth is preferable to wealth without health 6 6 FertilityFertility a 一个丰产的一年 a fertility of year 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 8 b 土地肥沃 fertility of soil c 生殖力 生育力 d 肥沃 丰饶 肥力 肥 沃 度 土地的 生产力 e Fertility in China How Much Has It Really Declined 中国的生育率生育率 到底下降了多少 Unit 7 1 1 Be commensurate withBe commensurate with a Foreign Language Teaching Should Be Commensurate with the Characteristics of the Epoch of Innovation 外语教学应与注重创新的时代特征相结合 b The degree of punishment shall be commensurate with the crime committed and the criminal responsibility to be borne by the offender 刑罚的轻重 应当与犯罪分子所犯 罪行和承担的刑事责任相适应 c 课本 课本 Ambition is often regarded as being commensurate with bad sense because the single minded have tried to achieve their goals by fair means or foul and often harm others 2 2 DistinctionDistinction a 差别 区别 区分 i The nice distinction in appearance between the twins did not escape him 这对双胞 胎外貌上的细微差异细微差异没有逃过他的注意 b 特征 特性 个性 c 殊动 大功 荣誉 勋章 荣誉称号 d 贵 地位 盛名 头衔 称号 成就 i That would have made him a man of distinction 这能显示出他地位的卓越 3 3 SatiateSatiate a 注意 satiate 在这不是一般的满足的意思 不能和 Satisfy 等同 这里的意思是由 于拥有太多的某样东西而感觉到再也不需要了 give sb so much of sth so that they do not feel they want any more b In review a novel you shall try to titillate rather than satiate the reader s interest 评论一 本小说的时候 你应想办法刺激而不是满足读者的兴趣 4 4 under the counterunder the counter a 私下的 私下销售的 b I would not be totally surprised to learn that under the counter payments happen in the UK 我不会很惊讶 英国存在着 台下交易 c This man sold the stolen watch to John under the counter 这个人静静地把偷回来的 手表卖给 d That book is already banned But you can get it under the counter 这本书已经被禁了 但你可以在黑市买到 e Under the counter of the dhow the whale boat was tossing furiously 船尾下面船尾下面 我们的 救生艇在后面激烈地颠簸着 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 9 5 5 Far fromFar from a n 1 远离 2 广泛地 b adv 1 远非 决不 谈不上 远远没有 c President Medvedev made clear the matter is far from resolved 梅德韦杰夫总统明确表 示 这件事还远远没有解决 6 6 Identify withIdentify with a 视 为一体 认同 b When you grow in spiritual consciousness we identify with all that is in the world so there is no exploitation 当你是在一个有灵性良心的环境下的时候 你会认为世界充 满了这些所以就没有了压迫 c While we seem to admire male icons we seem to need to identify with our female ones 在人们崇拜男偶像的同时 也应该认同女性偶像 7 7 Argue sb intoArgue sb into a 通过争论使某人做某事 b Argue sb into out of doing sth 说服某人做 不做 某事 8 8 PossessPossess a How much money does he POSSESS 他拥有拥有多少钱 b I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you POSSESS 愿你失去更多 让你知道珍 惜一切一切 c He does not POSSESS such qualifications as are necessary to be an actor 他并不具备具备 一名演员应有的资格 9 9 On be half ofOn be half of a I m drinking on be half of my brother now 我现在是替我哥哥喝得 b 代表 为了 的利益 10 10 HypocrisyHypocrisy a 伪善 虚假 不忠 b Hypocrite 虚伪的人 c Hypocritic 伪善的 言不由衷的 d An unerring faculty for detecting HYPOCRISY is one of her most useful attributes 能 无误地看出伪善的能力是她身上最有用的特征之一 e HYPOCRISY is nothing better than skin deep holiness 假冒为善与肤浅的圣洁不相 上下 f But the wisdom from above is first pure then peaceable forbearing compliant full of mercy and good fruit impartial without hypocrisy 唯独从上头来的智慧 先是纯洁的 后是和平的 和蔼的 柔顺的 满有怜悯和善果 没有偏见 没有假冒没有假冒 11 11 Own up toOwn up to a 一般是 承认错误或罪行 b Own up to your wrong doings and save yourself a lot of trouble 你承认自己的错误可 以节省很多的麻烦 c You d better own up to your faults 你最好承认错误 d 课本 Certainly some people are very interested in their rank and fame But what has happened is that they do not own up to it 12 12 AmbitiousAmbitious a Jack was an ambitious young man one of his dreams was to fight his way into the 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 10 fashionable world 杰克是个有抱负的年轻人 他的一个梦想是通过奋斗进入上流社 会 13 13 At an endAt an end a I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end 14 14 Be distrustful ofBe distrustful of 15 15 Be to blame for sthBe to blame for sth 应受责备某事应受责备某事 应对 负责人应对 负责人 Unit 8 1 1 WholesomeWholesome a 适合卫生的 有益健康的 b 身体 健全的 有生气的 c 安全的 d Her parents want her to marry a nice wholesome young man 她的父母希望她能嫁一 个善良健康的人 e I find it wholesome to be alone the greater part of the time 我发现更多的时间独处是 合乎健康的合乎健康的 2 2 See to it thatSee to it that a 注意 留意 务必 一定注意到 b 管到底 i 课本 They try to be assiduous and earnest and see to it that they finish their work smoothly they never give any thought to personal fame and position ii Would you see to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim 你负责 保证孩子们在游泳之后吃到一顿热饭 好吗 iii The manager agreed to see to the matter himself 经理答应亲自过问亲自过问这件事 iv You will see to it that the engine does not get out of order 留心别让发动机出毛 病 3 3 In a narrow senseIn a narrow sense a 在某种意义上 b 狭义上来说 4 4 IrreproachableIrreproachable 没有缺点的 不可责备的 完美无缺的没有缺点的 不可责备的 完美无缺的 a Reproachable 应责备的 b Reproach 责难 责备 v c He seemed to feel that by his own irreproachable regularity he would clear himself of blame 他觉得靠自己这种完美无缺的条理性 就可以免于旁人的责备 d 课本 The morals of good men must be irreproachable and they mustn t be so indifferent to the things causing harm to society 5 5 Be deserving ofBe deserving of 值得值得 a The bearer of this is Mr Zhang whom I personally know to be a most deserving person for your position 这里介绍的张先生 我个人认为是这个位置最好的人选 6 6 Far be it from meFar be it from me a Far be it from me to condemn him 我决不我决不责备他 b Far be it from me to call her an ugly woman 我决不会决不会说她是丑女人 7 7 Keep out ofKeep out of 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 11 a 回避 不介入 置身事外 b 拒之于 之外 把 挡在 外 c The children have been warned to keep out of the fields while the crops are growing 已 经告诫孩子们不要在庄稼生长的时候走进庄稼地 d Do not reuse mask One use only Do not use on broken or irritated skin For external use only Keep out of the reach of children 不要重复使用面膜 一片只使用一次 破损或过敏肌肤勿使用 外部仅使用一次 远离儿童 8 8 Follow suitFollow suit a 跟出同花色的牌 b 学样 照着做 仿效 照此办理 i 课本 Many people were against him for his violation of some conventional concepts But still some others followed suit ii When such a big country takes such measures then other countries will and must follow suit he said 他说 当如此大一个国家采取这种措施时 其他国家将会 也必须仿效仿效 iii The national government will also be urged to follow suit with drastic measures 国家政府也将针对此问题推进积极的措施 9 9 Keep track ofKeep track of a 1 流着 b 2 记 记录 记住 i Her mother used to keep track of every penny she spent 她母亲从前把自己所花 的每一分钱都记记下来 c 3 关注 注意 密切注视 d 4 跟踪 找到踪迹 e 5 弄清 随时知道 10 10 Derive fromDerive from 来自来自 起源于起源于 11 11 On the grounds On the grounds 因为因为 a on the ground 从基础开始 在地上 b She filed for a divorce on the grounds that he was not devoted to her 她提出离婚 理由理由 是他对她不忠 c 课本 课本 The poor man was sentenced to be imprisoned for life on the ground s that he had stolen bread from a store 12 12 Consist of inConsist of in 13 13 Abstain fromAbstain from a 不参加 投弃权票 不说 没有 b 戒除 避开 v c To abstain from sin when a man cannot sin is to be forsaken by sin not to forsake it 当 一个人己沾不了罪 是被罪舍弃 而非放弃它 14 14 In a drawIn a draw 平局平局 15 15 InstillInstill a 逐渐培养 灌输 滴注 b Instill the New Generation with the Doctrine of Three Representatives 以 三个代表 铸造一代新人的灵魂 c Instill optimism and self confidence but stay grounded in reality 中山大学研究生英语期末考试复习资料 DannieBear 2010 2011 12 虽说虽说要乐观自信 但也要脚踏实地 16 16 Bring aboutBring about 17 17 Come throughCome through a 来 传来 b na 做满 到了 日期 c 穿过 开过 d 生存 挺过去 度过难关 e 送到 寄到 f 接通 成功 i 课本 课本 What they had gone through in looking after their sick old father made them more compassionate and they made a donation to the nursing home ii The industry may feel it has come through a near death experience in better shape than it could have hoped at the beginning of the year 业界可能会觉得他们 已经在鬼门关走过一回在鬼门关走过一回 来年孕育着希望 再怎么说也不会更差了 iii The industry will come through it but it will be a radically different industry 这个 行业会渡过难关的会渡过难关的 但是整个行业的面貌会跟过去有很大的不同 中译英中译英 1 If only advances in fuel quality and efficiency and in technology would radically reduce the emissions from automobiles 2 As far as I am concerned what really lies behind the decision of some married couples not to start a family is that they are so narcissistic and have no margin of love to spare others 3 According to the rule that every member should remain childless Mr and Ms white have no alternative but to withdraw from the Non Parent Association for they will attain parenthoo