AB级考核知识点(二)词型变换和词缀.doc

高等学校英语应用能力考试AB级辅导词汇部分解题技巧（二）1、 electric为“电的，用电的，带电的”，指任何电动的或发电的装置，被修饰的物体本身可带电。如: electric light, electric stove, electric piano, electric motor, electric bell。又如： Please connect the two electric wires. 请将这两根电线接起来。 名词：electricity 2 electrical为“电的，与电有关的，电气科学的”，指与电有关的事物，被修饰的词本身并不能带电。 如：electrical engineer, electrical energy, electrical engineering。又如： All the electrical work was done by my younger brother. 所有的电工活都由弟弟来干。 3、electronic是电子的，与电子有关的 名词：electronics historic historical 前者这个形容词是作“具有历史意义的”讲，后者这个形容词是作“与历史有关的”或“历史上的”讲，要加以区别。（例如：historic cities/castle/document/occasion/times，etc historical limitations/society/character/play，etc 比较：a historic novel一部有历史意义的小说；a historic event值得纪念的历史事件；etc a historical novel一部历史小说；the historical event历史上确有其事的事件；etc Economy n. economy class economic 与economical Economic adj. 经济的，经济上的；经济学的 economic recovery economic growth economical经济的，节俭的，节约的，节省的，省俭的 economical electric energy economical price economical method 动词后缀 -ate 做 donate 捐献 imitate 模仿 -en 使 成为 shorten缩短 sharpen 使尖锐 encourage 鼓励 strengthen 加强 -fy ify 使化 beautify 美化 satisfy 使满意 simplify 简化 -le 反复、连续及动作声 winkle 闪烁 jingle 响起叮当声 -ize 使化 realize 实现 socialize 使社会化6. n.-v.-en (en-) : strength strengthen; threat-threaten; courage- encourage -ify: classclassify; signsignify象征；预示-ize: organ-organize真题实例：1. It is well-known that sports will (strength)_strengthen_ the friendship between nations.2. The local government is trying to raise money to (modern)_modernize_ the citys public transport system.7. adj.-adv.构成副词的后缀为 ly, 表示：以方式；从角度；每隔. Regularregularly; truetruly; happy-happily 1.The price of oil in the world market has (great) _ increased in recent months. (2005年12月）2. Some people do believe that smoking will (certain) _ cause lung cancer.(2005年6月）3. He seemed very young, but he was (real) _ older than all of us. (2003年12月）4. The secretary is so efficient that his boss thinks (high) _ of him. (2003年6月）5. I thought his explanation was (unnecessary)_ complex.(2001年6月）6. I didnt attend the evening party; but (apparent)_-, it was a great success. (2001年6月）7.It has been a long winter, and were (eager)_ waiting for the coming of spring. (2005年1月）8. The little girl gave an (extreme)_ wonderful performance last night. (2002年12月）9. After the flood, life was (extreme) _ difficult for farmers in this area. (2006年6月).补充： A、B级考试中，section B部分除了涉及上述词性转变外，也包括相应的语法结构方面的变化，主要涉及非谓语、倒转句、虚拟语气以及形容词副词的比较结构、动词的时态语态、主谓一致及名词单复数等，将在语法部分讲解 。还有一部分为非词性变化的词形变化，即词汇的否定形式：否定前缀6个：un-: （名、形、动） unhappiness, unusual, unable, unfair, unfortunately, unnecessary, unfriendly, unimportantdis-：( 名、形、副） disagreement, dishonest, disadvantageim-: (以m-, p-, b-, in开头的词） immoral, impossible in-（名、形） inability, incorrect, inequalityir-（以r-开头的形容词） irregular, irresponsibleil:-:（以l-开头的形容词）illegal否定后缀1个：-less：homeless, friendless, hopeless容易混淆的词：1） 动词 名词 advise advice practise practice affect effect2) 形容词 形容词 sensitive sensible late lately a