牛津高中英语模块五 Unit1 动词不定式用法要点点拨.doc

动词不定式用法要点点拨请根据以下所给句例归纳出动词不定式的相关用法。1. (1) It is stupid of you to go out in the hot sun without a hat.(2) The question raised by the student is difficult to answer.2. We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.3. (1) The enemy had no choice but to give in.(2) I had nothing to do but wait.4.(1) I consider him (to be) one of the best biology teachers of No. 1 Middle School. (2) We consider him to have been the first to break the record.5. (1) On seeing the child fall into the lake, John ran to rescue him.(2) He was seen to enter the bank with a black bag.6. I would like to see him tomorrow.7. Would you please give me some paper to write on?8. (1) Mr. Zhao is always the first man to arrive at the office and the last to leave. (2) Weve got plenty of time to visit the museum.9. (1) To get a good grade, he studies very hard every day.(2) I rushed to the station as fast as I could, only to find the train already gone.10.(1) I dont know which book to choose. (2) When to set out has remained undecided.(3) The question is how to make the machine work again.11.Have you got something for me to do?12.Tell him not to shut the door.从上面的句子中，我们可以归纳出动词不定式的如下用法：1. 当形容词是表示人的品质的词时，常用“It + be +形容词+ of sb. + to do”，相当于“Sb. is +形容词+ to do”；部分形容词后接不定式，用主动形式表示被动意义，该句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，常见的此类形容词有：comfortable, easy, dangerous, difficult, expensive, fit, impossible等。2. 当动词不定式充当宾语且其后有宾语补足语时，常用形式宾语it代替不定式，即“主语+谓语动词+ it +宾语补足语+ to do”。3. 介词but, except, besides等前如有动词do时，其后一般用不带to的不定式；如其前没有do，则一般接带to的不定式。4. 部分动词（如believe, consider等）后常接“to be +形容词、名词短语等”，有时to be可省略，但当不定式是完成式时，to不能省略。5. 感官动词和使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式须省略to，但此类句式变为被动语态时，to不能省略。 6. 一些动词如like, hate, love, prefer等前面加上情态动词would时，其后要用不定式。 7. 动词不定式与被修饰词之间是动宾关系时，如果不定式是不及物动词，动词后需跟与其相搭配的介词。 8. 由序数词，last，plenty of等修饰的名词常用不定式作定语，另外，next，only或形容词最高级修饰的名词后也常用不定式作定语。 9. 不定式作状语表示目的，或用于so as或in order之后来强调目的，so as to一般不用于句首；不定式可以表示结果，特别是so . as to, such . as to, only to . 以及too . to等结构中。10. “wh- 疑问词+不定式”或“whether +不定式”构成的不定式短语，其作用相当于一个从句，常作某些动词的宾语，此类动词有know, see, decide, tell, ask, consider, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, observe等。此类不定式短语还可以作主语或表语。11. something，anything，nothing等后面常跟for +宾语+ to do。 12. 动词不定式的否定形式通常是在to前加not。从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. （北京2004）A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take2.Can the project be finished as planned?Sure, _ it completed in time, well work two more hours a day. （福建2005）A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get 3.He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left. （广东2005）A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found 4.AIDS is said _ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. （湖北2006）A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been5.There is nothing more I can try _ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. （上海2007）A. being persuaded B. persuadingC. to be persuadedD. to persuade6.The pressure _ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also makes them lead a busy life.A. to competeB. competing C. to be competedD. competed7.There is a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _ trouble. A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. made8.It is dangerous _ after drinking, so Mr. Smith tells his son _ that.A. to drive; never to doB. driving; never doC. to drive; never doingD. driving; never does9.The company is the first _ personal computers.A. producingB. having producedC. producedD. to produce10.The purpose of the new machine is to make work much easier, _ it more difficult.A. not making B. not make C. not to make D. not made11.As a result of laziness, I failed _ the work in time.A. finishing B. to be finished C. finished D. to finish12.The director had her assistant _ some hot dogs for the meeting. (2008全国卷II)A. picked up B. picks upC. pick up D. picking up1