英语诵读菁华.doc

英语诵读菁华GenerationOne generation passeth away, and another generation cometh: but the earth abideth for ever. The sun also ariseth, and the sun goeth down, and hasteth to his place where he arose. The wind goeth toward the south, and turneth about unto the north; it whirleth about continually, and the wind returneth again according to his circuits. All the rivers run into the sea; yet the sea is not full; unto the place from whence the rivers come, thither they return again. All things are full of labour; man cannot utter it; the eye is not satisfied with seeing, nor the ear filled with bearing. The thing that hath been, it is that which shall be; and that which is done is that which shall be done; and there is no new thing under the sun.The Bible:Ecclesiastes;1:4-9世世代代一代过去，一代又来；地却永远长存。日头出来，日头落下，急归所出之地。风往南刮，又往北转，不住的旋转，而且返回转行原道。江河都往海里流，海却不满；江河从何处流，仍归还何处。万事令人厌烦，人不能说尽；眼看看不饱，耳听听不足，已有的事，后必再有；已行的事，后必再行；日光之下并无新事。圣经旧约传道书：1：4-9Corinthians13:4 Love is never tired of waiting; love is kind; love has no envy; love has no high opinion of itself, love has no pride;13:5 Loves ways are ever fair, it takes no thought for itself; it is not quickly made angry, it takes no account of evil;13:6 It takes no pleasure in wrongdoing, but has joy in what is true;13:7 Love has the power of undergoing all things, having faith in all things, hoping all things.13:8 Though the prophets word may come to an end, tongues come to nothing, and knowledge have no more value, love has no end.哥林多前书13:4 爱是恒久忍耐，又有恩慈。爱是不嫉妒，不自夸，不张狂；13:5 不作失礼的事，不求自己的益处，不轻易动怒，不计较人的过犯；13:6 不喜欢不义，只喜欢真理。13:7 爱是凡事包容，凡事相信，凡事盼望，凡事忍耐。13:8 爱是永存不息的。先知的讲道终必过去，方言终必停止，知识终必消失。PrinciplesHow can our principles become dead, unless the impression (thought) which correspond to them are extinguished? But it is in thy power continuously to fan these thoughts into a flame. I can have that opinion about anything, which I ought to have. If I can, why am I disturbed? The things which are extenal to my mind have no relation at all to my mind. Let this be the state of thy affects, and thou standest erect. To recover thy life is in thy power. Look at things again as thou didst use to look at them; for in this consists the recovery of thy life.Marcus Aurelius: Meditations原则我们的原则怎么能死去呢？除非那符合于它们的印象（思想）熄灭。但是不断地把这些思想扇成旺盛的火焰是在你的力量范围之内。我对任何事情都能形成那种我应当拥有什么的意见。如果我能，我为什么要烦恼呢？那在我的心灵之外的事物跟我的心灵没有任何关系。让这成为你的感情状态， 你就能坚定地站立。恢复你的生命是在你力量范围之内， 再用你过去惯常的眼光看待事物，因为你生命的恢复就在于此。马可奥勒留：沉思录（梁实秋译）Begin the MorningBegin the morning by saying to thyself, I shall meet with the busy-body, the ungrateful, arrogant, deceitful, envious, unsocial. All these things happen to them by reason of their ignorance of what is good and evil. But I who have seen the nature of the good that it is beautiful, and of the bad that it is ugly, and the nature of him who does wrong, that it is akin to me, not only of the same blood or seed, but that it participates in the same intelligence and the same portion of the divinity, I can neither be injured by any of them, for no one can fix on me what is ugly, nor can I be angry with my kinsman, like feet, like hands, like eyelids, like the rows of the upper and lower teeth. To act against one another then is contrary to nature; and it is acting against one another to be vexed and to turn away.Marcus Aurelius: Meditations清晨伊始每日清晨对自己说，我将要遇到好管闲事的人、忘恩负义的人、狂妄无礼的人、欺骗的人、嫉妒的人、孤傲的人。他们所以如此，乃是因为他们不能分辨善恶。但是我，只因我已了悟那美丽的“善”的性质，那丑陋的“恶”的性质，那和我很接近的行恶者本身的性质他不仅与我在血统上同一来源，而且具有同样的理性与神圣的本质，所以我既不会受他们任何一个的伤害（因为没人能把我拖累到堕落里去），亦不会对我的同胞发怒而恨他；我们生来是为了合作的，如双足、两手、上下眼皮、上下排的牙齿。所以彼此冲突乃是违反自然的，表示反感和厌恶便是冲突。马可奥勒留：沉思录（梁实秋译）LifeWe ought to consider not only that our life is daily wasting away and a smaller part of it is left, but another thing also must be taken into the account, that if a man should live longer, it is quite uncertain whether the understanding will still continue sufficient for the comprehension which strives to acquire the knowledge of the divine and the human. For if he shall begin to fall into dotage, perspiration and nutrition and imagination and appetite, and whatever else there is of the kind, will not fail; but the power of making use of ourselves, and filling up the measure of our duty, and clearly separating all appearances, and considering whether a man should now depart from life, and whatever else of the kind absolutely requires a disciplined reason, all this is already extinguished. We must make haste then, not only because we are daily nearer to death, but also because the conception of things and the understanding of them cease first.Marcus Aurelius: Meditations生命 我们不应该只是怀想，生命是一天天地消逝，来日所余无多；我们也要想一想，假使寿命可以延长，我们的心灵将来是否仍可同样的适宜于了解事实以及对于与人的事物之沉思冥想，恐怕是个疑问吧？因为如果一个人寿至期颐，呼吸的能力、消化、思虑、欲望，以及其他类似的能力，当然他还是有的，但是，一身精力之全部的使用，确切的克尽厥职，详细地分辨感官所接触的一切，清楚地判断结束自己生命的时机是否业已来临，以及其他类似的决定，都是极需要训练良好的思考能力的这些本领在他身上早已灭绝了。所以我们亟需努力向前，不仅是因为我们时刻在接近死亡，也是因为在死以前，我们的了解力与知觉力已经在逐渐消失了。马可奥勒留：沉思录（梁实秋译）StudiesStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules is the humour of the scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Books Read not to contradict and confute, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man.Francis Bacon（15611626）: Of Studies读书读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判明枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则娇，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。书本读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读。读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，味同嚼蜡矣。读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，作文使人准确。（王佐良译）What It Is to LoveGood shepherd, tell this youth what tis to love,It is to be all made of sighs and tears;It is to be all made of faith and service;It is to be all made of fantasy;All made of passion, and all made of wishes;All adoration, duty, and observance,All humbleness, all patience, and impatience,All purity, all trial, all observance.William Shakespeare: As You Like, Act 5, Scene 2恋爱是什么滋味好牧人，告诉这位后生恋爱是什么滋味。恋爱的形成就是唉声叹气泪水涟涟就是忠心耿耿终日效劳就是想入非非就是一腔激情一片心愿；一片仰慕敬意和尽心尽力毕恭毕敬，耐心十足，心急如焚，一片纯真，一切考验，一切顺从。Knowing and DoingIf to do were as easy as to know what were good to do, chapels had been churches, and poor mens cottages princes/s palaces. It is a good divine that follows his own instructions; I can easier teach twenty what were good to be done, than be one of twenty to follow mine own teaching. The brain may devise laws for the blood; but a hot temper leaps over a cold decreesuch a hare is madness the youth, to skip oer the meshes of good counsel the cripple.William Shakespeare: The Merchant of Venice, Act 1 Scence 2知与行 倘使付之于行和知道什么该付之于一样容易，那么小教堂变成了大礼堂，穷人茅舍便成了王侯宫殿。能够把布道内容付之于行的才算虔诚的牧师。我能够很轻松地教训二十个人什么可为，而要成为这二十个人中的一个，遵循自己的教训，那就不容易了。头脑可以发明法律以约束激情，可是火爆性情则会越过冷冰冰的法令；青年是发疯的野兔， 跳过行动不了的老人智慧的罗网。Present MomentThere is not any present moment that is unconnected with some future one. The life of every man is a continued chain of incidents, each link of which things hangs upon the former. The transition from cause to effect, from event to event, is often carried on by secret steps, which our foresight cannot divine, and our sagacity is unable to trace. Evil may at some future period bring forth good; and good may bring forth evil, both equally unexpected. Joseph Addison（16721719）: Happiness Not Independent眼前目前的时刻与未来的时刻不是毫无关系的。每个人的生命都是意外事件组成的一个连续不断的链条，其中每个环节系于前一个环节，因果之间和事件之间的转变，往往是由隐秘的一步一步推进的，我们前瞻无法未卜先知，我们的灵魂也无从追本穷源。恶在未来的某个时期可能引出善；善可能引出恶，二者同样出人意料。约翰艾迪生：幸福不是独立的Human NatureTwo Principles in human nature reign;Self-love, to urge, and reason, restrain;Nor this a good, nor this a bad we call,Each works its end, to move or govern all;And to their proper operation still,Ascribe all good; to their improper, ill.Alexander Pope: An Essay on Man人性人性之中两大秉性主宰一切；自爱使人进取，理性使人收敛；我们既不谓之善，亦非谓之恶，二者各有因果，推动或支配一切；运用恰当，善莫大焉，运用不当，恶莫大焉。亚历山大蒲柏：论人Youth and Lost YouthIn the outset of life (and particularly at this time I felt it so) our imagination has a body to it. We are in a state between sleeping and waking, and have indistinct but glorious glimpses of strange shapes, and there is always something to come better than what we see. As in our dreams the fullness of the blood gives warmth and reality to the coinage of the brain, so in youth our ideas are clothed, and feel, and pampered with our good spirits; we breathe thick with thoughtless happiness, the weight of future years presses on the strong pulses of the heart, and we repose with undisturbed faith in truth and good. As we advance, we exhaust out fund of enjoyment and of hope. We are no longer wrapped in lambs wool, lulled in Elysium. As we taste the plaeasures of life, their spirit evaporates, the sense palls; and nothing is left but the phantoms, the lifeless shadows of what has been!Willian Hazilitt（17781830）: My First Acquaitance with Poets青春和失去的青春当我们年幼时（那时，我尤其有这样的感觉），我们的想象力是实实在在的。我们处于沉睡与苏醒之间时，能瞥见一些稀奇古怪的形状在影影绰绰却又辉煌灿烂地闪光，将来总有一些东西比我们面前的东西更加美好，如同在睡梦中充沛的血液给与大脑所想象的东西以温暖和真实性，在青春年少时，我们的思想也被蓬勃的朝气所包裹、滋养，我们无牵无挂幸福地呼吸，未来的重任推动着心脏有力搏动，我们对真与善寄托了不可动摇的信心，随着年事增高，我们将贮存的欢乐和希望耗竭一空。我们不再被小羊羔的鬈毛包裹着，不再在乐土之中让人抚慰。我们品尝生活的乐趣时，其精神实质一消失，感觉就变得腻味，除了留下一些幻象过去一切的无生命的投影以外，其他荡然无存！威廉哈慈利特：初识诗人ActorsThey are, sa it were, train bearers in the pageant of life, and hold a glass up to humanity, frailer than itself. We see ourselves at second-hand in them; they show us all that we are, all that we wish to be, and all that we dressed to be. The stage is an epitome, a bettered likeness of the world, with the dull part lefe out; and, indeed, with this omission, it is nearly big enough to hold all the rest. What brings the resemblance nearer is, that, as they imitate us, we, in our turn, imitate them. How many fine gentlemen do we owe to the stage? How many romantic lovers are mere Romeos in masquerade? How many soft bosoms have heaved with Juliets sighs? They teach us when to laugh and when to weep, when to love and when to hate, upon principle and with a good grace! Wherever there is a playhouse, the world will go on not amiss.Willian Hazilitt: On Actors and Acting演员演员们可谓人生大舞台上的挽裙裾者，举起一面镜子映照着人性，它比镜子更加脆弱，在他们身上我们间接地看到自身；他们向我们显示了我们的全部面目，我们所希望成为的人，我们所讨厌成为的人。舞台是一个缩影，是穷形尽相的尘世翻版，略去了乏味的部分；确实，经过这样的省略，舞台几乎大得足以包罗其他的一切。他们模仿我们，反之，我们也模仿他们，因而使得这种相似更为接近。我们有多少风雅男士得之于舞台？有多少浪漫情侣无非是乔装打扮的罗密欧？又有多少寸断柔肠发出了朱丽叶的叹息？演员教会我们何时畅笑，何时哀泣，何时怀爱，何时抱恨，既讲究准则又心甘情愿！凡是有戏院的地方，人间世态就会一切照旧，出不了乱子。威廉哈慈利特：论演员和演技FriendshipThere are persons who cannot make friends. Who are they? Those who cannot be friends. It is not the want of understanding or good nature, of entertaining or useful qualities, that you complain of; on the contrary, they have probably many points of attraction; but they have one that neutralises all thesethey care nothing about you, and are neither the better nor worse for what you think of them. They manifest no joy at your approach; and when you leave them, it is with a feeling that they can do just as well without you. This is not sullenness, nor indifference, nor absence of mind; but they are intent solely on their own thoughts, and you are merely one of the subjects they exercise them upon. They live in society as in a solitude.Willian Hazilitt: On Disagreeable People友谊有些人是无法交朋友的。他们是些什么人呢？那些不可能成为朋友的人。你所埋怨的并非是他们的缺少悟性或温和的性情，缺少有趣或有用的品质，相反，他们可能具有诸多引人瞩目的特点；可是他们对你有一点却抵消了所有这些特点那就是他们对你毫不关心。你如何看待他们， 好歹都无所谓。你接近的时候他们毫不表示高兴；你离开的时候， 抱有的感觉是他们有你和没你并无两样。这不是落落寡合，也不是无动于衷，或是心不在焉；而是他们一味专注于自己的思想，你仅仅是他们花费头脑去考虑的问题之一。他们生活在社会中如同独处一隅。威廉哈慈利特：论难处的人Knowing HimselfBut soon he knew himself the most unfitOf men to herd with Man; with whom he heldLittle in common; untaught to submitHis thoughts to others, though his soul was quelldIn youth by his own thoughts; still uncompelldHe would not yield dominion of his mindTo spirits against whom his own rebeldProud though in desolation; which could findA life within itself, to breathe without mankind.Lord Byron（17881824）: Childe Harolds Pilgrimage认识自我可是不久他就明知自己根本不宜与人结伴交往；他与人几无相同之处；生来不肯使自己思想服从他人，虽然他的灵魂，年轻时曾为自己的思想所征服；他自行其是，怎肯把心灵主权拱手交给心灵反抗的平庸之辈；孤掌难鸣而失傲骨；他的心灵自有一种生命，无需仰息芸芸众生。拜伦勋爵：恰尔德哈罗尔德游记LoveIf we reason, we would be understood; if we imagine, we would that he airy children of our brain were born anew within anothers; if we feel, we would that anothers nerves should vibrate to our own, that the beams of their eyes should kindle at once and mix and melt into our own, that lips of motionless ice should not reply to lips quivering and burning with the heart;s best blood. This is Love.Percy Bysshe Shelley: Essay on Love爱情我们如果说理，就会为人理解；我们如果想象，就希望我们头脑里虚无缥缈的产儿也重新诞生于对方的头脑；我们如果感受，就希望对方的神经和我们的产生共鸣，对方的眼神竟会顿时熠熠发光，和我们的交融在一起，冰冷木然的嘴唇是不可能对着颤动的燃烧着心灵一腔热血的嘴唇作出反应的。这就是爱情。雪莱：论爱情A LamentI O world! O life! O time!On whose last steps I climb, Trembling at that where I has stood before;When will return the glory of your prime? No moreOh, never more!IIOut of the day and nightA joy las taken flight; Fresh spring, and summer, and winter hoar,Move my faint heart with grief, but with delight No moreOh, never more!Percy Bysshe Shelley悲歌一啊，世界！啊，人生！啊，时间！登上了岁月最后一重山！ 回顾来路心已碎，昔日荣光几时还？ 啊，难追永难追！二日夜流逝中，有种欢情去无踪， 阳春隆冬一样悲，心头乐事不再逢。 啊，难追永难追！雪莱 （王佐良译）The PresentWe were wise indeed, could we discern truly the signs of our own time; and by knowledge of its wants and advantage, wisely adjust our own position in it. Let us, instead of gazing idly into the obscure distance, look calmly around us, for a little, on the perplexed scene where we stand. Perhaps, on a more serious inspection, something of its perplexity will disappear, some of its distinctive characters and deeper tendencies more clearly reveal themselves; whereby our own relations to it, our own true aims and endeavours in it, may also become clearer.Thomas Carlyle（17951881）: Signs of the Times现在如果能够真切认清我们这个时代的征兆，我们才算得聪明；了解时代的需要和优势，明智地调整自己在其中的位置，不要无聊地凝视朦胧的远方，我们大家都来平静地环视身边的一切，旁观我们所处的这个纷然杂呈的舞台，经过比较认真的审视，某种错综复杂之处将会消失，某些特殊的性质和比较深层的趋势就会比较清楚显露出来，从而我们自己与时代的关系，我们自己真正的目标和努力方向也可能变得比较清楚。托马斯卡莱尔：时代征兆Beauty The ancients called beauty the flowering of virtue. Who can analyse the nameless charm which glances from one and another face and form? We are touched with emotions of tenderness and complacency, but we cannot find whereat this dainty emotion, this wandering gleam, points. It is destroyed for the imagination by any attempt to refer it to organization. Nor does it point to any relations of friendship or love known and described in society, but, as it seems to me, to a quite other and unattainable sphere, to relations of transcendent delicacy and sweetness, to what roses and violets hint and foreshow. We cannot approach beauty. Its nature is like opaline doves-neck lustres, hovering and evanescent. Personal beauty is then first charming and itself, when it dissatifies us with any end; when it becomes a story without an end; when it suggests gleams and visions, not earthly satisfactions; when it makes the beholder feel his unworthiness; when he cannot feel his right to it, though he were Caesar; he cannot feel more right to it than to the firmament and the splendours of a sunset.Ralph Waldo Emerson（18031882）: Essays美品德开花古人名之曰美。从面容形体一闪而过难以言传的妩媚，谁能说得头头是道？我们为之触动的是温柔自负的感情，可是我们无从发现这种优雅的感情，这种游移的闪光指向何方。倘若尝试把美归之于条理组织，那就破坏了美而毫无想象的余地。美也不表明社会上大家知道和形容的友情或爱情方面的任何关系，不过在我看来，美表明一个迥然不同无从企及的领域，表明玄奥微妙和恬美的关系表明玫瑰和紫罗兰暗示和预示的意味，我们无法接近美。美的本质犹如乳白色鸽项的光泽，飘忽即逝外貌的美所以首先是妩媚而且在于本身，这时美不带任何目的而令人不满；这时美化为一个没有结局的故事；这时美令人想到的是闪光和幻景，而非尘世的满足；这时美使观者感觉到自己的微不足道；这时他不可能感到自己有资格拥有美，如同面对苍穹和夕阳的辉煌。拉尔夫沃尔多爱默生：文集The Depths of HeartIn the depths of every heart, there is a tomb and a dungeon, though the lights, the music,and revelry above may cause us to forget their existance, and the beried ones, or prisoners whom they hide. But sometimes, and oftenest at midnight, those dark receptacles are flung wide open. In an hour like this, when the mind has a passive sensibility, but no active strength; when the imagination is a mirror, imparting vividness to all ideas, without the power of selecting or controlling them; then pray that your griefs may slumber, and the brotherhood of remorse not break their chain.Nathaniel Hawthorne（18041864）: The Haunted Mind心灵深处每个人的心灵深处，都有一处坟墓一个土牢，虽然上面的灯火、乐声和狂欢可能使得我们忘掉了其存在和那些已经埋葬的死者，或是隐藏的囚犯，可是有些时候，多半是在夜半三更，那些黑暗的托命之地猛然敞开。在这样的时辰，当精神只有消极的感受力，却毫无积极的力量，当想象力是一面镜子，所有的思想湛然若揭，却没有能力去取舍或支配；此时祈祷你的悲痛能够沉睡，形影不离的懊悔莫要挣脱悲痛的锁链。纳撒尼尔霍桑：神魂不安TimesIt was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was