四六级冲刺必会语法2.doc

沪江网校沪江四六级四六级语法倒装完全倒装:又称全部倒装,是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。例如：Here comes the bus!部分倒装:指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。部分倒装的情况比较多，这里介绍两个在翻译中经常使用的部分倒装用法：1.only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。例1:Only in this way can you solve this problem.只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。2. not, not until，hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, never, no more, no longer, not only, no sooner, not only (but also) , neither nor等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。例子:No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.我刚到家就下起了雨。Seldom do I go to work by bus.我很少乘公共汽车上班。Neither Peter wanted the responsibility, nor did his wife.Peter不想承担责任，他妻子也不想。真题示例：例1：The manager never laughed；neither _(她也从来没有发过脾气).易错按汉语意思译为：she never lose her temper易错原因：不熟悉neither已经表达了没有的意思，不知道neither应跟一个倒装句此题答案为：did she lose her temper例2：The witness was told that under no circumstances _(他都不应该对法庭说谎).分析：under no circumstances中否定词no放句首，谓语必须部分倒装tell lie：撒谎 法庭：courtshould he lie to the court / tell lies to the court实战演练：1. If you dont go to his birthday party next Friday, _.A. so do I B. so will I C. nor do I D. nor will I2. By no means_to our plan for the trip.A. will she agree B. she will agree C. agrees she D. will agree she3. She didnt come to the party last Sunday. _, she must have made the party more exciting.A. If she came B. Would she come C. Had she come D. Did she come4. I received his mothers telephone call at eleven. _ that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday.A. Then did I know B. Only then I knew C. Only then did I know D. Only then knew I5. His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV, but _.A. a little did he hear B. little did he hear C. little heard he D. a little heard he6. During the war,_ but also he lost his wife and his child.A. not was his job in the lab taken away B. not only was his job in the lab taken awayC. not merely his job in the lab was taken away D. not just was taken away his job in the lab7. I think this is the first time that we have met. _anywhere.A. Before have we never seen each other B. Never before we have seen each otherC. Each other have we seen never before D. Never before have we seen each other8. _these ancient buildings in this city are!A. What perfectly protected B. How perfect protectedC. How perfectly protected D. What perfect protected9.We have been on duty for four hours and_.A. now comes your turn B. now does your turn comeC. now your turn comes D. comes now your turn10. _when we passed by its nest.A. Up into the blue sky did the bird fly B. Up into the blue sky the bird flewC. Up into the blue sky flew the bird D. Flew up into the blue sky the bird【答案及解析】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. C 5.B 6.B7.D 8.C .9.A 10.C1. nor will II will not go to his birthday party next Friday, either. if引导说明将来情况的条件状语从句，主句的时态应该是将来时态。2. 表示否定意义的介词短语在句中作状语置于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。这样的介词短语有：by no means, at no time, in no way, not in the least等。3. Had she comeIf she had come。if引导虚拟语气条件状语从句，在口语中或非正式场合可以把if省略掉而改用部分倒装。4. only修饰句子的状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句）位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。5. 具有否定意义的副词如：little, seldom, never, hardly, scarcely, rarely等位于句首时，句子的主谓部分倒装。6. not only.but also连接两个并列分句，且not only位于句首时，该分句主谓部分倒装。7. 否定副词ne