第3章 保险(Insurance)【国际工程实务英语】.doc

第三章 保险 (Insurance)第一节 保险基本知识(A Basic Knowledge of Insurance)一、保险 (Insurance) 从法学和经济学的角度看 in law or economics 规避承受某种意外损失的风险 hedge against the risk of a contingent loss 损失风险的公平转移 ekwitbl kntindntequitable transfer of the risk of a loss保险人 an insurer 被保险人 an insured 毁灭性损失 devastating loss devsteiti保险费率 insurance rate 保险费 premium pri:mim承保范围，保险范围 insurance coverage 独立的研究与实践领域 diskri:t a discrete field of study and practice 二、保险合同 (Insurance Contract)受益人 beneficiary ,benifiri承保期，保险期 the period of coverage 保险金额 the amount of coverage除外责任条款 exclusions iksklu:nz三、保险单 (Insurance Policy) plisi财务损失 financial loss 履行合同承诺 fulfill a contractual undertaking 由于公共责任或财产损失而对某家公司或某一个人采取法律行动。 Legal action is taken against a company or an individual on account of public liability or damage to property. 保险中投保最多的一种，是针对火灾、故意破坏或盗窃等财产的意外事故险。 that=insuranceOne of the most widely used insurances is that of property against such contingencies as fire, vandalism or theft. vndlizm eft 承担某一大型建筑项目 undertake a large construction project面临重大的财产损失，甚至是破产face a major financial loss, or even bankruptcy bkrptsi 建筑保单的措辞表达相互之间差异很大。 The construction policy wordings differ greatly from one another. 这是法律强制性要求的。 kmplsriIts compulsory by law. 义务的，强制性的汽车保险 motor insurance 雇主责任保险 employers liability insurance 公共责任保险 public liability insurance 承保范围 the extent of cover ikstent爆发战争 the outbreak of war 四、保险种类 (Types of Insurance)（一）公共责任保险 (Public Liability Insurance)be held liable for sth. 对某事负有责任be (legally) liable to do sth. （在法律上）有责任做某事 damages awarded against the insured 判决由被保险人承担的损失赔偿费damages awarded to the insured 将损失赔偿费判给了被保险人保险单对第三方的人身伤害（包括死亡，疾病，事故等）提供保障。 The policy protects against bodily injury to third parties including death, illness, accident, etc. 必须保护被保险人使之免于因财产遭受损失或损坏而引起的责任。 The insured must be protected against liability arising from loss or damage to property. 与伤害直接相关的裁定金额必须包括在内。 Awards directly related to the injury must be covered. 这里要提示一下，有一种叫做延续保险的保单可为合同期满后六个月内出现的责任提供保障。 It should be noted here that policies known as run-off policies are available to cover liability arising up to six months after the completion of contract. （二）工人意外伤害保险 (Insurance for Accident Injury to Workers)雇主责任保险单的目的，是保护承包商对其雇员在聘期内发生事故或患病时免于任何法律责任。 sustain 承受 维持 The purpose of an employers liability insurance policy is to protect the contractor against any legal liability for accidents to, or diseases sustained by, the contractors employees in the course of their employment.关于是否在法律上存在着一个灰色地带。 There is a “grey” area in the law as to whether or not 承包商将得到保护，免于承担因人身伤害或疾病引起的索赔责任。所有的法律费用、谈判费用以及理赔中所发生的各种费用都应涵盖在保单范围之内。 The contractor is protected against any claims for bodily injury or disease. All legal and negotiation costs as well as expenses incurred in settling the claim should be covered by the policy. 和所有的保单一样，支付赔偿费是有先决条件的。 As with all policies, certain conditions have to be met before any payments are made. （三）承包商全险保险 (Contractors All Risks Insurance) CAR 承包商全险保险针对承包的工程、建筑设备和建筑材料的损失或损坏，以及针对土木工程项目实施中所发生的财产损失或人身伤害所引起的第三方索赔，提供了广泛而充分的保障。 Contractors All Risks Insurance (CAR) offers comprehensive and adequate protection against loss or damage in respect of contract works, construction plant and equipment and/or construction materials, as well as third party claim in respect of property damage or bodily injury arising in connection with the execution of a civil engineering project. 它有助于降低总体施工费用。 It contributes to reducing the overall construction expenses. 它包括了火灾、雷电、爆炸、洪灾、雨灾、雪灾、地震、失窃、劣质工艺、疏忽和人为过失等。 It covers the risk of fire, lighting, explosion, flood, rain, snow, earthquake, theft, bad workmanship, negligence, human error etc. 间接损失保险 ,knsikwenlconsequential loss insurance （四）运输车辆保险 (Vehicle Insurance) 运输车辆保险的主要作用是为因交通事故而引起的各类损失和事故发生引起的责任提供保障。 The primary use of vehicle insurance is to provide protection against losses incurred as a result of accident and against liability that could be incurred in an accident. 乘坐被保险车辆的人员的人身伤害 injuries to persons riding in the insured vehicle 无过失汽车保险 No Fault Auto Insurance 车辆可以在盗窃、火灾损害或交通损害独立进行投标。 A vehicle can be insured against theft, fire damage or accident damage independently. Different policies specify the circumstance under which each item is covered. 针对保险事项的具体情况可选择不同的保单。一辆车可以办理失盗保险、火损保险或意外损害保险等。 A vehicle can be insured against theft, fire damage or accident damage independently. （五）安装全险保险 (Erection All Risks Insurance) EAR安装全险保险为机器的安装及涉及的少量土建结构工程（如基础、机座和灌浆等）承保。 The Erection All Risks Insurance covers the erection of machinery and the involved little civil structural engineering work (e.g. foundation, machine beds, grouting). 利润预损 advance loss of profits （六）利润预损保险 (Advance Loss of Profits Insurance) ALOP 开工延迟保险 Delay in Start-Up Cover 收入延缓保险 Delayed Earnings Insurance 租金损失保险 Loss of Rent Insurance 利润损失保险为受保人因承包商全险保单或安装全险保单工程部分条款承保的损失造成承包工程延误的利润损失提供保障。Advance loss of profits cover provides indemnity to the insured in respect of loss profits due to the contract works being delayed as a result of a loss insured under the terms of the works section of a Contractors All Risks or Erection All Risks policy. 第二节 保险索赔 (Insurance Claims)一、保险索赔须提交的证明资料 (Insurance Claim Documentation)一份有保单持有人签字的正式索赔告知函 an official letter signed by the Policyholder intimating the claim intimt 填写完备的索赔表 duly completed claim form任何原因的死亡赔偿 death due to any Case benefit死亡证明的原件或真的复印件original or true copy of the death certificate死者的护照复印件，护照上须有死亡时的有效签证 passport copy of the deceased with valid visa page at the time of death disi:st 法律允许的情况下，要求提供尸检报告；如果死于事故，还应同时提供警方报告 Whenever legally possible, a Post Mortem Report will be required, along with a police report if death was due to an accident 若死亡证明中未注明真实的死亡原因，须提交一份详细的医疗报告 a detailed medical report is to be submitted if the actual cause of death is not clearly mentioned on the death certificate 外交部 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 伤残赔偿 disability benefit 永久性全部伤残（终身丧失工作能力的伤残） permanent total disability 永久性部分伤残 permanent partial disability来自治疗医生（医院或诊所）出具的充分、完整的医疗报告原件，上面注明诊断结果、对病人未来的预断及伤残程度 original full and complete medical report showing diagnosis, future prognosis and percentage of disability from the treating doctor or hospital / clinic ,dainusis prnusis如果是住院治疗，须提供治疗医生或治疗医院的出院报告原件 original discharge summary if hospitalization was involved from the treating doctor or hospital 各种诊断性检查结果的原件复印件original copies of results of any diagnostic tests 暂时性全部伤残 temporary total disability 最近三个月的工资条复印件 Copy of the last 3 monthly salary slip遣返费用 repatriation expenses尸体防腐处理费、停尸处收尸费、棺材费等收据 imb:mi m: receipts for embalming charges / collection of body from the morgue / coffin charges etc. 陪伴尸体的人员的票的复印件 copy of ticket of the person accompanying the body 替代性索赔证据 （最后的补救方法/手段） Alternative Proof of Claim (Last resort)二、保险索赔实例 (A Case of Insurance Claim)这里所举的例子，是中国某施工公司施工现场发生意外事故引起的保险索赔案。混凝土浇筑后拆除模板时，由于支撑问题，钢模板倒下，砸伤了施工人员。事发后项目部处理得当：以最快的速度将伤者送至医院，同时保护现场，拍摄了事故实景，此后又及时告知保险公司、业主与咨询工程师。由于事故处理得当、索赔证据材料齐全，因此结果令人比较满意：伤者虽然骨折，但医治及时、正确，三个月后基本康复；索赔材料齐备，申报适时，最后得到了合理的赔偿。 下面是此案办理过程中承包商与保险公司的三封往来函件和承包商致咨询工程师的通报函，仅供参考。1. 信函实例3-1：承包商向保险公司报告发生事故 (Accident Report) From the Contractor to the Insurance Company Date: June 22, 2007Dear Sirs, This is to notify you that one of our employees, Mr. Li Zhi-qiang, was injured during his work on the construction site (Al Reem Island) at about 9:00 A.M. June 21, 2007. He was removing steel forms when suddenly one of the forms fell down and hit him. He was injured in the waist and was rushed to the hospital. He is now hospitalized, receiving medical examination and treatment. （兹通知贵方，我们的一位员工，李志强先生，于2007年6月21日上午大约9点钟在工地（Reem岛）干活时受伤。当时，他正在拆卸钢模板，突然一块模板倒下，砸到他身上。他腰部受伤，立即被送进医院。目前正在医院接受检查和治疗。）We shall submit all the necessary documents to you in due course. （我们将在适当的时候向贵方提交必要的文件。）Faithfully yours, Contractor 2. 信函实例 3-2：承包商致咨询工程师 From the Contractor to the Resident Engineer Date: June 22, 2007Dear Sirs, As we have orally reported and you have seen on site, the accident happened on the concrete plant around 9 oclock yesterday morning. A workman was injured by a vertical steel form which was improperly supported and fell down. （一块竖向钢模板因支撑不稳倒下，砸伤了一位劳工。）The injured man was sent to hospital timely, receiving medical examination and treatment. We have reported the accident to the insurance company and the details about the accident will come to you soon. Faithfully yours, Contractorc.c.：The Employer （抄送）3. 信函实例 3-3：保险公司的回复 (Response from the Insurer) From the Insurer to the Contractor June 24, 2007Dear Sirs, We are in receipt of your letter dated June 22, 2007 notifying us that one of your employees was injured during work. （你方2007年6月22日告知我方你们的一位员工工作时受伤的信件收悉。） We enclose herewith a Group Disability Claim Form for you to fill out. Please finish the form and return it to the Claim Department of our company within the specified time. （现随信寄上一份集体伤残索赔表请您填写。请将表格填写好后，于规定的时间送至我们公司的理赔部。）N.B.：Please attach all supporting medical reports and original receipts / invoices relevant to the claim for a speedy claim assessment and settlement. Please attach additional sheets to describe any of the details mentioned in the form if necessary. （注意拉丁语：请同时附上医疗报告及理赔相关的所有收据/发票的原件，以便索赔案快速得到评估与了结。如果需要对表中内容进行详述，可另加附页。） Sincerely yours, The Insurer Enclosure inklu 附件 4. 信函实例 3-4：保险索赔函 (Insurance Claim)From the Contractor to the Insurer December 15, 2007Dear Sirs, (further to关于之事)Further to our letter dated June 22, 2007, reporting that an accident occurred on our construction site and one of our workmen, Mr. Li Zhi-qiang was injured, on June 21, 2007, we hereby claim the compensation for the loss caused by the mentioned accident on Policy No. 02-364-2007-2. （我们曾于去函，报告了在我方施工工地发生意外事故，一名劳工（李志强先生）受伤。现依据02-364-2007-2号保单，对此次事故造成的损失提请索赔。）Please find enclosed herewith the documents as follows: 1. Group Disability Claim Form. 2. Medical report from the attending doctors. 3. Receipts for fees of medical tests, hospitalization and treatment. 4. Invoice for cost of crutches. krtiz5. Salary slips of the claimant (for three months, April, May, and June 2007). 6. ID Certificate of the claimant in UAE. （随信附上如下文件，请查收：1. 集体伤残索赔表。2. 主治医生出具的医疗报告。3. 医疗检查费、住院费以及治疗费的收据。4. 购置拐杖的发票。5. 索赔人的工资单6. 索赔人在阿联酋国的身份证明。）Faithfully yours, Contractor 第三节 FIDIC合同条件中的相关条款 (Relevant Provisions in FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Construction)一、通用条件 (General Conditions)18.1 有关保险的一般要求 (General Requirements for Insurances)保险方，投保方 the insuring Party effect insurance 办理保险 办理(一切险，人寿，工程，第三方责任)保险 to arrange / cover / provide / take out (all risks, life, project, third party liability) insurance 这些条件应与双方在中标函颁发日期前达成的条件相一致。 These terms should be consistent with any terms agreed by both Parties before the date of the Letter of Acceptance. 这一条件协议应优于本条的各项规定。 This agreement of terms shall take precedence over the provisions of this Clause. 专用条件所附细则 the details annexed to the Particular Conditions nekst如果要求某一保险单对联合被保人进行赔偿，则该保险赔偿应分别适用于每位被保人，如同各联合受保人均已发有单独的保险单。 If a policy is required to indemnify joint insured, the cover shall apply separately to each insured as though a separate policy had been issued for each of the joint insured. 投保方应要求所有附加联合受保人遵从保险单规定的条件。 The insuring Party shall request all additional joint insured to comply with the conditions stipulated in the policy. 每份承包损失或损害保险单应规定，赔偿金须以修复损失或损害所需的货币种类进行支付。Each policy insuring against loss or damage shall provide for damages to be paid in the currencies required to rectify the loss or damage. rektifai 工程与承包商设备的保险 Insurance against works and Contractors Equipment 人员伤害和财产损害的保险 Insurance against Injury to Persons and Damage to Property 合同可规定专利权的独家使用。The contract may provide for the exclusive use of the patent.从承保人所获之赔偿金应当用于修正（弥补）损失或损害。 ,rektifikein Damages received from insurers shall be used for the rectification of loss or damage. 投保方在支付每一笔保险费后，应将支付证明提交给另一方。 When each premium is paid, the insuring Party should submit evidence of payment to the other Party. 投保方应将工程施工过程中发生的任何相关变动通知给承保人，并确保依照本条的规定维持保险。 The insuring Party shall keep the insurer informed of any changes to the execution of the Works and ensure that insurance is maintained in accordance with this Clause. 未经另一方事先批准，任何一方不得对任何保险条款做出实质性的变动（或更改）。 Neither Party shall make any material alteration to the terms of any insurance without the prior approval of the other Party. ,:ltrein如果投保方未能按合同要求办理保险并使之保持有效，或未能按本款要求提供另一方满意的凭证和保险单的副本，则另一方可以（按他自己的决定且不影响任何其他权利或补救的情况下）为此类违约相关的险别办理保险并支付应交的保险费。 If the insuring Party fails to effect and keep in force any of the insurances which it is required to effect and maintain under the Contract, or fails to provide satisfactory evidence and copies of policies in accordance with this Sub-clause, the other Party may (at its option and without prejudice to any other right or remedy ) effect insurance for the relevant coverage of this default and pay the premium due. (it = the insuring Party)如果投保方未能办理合同要求办理并使之保持有效，且又可以办理的保险，而另一方既没有批准将其略去不办理，也没有为弥补此过失办理相关的保险，则任何通过此类保险本可收回的款项应由投保方支出。 If the insuring Party fails to effect and keep in force an insurance which is available and which it is required to effect and maintain under the Contract, and the other Party neither approves the omission nor effect insurance for the coverage relevant to this default, any money which should have been recovered under this insurance shall be paid by the insuring Party. 18.2 工程和承包商设备的保险 ( Insurance for Works and Contractors Equipment )全部复原费用 full reinstatement cost 拆除费用 cost of demolition ,demlin清除残骸费用 cost of removal of debris deibri: 此类保险应自根据第18.1款（有关保险的一般要求）(a)项提交凭证的日期起，至颁发工程的接收证书之日止保持有效。 This insurance should be effective from the date by which the evidence is to be submitted under sub-paragraph (a) of Sub-Clause 18.1General Requirements for Insurances, until the date of issue of the Taking-over Certificate for the Works. 投保方应将此类保险的效力保持到颁发履约证书之日，对承包商应负责的、颁发接收证书前出现的某项原因引起的损失或损坏，以及承包商在任何其他作业过程中造成的损失或损害进行承保。 The insuring Party shall maintain this insurance to provide cover until the date of issue of the Performance Certificate, for loss or damage for which the Contractor is liable arising from a cause occurring prior to the issue of the Taking-Over Certificate, and for loss or damage caused by the Contractor in the course of other operations. 全部重置价值 full replacement value 对于承包商的每项设备，其保险有效期应从设备被运往现场时起，直至不再将其作为承包商的设备使用为止。 For each item of Contractors Equipment, the insurance shall be effective while it is being transported to the Site and until it is no longer required as Contractors Equipment. 除非专用条件中另有规定 Unless otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions 基准日期 Base Date以合理的商务条件 at commercially reasonable terms 因雇主使用或占用工程的另一部分而对工程的某一部分造成的损失或损害 tribjutbl 归咎于 loss or damage to a part of the Works which is attributable to the use of occupation by the Employer of another part of the Works 每次发生（事故）的免赔额不应大于投标书附录中规定的款额 deductibles per occurrence shall not be more than the amount stated in the Appendix to Tender 本款规定的各项保险应以各方联合的名义投保，双方共同享有从投保人处得到的保险赔偿支付的权利，赔偿费仅用于修补损失或损害之目的，由双方共同掌管或分配 The insurances under this Sub-Clause shall be in the joint names of the Parties, who shall be jointly entitled to receive payments of insurance indemnity from the insurer，payments being held or allocated between the Parties for the sole purpose of rectifying the loss or damage. 18.3 人身伤害和财产损害的保险 ( Insurance against Injury to Persons and Damage to Property )投保方应为承包商履行合同引起的，且在履约证书颁发之前发生于任何物质财产的损失或损害，或发生于任何人员的死亡或身体伤害，办理每方责任险。 The insuring Party shall insure against each Partys liability for any loss , damage, death or bodily injury which may occur to any physical property or to any person, which may arise out of the Contractors performance of the Contract and occurred before the issue of Performance Certificate. 本款中规定的各项保险应以各方联合名义办理。 The insurances specified in this Sub-Clause shall be in the joint names of the Parties. 雇主有权在任何土地上，越过该土地，在该土地之下、之内或穿过其间实施永久工程，并为永久工程占有该土地。The Employer has the right to have the Permanent Works executed on, over, under, in or through any land, and to occupy this land for the Permanent Works.18.4 承包商人员的保险 ( Insurance for Contractors Personnel )承包商应针对承包商雇用的任何人员或承包商的其他任何人员的伤害、疾病、或死亡所导致的一切索赔、损害赔偿、损失与开支（包括法律费用和开支）的责任投保，并使之保持有效。 The Contractor shall effect and maintain insurance against liability for claims, damages, losses and expenses (including legal fees and expenses) arising from injury, sickness, diseases or death of any person employed by the Contractor or any other of the Contractors Personnel. 二、专用条件 (Conditions)承包商应对本合同要求的各项保险向一家保险公司投保；保险公司则应对发出的投保通知、保险单和保险背书予以签署和盖章。 The Contractor shall effect all insurances required under the Contract with an insurance company which shall sign and seal each cover note, policy and endorsement issued. 在收到开工令的10日内，承包商应提交保险通知书由工程师和业主核准，据此证明，所要求的各项保险已经办理完毕。此外，承包商应在收到开工令的35日内提交保险单，由工程师和业主予以核准。Within ten days after receipt of the Order to Commence, the Contractor shall submit cover notes for the approval of the Engineer and the Employer, proving that all the required insurances have been effected, and shall submit the insurance policies for the approval of the Engineer and the Employer with thirty five days after receipt of the Order to C