第七章 机箱和辅助设备.doc

7 ENCLOSURE AND ANCILLARY EQUIPMENT机箱和辅助设备7.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION总体描述The turbine engine is housed in a self-contained enclosure that is connected to the package frame. For safe package operation, the enclosure is equipped with a ventilation system, combustible gas monitors, and a fire detection and extinguishing system.透平引擎在一个设备齐全的连到框架包的机箱里。为了系统包运行安全，机箱装备有通风系统，燃气监视器，火焰探测和灭火系统。The following is a list of enclosure systems:以下是机箱系统的清单： Enclosure Structure and Components机箱结构和组成 Fire Detection and Extinguishing System火焰探测和灭火系统 Gas Monitoring System气体监视系统 Ancillary Equipment辅助设备NOTE小心In this chapter, the terms explosionproof, hazards protection, combustible atmosphere, and hazardous location are frequently used. These expressions indicate equipment is designed for use in Class I, Group D, Division 1 or 2 hazardous areas as defined by the National Electrical Code.在本章中经常使用防爆术语，危险保护，易燃空气和危险区域。这些设备为在由国际电气代码定义的Class I，D组，区域1或2危险范围内使用而设计的。A Class I, Division 1 location is one in which ignitable concentrations of flammable gases can exist under normal conditions. Class I（气体），区域1是在正常情况下可燃气体存在的场所。A Class I, Division 2 location is one in which flammable gases are normally contained within closed containers or systems from which they can escape only in case of rupture or breakdown of the containers or systems. Class I（气体），区域2是正常时可燃气体在密闭容器或系统里，只在容器或系统破裂或崩溃时才存在的场所。7.2 ENCLOSURE STRUCTURE AND COMPONENTS机箱结构和组成The enclosure structure (Figure 7.2.1) is a weather-tight assembly of steel panels. The sides of the structure include access doors and removable panels. The doors open to access components for inspection and maintenance. The panels can be removed to facilitate engine removal.机箱结构（表7.2.1）是一个钢板防风雨装置。此结构侧壁有检修门和可移动面板。打开门能对个部件进行检查和维护。为了方便引擎移出，面板能移动。Electrical devices incorporated in the enclosure are wired according to standard wiring practices and customer requirements. All wiring is laid in conduit or cable trays for protection. Enclosure electrical interface with the engine control system is shown on the electrical drawings.机箱里的电气设备按照标准配线和用户要求进行接线。所有的电缆都布在管线里或电缆支架，起到保护作用。机箱电气与引擎控制系统的接口都在电气接线图里。Figure 7.2.1 Typical Enclosure Structure表7.2.1典型机箱结构View graphic看图 透平光盘1art24021.pdfKey for Figure 7.2.1表7.2.1关键字1Access Doors检修门2Removable Roof Panels可移动顶板WARNING警告Rotate AUTO/INHIBIT switch to INHIBIT before opening enclosure doors or panels. Failure to do so may cause an accidental discharge of fire extinguishing agent.打开机箱门或面板前把手动/禁止开关打到禁止。如果操作错误，可能导致灭火剂意外喷出。7.2.1 Access Doors and Side Panels检修门和侧板Access doors, mounted on the enclosure side panels, are opened for inspection and maintenance of package systems. The doors and panels are constructed of a hollow steel shell, filled with insulating, sound-absorbing fiberglass. All panels and doors are sealed with weather stripping.用来检查和维护系统包的检修门安装在机箱侧板上。门和面板都是空心钢壳结构，里面用绝缘、消音的玻璃纤维填充。所有的门和面板都用防雨膜密封。The access doors have a safety handle that releases from inside the enclosure. The inside handle unlocks the door. To lock the door, press the button in the center of the door handle. To unlock, insert key and rotate counterclockwise; the button will extend out to the unlocked position.检修门有一个在机箱里面可以解锁的安全手柄。此内置手柄能打开门锁。按下门手柄中间的按钮就能锁上门了。插入钥匙并逆时针旋转；按钮将弹出到解锁位置，门就能打开了。7.2.2 Enclosure Ventilation Silencers机箱通风消音器The enclosure uses ventilation inlet and exhaust silencers. The silencers contain fire-resistant materials and absorb the machinery operating noises.机箱使用了进气和排气消音器。消音器有防火材料并能吸收机器运行的噪音。7.2.3 Ventilation Fan通风扇The enclosure ventilation fan is mounted on the exterior of the enclosure. The fan provides cooling air flow though the enclosure. The air flow prevents damage to heat-sensitive components. A backup ventilation fan activates if the enclosure ventilation fan does not achieve required air flow.机箱通风扇装在机箱外部。此扇提供冷气流过机箱。气流能防止损坏热敏元件。如机箱通风扇提供的气流达不到要求，则备用通风扇将启动。7.2.4 Dust Protection Filters灰尘保护过滤器The dust protection, barrier-type filters are installed at the enclosure inlet vents. The filters prevent dust from entering the enclosure. The exhaust vents are equipped with back-draft dampers to prevent dust from entering the enclosure when the unit is not running.栅型灰尘保护过滤器装在机箱进气口。过滤器阻止灰尘进入机箱。排气口装有逆行气流阻尼器，防止当系统没有运行时灰尘进入机箱。7.2.5 Pressurization增压Pressurized systems are normally used in classified hazard areas. Positive air pressure keeps outside hazardous air or dust from entering the enclosure (as in an area with natural gas in the ambient air). Negative pressure prevents air inside the enclosure from escaping.增压系统通常用在危险区域。正气压阻止外面危险气体或灰尘进入机箱（如同在一个周围空气里有天然气的区域里）The system uses a vent fan, a manually adjustable backpressure damper, a differential pressure-sensing gage, and an inlet air filter high differential pressure alarm switch. The switch provides a low-pressure differential signal to the engine control system.此系统用一个排气扇，手动调节反压闸，压差传感器和一个进气过滤器压差高报警开关。此开关为引擎控制系统提供一个低压差动信号。The enclosure ventilation is monitored by a pressure-sensing device. In the event of a vent fan failure, an alarm is initiated. An optional backup vent fan operates in the event of a primary vent fan failure. All unused openings on the package skid are sealed, and the skid requires sealing to its foundation upon installation.机箱的通风用一个压力传感设备来监视。出现排气扇故障情况时，将出现报警。如果主排气扇出现故障，则备用排气扇将启动。撬块包里所有没有使用的孔都密封，撬块要焊在其地基上。7.2.6 Lighting System照明系统An ON/OFF switch operates the ac lights in the enclosure. Standby dc lights are also provided.ON/OFF一个选择开关控制机箱里的灯。也有提供备用灯。7.2.7 Enclosure Resistance Temperature Detector机箱热电阻探测器The Enclosure Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) senses the temperature within the enclosure. The temperature detector is monitored by the control system. A high enclosure temperature indicates a potential failure of the ventilation system, or fire, and will result in shutdown of the gas turbine. This device has a high-alarm setpoint and shutdown setpoint.机箱热电阻探测器（RTD）探测机箱里的温度。温度探测器由控制系统监控。机箱里温度高说明通风系统有故障或着火，将引起燃气透平机关断。该装置有一个高报警设置点和关断设置点。7.2.8 Trolley Beam吊车横梁A trolley beam is provided for engine and component removal. The beam is supported by the enclosure roof frame. The extension is spliced to the trolley beam at one end, and is supported by a floor-standing posts at the other end.吊车横梁用于拆卸引擎或组件。此横梁由机箱顶部结构支撑着。在吊车横梁的一端有扩展来加固，由另一端的地轴架来支撑。7.3 FIRE DETECTION AND EXTINGUISHING SYSTEM火焰探测和灭火系统WARNING警告The fire detection system is a safety device for protection of personnel and facility. It must be always ready. Proper installation, calibration, and maintenance of the system ensure continuous monitoring of hazardous areas.火焰探测系统是用来保护人员和设备安全的装置。必须时刻准备着。对系统的正确的安装，校验和维护能确保对危险区域的连续监控。The fire detection and extinguishing system (Figure 7.3.1) monitors and protects in hazardous areas. It combines fire detection, agent releasing, visual and audible alarm, all controlled by a fault tolerant, digital communication network. The system consists of a fire control module (Figure 7.3.2) which includes a local control unit, agent release modules, and signal audible modules mounted in the fire control panel junction box. The system also has ultraviolet (UV) flame detectors, thermal detectors, initiating device circuits, strobe lights, and an alarm horn, located in and on the package enclosure.火焰探测和灭火系统(表 7.3.1)在危险区域里进行监控和保护。它结合了火灾探测，灭火剂释放，视觉和听觉报警，所有由一个允许故障的数字通讯网络来控制。系统由含有一个本地控制单元的火焰控制模块（表7.3.2），灭火剂释放模块和声响信号模块，安装在火灾控制盘接线箱。在机箱里，系统也有紫外线火焰探测器，热探测器，设备电路，闪光灯和报警器。Figure 7.3.1 Typical Fire Detection and Extinguishing System表7.3.1典型火灾探测和灭火系统View graphic看图 透平光盘1art26011.pdfFigure 7.3.2 Typical Fire Control Module表7.3.2典型火灾控制模块View graphic看图 透平光盘1art13958.pdfKey for Figure 7.3.2表7.3.2关键字1Logic Controller Module逻辑控制模块2Communication Gateway ModuleGateway通讯网关模块3LON Isolator ModuleLON隔离模块4Signal Audible Module声响信号模块5Signal Audible Module声响信号模块6Agent Release Module灭火剂释放模块7Agent Release Module灭火剂释放模块A fire system AUTO/INHIBIT Switch, on the enclosure fire system panel, deenergizes automatic features of the fire system for servicing. When the switch is in the INHIBIT position, it interrupts automatic operation of the fire suppression system. When armed, with the AUTO/INHIBIT switch in the AUTO position, normal activation is controlled by the fire system module. However, the RELEASE pushbutton, on the enclosure fire system junction box, provides emergency engine shutdown and release of the fire extinguishing agent. Refer to the Systems Operators Guide and Supplementary Data, of this manual set for detailed information. 机箱火灾系统盘上的火灾系统AUTO（自动）/INHIBIT（禁止）开关，在维修时能起各自独特的作用。当开关在INHIBIT（禁止）位置时，灭火系统自动运行将被打断。当AUTO（自动）/INHIBIT（禁止）开关在AUTO（自动）位置时，正常运行控制由火灾系统模块来完成。然而，在机箱火灾系统接线盒上的RELEASE（释放）按钮用来紧急停车和释放灭火剂。更多详细信息请查阅本手册系统操作指南和附加数据。When a fire is detected, the following events occur:当探测到有火灾时，将发生如下情况：1. Electrical equipment (Division 1 or 2, as applicable) deenergizes.电气设备（区域1或2）断电。2. Enclosure ventilation fan stops.机箱通风扇停止。3. Dampers close.阻尼器关闭4. Fire extinguishing agent releases.灭火剂释放。5. Turbine shuts down (lockout shutdown).透平机关断（关断保持）。7.3.1 Local Operating Network and Signal Line Circuit本地操作网与信号线电路The local operating network and signaling line circuit is a fault-tolerant, digital-communication network loop that starts and ends at the local control unit. Nodes communicate with the fire suppression system over the loop. If there is a wiring fault in the network, each node isolates and reroutes communication. A single break in the system will not affect communication between nodes and fire suppression system. If multiple breaks occur in the wiring, nodes between breaks function, but will not communicate with the fire suppression system. Devices on the network loop include the ultraviolet (UV) flame detectors, initiating device circuit, and signal audible and agent release modules.本地操作网与信号线电路是一个在本地控制单元开始和结束的容错数字通讯网络回路。节点与回路上的灭火系统通讯。如果网络中有一个接线故障，则每个节点隔离，通讯变更。系统中的一个信号中断将不会影响到节点与灭火系统间的通讯。如果多处中断，中断间的接点便起作用，但不会与灭火系统通讯。如果网络回路上的设备包括紫外线探测器，初始装置电路，声响信号和灭火剂释放模块。CAUTION小心Repair malfunctions as soon as possible to ensure reliable system operation.尽快修复故障，确保系统可靠运行。7.3.2 Local Control Unit本地控制单元The local control unit contains logic for fire detection and extinguishing agent release. The system controls releasing, signaling, annunciation outputs, and PLC interface, providing fire status, fault and alarm information.本地控制单元包括火灾探测和灭火剂释放逻辑。系统控制释放，发信号，信号输出，PLC接口，火灾状态，故障和报警信息。The fire system includes logic controller, communication gateway, and isolation modules. The modules are rack-mounted. External wiring is routed through conduit entries at the bottom and sides of the unit. Refer to Controls and Indicators Chapter in the Systems Operators Guide, of this manual set for details of the module faceplates.火灾系统包括逻辑控制器，通讯网关和隔离模块。这些模块安装在机架上。外部接线是通过单元底步和侧面管道进入。查阅系统操作指南里的控制和指示章节，本手册有模块面板的详细资料。LOGIC CONTROLLER MODULE逻辑控制模块The logic controller continuously monitors signals from ultraviolet (UV) flame detectors and thermal detectors on the network loop. When fire is detected the controller energizes horn and strobe lights and causes fire extinguishing agent to be released into the enclosure. The controller communicates with the PLC, via the communication gateway. The controller is hard-wired to fire-detector and fault relays.逻辑控制器连续监控网络回路上的紫外线火焰探测起和热探测器的信号。当探测到有火灾时，控制器激活喇叭报警和闪光灯并在机箱里释放灭火剂。控制器通过通讯网关与PLC通讯。COMMUNICATION GATEWAY MODULE网关通讯模块The gateway communicates between logic controller and extinguishing agent release and audible modules. The gateway handles communication between logic controller and PLC. Refer to vendor data in the Supplementary Data, of this manual set for status codes used by the communication gateway.逻辑控制器与灭火剂释放和声响报警模块间通过网关模块来通讯。网关处理逻辑控制器和PLC之间的通讯。通讯网关使用的状态代码可以查阅本手册附加数据里的卖主数据。ISOLATION MODULE隔离模块The isolation module protects communication network wiring. It isolates shorts and monitors for ground faults.隔离模块保护通讯网络接线。它隔离短路和监控接地故障。AGENT RELEASE MODULE灭火剂释放模块The agent release modules (ARM) are under logic control. The modules control the release of the primary and extended fire extinguishing systems.灭火剂释放模块(ARM)受逻辑控制器控制。此模块控制主和扩展灭火系统灭火剂的释放。Three status LEDs at the center of the circuit board indicate device status condition. An illuminated green LED indicates power is applied. An illuminated amber LED indicates malfunction in electronic circuitry; the module needs replacing. The red LED indicates extinguishing agent has been released. Blinking rate of the red LED indicates the following:电路板中间的三状态指示灯用来显示设备状态情况。绿灯亮显示有电源供应。黄灯亮显示电路故障，模块需要更换。红灯显示灭火剂已经释放。红灯闪烁速度显示如下： Blinking at a 4 Hz rate with 50 percent duty cycle indicates local trouble such as an open circuit or low solenoid supply voltage4Hz，50%占空比闪烁显示本地故障，例如断路或电磁阀电压低 Blinking at a 1 Hz rate with a 5 percent duty cycle indicates an isolate condition1Hz，5%占空比闪烁显示隔离状况。 Blinking at a 1 Hz rate with a 95 percent duty cycle indicates release and isolate1Hz，95%占空比闪烁显示释放和隔离。SIGNAL AUDIBLE MODUL E声响信号模块The signal audible modules (SAM), controlled by the logic controller, audibly and visually indicate fire system status. The modules control the AUTO, INHIBIT and extinguishing agent DISCHARGED status lights, and the horn/strobe units.声响信号模块(SAM)用声音和图象显示火灾系统的状态，受逻辑控制器控制。此模块控制自动，禁止和灭火剂释放状态灯，和喇叭/闪光单元。 Three status LEDs at the center of the circuit board visually indicate device status. The green LED illuminates to indicate power is applied. A steady red LED illumination indicates active condition. A blinking red LED indicates local trouble such as an open or shorted output circuit or low supply voltage. An illuminated amber LED indicates electronic circuitry malfunction; the module needs replacing.三种状态指示灯在电路板中间显示设备状态。绿灯亮显示已通电。红灯亮显示条件激活。红灯闪表示本地故障，如输出电路开路或短路，或电压低。黄灯亮表示电路故障，模块需要更换。INITIATING DEVICE CIRCUIT初始化设备电路The initiating device circuit is a communication module inside an explosionproof housing. Inputs to the device are from thermal detectors and pressure switch in the enclosure. The device outputs a status message to the logic controller.初始化设备电路是一个在防爆箱里的通讯模块。设备的输入来自机箱里的热探测器和压力开关。此设备输出一个状态消息到逻辑控制器。Three LEDs in the center of the module circuit board are visible when the cover is removed. The green LED indicates power is applied. In normal operation, only the green LED illuminates. The red LED indicates an alarm or fault. Steady LED illumination (non-blinking) indicates one of the inputs is active. A blinking illumination indicates a fault such as an open input circuit. The amber LED is for factory diagnostics and not used by customer.当盖子拆掉后可以看到模块电路板中间的三状态指示灯。绿灯显示有电源供电。正常运行下石油绿灯亮。红灯显示报警或故障。灯一直亮（不闪）显示其中一个输入激活。闪烁显示故障，例如输入电路开路。黄灯用在工厂诊断，用户不能使用。7.3.3 Ultraviolet Flame Detector紫外线火焰探测器The flame detector contains an ultraviolet UV sensor module and control circuitry in an explosionproof housing. The detector is equipped with automatic and manual optical integrity (oi) test capability. Red LEDs are visible through the detectors viewing window and illuminate to indicate status. Refer to Table 7.3.1 for UV flame detector status indications.火焰探测器在一个防爆机箱里，包括一个紫外线UV传感器模块和控制电路。探测器装备了自动和手动光学完整性测试。通过探测器窗口可以看到红色的指示灯显示状态。查阅表7.3.1紫外线显示状态。Table 7.3.1 UV Flame Detector Status Indications表7.3.1紫外线探测器显示状态Status状态LED Indication指示灯显示Normal with automatic oi selected选择自动oi正常LED blinks every five seconds指示灯每五秒闪烁Normal with manual oi selected选择手动oi正常LED blinks every ten seconds指示灯每十秒闪烁Fault (General)故障（总的）LED is OFF (does not illuminate)指示灯灭（不显示）Power supply fault电源故障LED is OFF (does not illuminate) 指示灯灭（不显示）oi faultoi故障LED is OFF (does not illuminate) 指示灯灭（不显示）UV being detected, but time delay not yet satisfied紫外线探测到，但时间延迟没有响应LEDs continue blinking指示灯持续闪烁Fire火灾LED is ON (illuminates continuously)指示灯亮（持续亮）The UV flame detector responds to radiant energy. If radiant energy from a fire exceeds a threshold, the detector outputs an alarm message to the logic controller. Each detector maintains an alarm log that records time and date of the last eight alarms.紫外线火焰探测器需要有辐射能量。如果火焰的辐射能量超过了探测器的极限，则探测器向逻辑控制器发出一个报警信息。每个探测器能保留最近八个报警的时间和日期。7.3.4 Thermal Detector热探测器Thermal detectors in the enclosure are wired to the initiating device circuit. The sensing element of the detector is in a stainless steel shell. The thermal detector is a backup for the UV detectors. The detector contacts close at 325F (163C) and signal the controller to release the extinguishing agent.机箱里的热探测器接到初始设备电路。探测器的传感元件在一个不锈钢壳里。热探测器是给紫外线探测器的备用的。探测器触点在325F (163C)时闭合并给控制器发信号，释放灭火剂。7.3.5 Strobe Lights闪光灯Strobe lights are installed on the enclosure roof and illuminate to signal that the extinguishing agent has been released. To reset the strobe lights, turn the keyswitch on the logic controller to RESET.闪光灯装在机箱顶部，灯亮时灭火剂已经被释放。把逻辑控制器上的钥匙开关打倒RESET，就可以复位闪光灯。7.3.6 Fire System Audible Alarm火灾系统声响报警The fire system audible alarm (horn) is mounted on the exterior of the enclosure. The horn is wired to one of the signal audible modules in the fire control panel junction box and sounds to indicate a fire condition.火灾系统声响报警（喇叭）装在机箱外面。喇叭接到火灾控制盘接线盒里其中一个声响信号模块，用声音来显示火灾情况。7.3.7 Release Confirm Switch释放确认开关The release confirm switch transfers when fire extinguishing agent is released into the enclosure. The switch signals the initiating device circuit that communicates with the programmable logic controller (PLC) via the gateway module. The DISCHARGED lamp illuminates.当灭火剂被释放到了机箱里，释放确认开关动作。此开关给发信号，初始设备电路与可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）通过网关模块通讯。DISCHARGED灯亮。7.3.8 Primary and Extended Release Solenoid Valves主与扩展释放电磁阀When a fire is detected, the primary and extended release solenoid valves open and fire extinguishing agent floods the enclosure. The primary system rapidly injects a large volume of CO2 immediately extinguishing the fire. The extended system slowly releases CO2 into the enclosure to maintain gas level. This ensures the fire will not relight after the main systems supply of CO2 is exhausted.当探测到有火灾