奥巴马2010年国情咨文全文(中英文版).doc

奥巴马承认第一年遭政治挫折奥巴马：提议向大型银行收费，弥补政府支出补偿纳税人利益奥巴马：多措施增加就业岗位 增加失业补贴奥巴马：对惩罚银行机构不感兴趣 坚定金融改革奥巴马：医改将使美国财政在20年内赤字减1万亿 奥巴马：要求两党放下党争 美国无法承受奥巴马：警告伊朗 重申伊拉克撤军 奥巴马：因核试验与导弹试射朝鲜正遭受严厉制裁 奥巴马：废除美军方关于同性恋“不许问，不许说”的政策奥巴马2010年国情咨文全文The White HouseOffice of the Press SecretaryFor Immediate ReleaseJanuary 27, 2010Remarks by the President in State of the Union Address9:11 P.M. ESTTHE PRESIDENT: Madam Speaker, Vice President Biden, members of Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans:总统：尊敬的议长女士、副总统拜登、国会成员、各位嘉宾和美国同胞，大家好.Our Constitution declares that from time to time, the President shall give to Congress information about the state of our union. For 220 years, our leaders have fulfilled this duty. Theyve done so during periods of prosperity and tranquility. And theyve done so in the midst of war and depression; at moments of great strife and great struggle.我国宪法要求美国总统需要向国会提供关于国家状况的相关信息。在过去两百二十年里，我国领导人履行了这一职责。他们不仅在经济繁荣和国家安定的时期发表讲话，也在战争期间和经济衰退之时发表国情咨文。Its tempting to look back on these moments and assume that our progress was inevitable - that America was always destined to succeed. But when the Union was turned back at Bull Run, and the Allies first landed at Omaha Beach, victory was very much in doubt. When the market crashed on Black Tuesday, and civil rights marchers were beaten on Bloody Sunday, the future was anything but certain. These were the times that tested the courage of our convictions, and the strength of our union. And despite all our divisions and disagreements, our hesitations and our fears, America prevailed because we chose to move forward as one nation, as one people. 回顾这些历史时刻是非常有吸引力的，并可认为我们国家的进步是不可避免的，美国注定会获得成功。但在当美国股市持续了10年的牛市崩溃、二战期 间盟军登陆奥马哈海滩之时，我们是否能够获得胜利还充满质疑。当华尔街股市在黑色星期二崩盘和追求民权的游行者在“血腥星期天”遭到殴打的时候，未来是不 确定的。这是考验我们勇气、政府实力的时刻。尽管我们之间存在分歧以及有些犹豫和担心，美国仍然能获得胜利，因为我们是作为一个国以一个人的步伐向前迈进。Again, we are tested. And again, we must answer historys call.我们再次受到挑战，必须再次回答历史的疑问。One year ago, I took office amid two wars, an economy rocked by a severe recession, a financial system on the verge of collapse, and a government deeply in debt. Experts from across the political spectrum warned that if we did not act, we might face a second depression. So we acted - immediately and aggressively. And one year later, the worst of the storm has passed.一年之前，我在两场战争之中成为美国总统。当时美国正受到经济衰退造成的冲击，金融系统已到崩溃边缘，政府负债累累。所有政治领域的专家发出警 告，认为如果我们不采取行动，美国将出现历史上第二大经济衰退。所以我们迅速和积极的作出反应。一年以后，最严重的经济风暴已经过去。But the devastation remains. One in 10 Americans still cannot find work. Many businesses have shuttered. Home values have declined. Small towns and rural communities have been hit especially hard. And for those whod already known poverty, life has become that much harder.但金融风暴造成的损失仍然存在。十分之一的美国人找不到工作，大批公司破产，房价下跌，小城镇和农村社区损失尤其惨重。对穷苦百姓而言，生活将变得更为艰难。This recession has also compounded the burdens that Americas families have been dealing with for decades - the burden of working harder and longer for less; of being unable to save enough to retire or help kids with college. 经济衰退也加重了美国家庭的负担。人们无法攒够退休养老和子女上学所需的资金。So I know the anxieties that are out there right now. Theyre not new. These struggles are the reason I ran for President. These struggles are what Ive witnessed for years in places like Elkhart, Indiana; Galesburg, Illinois. I hear about them in the letters that I read each night. The toughest to read are those written by children - asking why they have to move from their home, asking when their mom or dad will be able to go back to work.所以我知道人们充满焦虑。这种现象并不是现在才有。这些努力和奋斗正是我竞选美国总统的原因。多年以来，我曾经在埃尔克哈特、盖尔斯堡、印第安 纳州和伊利诺伊州等地亲眼见过人们的苦痛。从大家的来信中，我听到了人们的呼声。我感到最痛心的一封信来自儿童，他们发出询问为什么必须搬家和父母何时才 能重返就业岗位。For these Americans and so many others, change has not come fast enough. Some are frustrated; some are angry. They dont understand why it seems like bad behavior on Wall Street is rewarded, but hard work on Main Street isnt; or why Washington has been unable or unwilling to solve any of our problems. Theyre tired of the partisanship and the shouting and the pettiness. They know we cant afford it. Not now. 对于这些人而言，变革的到来似乎过于缓慢。一些人感到沮丧，一些人感到愤怒。他们不了解为什么华尔街做出错误举动却获得奖励，而普通民众付出了 辛勤汗水却未得到任何回报；他们对美国政府无力解决或者不愿意解决问题而感到不解。他们已经厌倦了党派之争和大喊大叫。他们知道我们无法承受这一切，至少不是现在。So we face big and difficult challenges. And what the American people hope - what they deserve - is for all of us, Democrats and Republicans, to work through our differences; to overcome the numbing weight of our politics. For while the people who sent us here have different backgrounds, different stories, different beliefs, the anxieties they face are the same. The aspirations they hold are shared: a job that pays the bills; a chance to get ahead; most of all, the ability to give their children a better life. 所以我们面临巨大而艰辛的挑战。美国人民的希望是民主党和共和党可以消除党派之争，克服冗繁的政治体制。对于那些投票的选民，虽然他们的背景、 故事和信仰各不相同，但是他们面临的困境是一样的。他们拥有相同的渴望：获得一份支付账单的工作；得到获取成功的机会；让他们的子女生活更舒适。You know what else they share? They share a stubborn resilience in the face of adversity. After one of the most difficult years in our history, they remain busy building cars and teaching kids, starting businesses and going back to school. Theyre coaching Little League and helping their neighbors. One woman wrote to me and said, We are strained but hopeful, struggling but encouraged. 你知道他们还有什么相同的地方吗？那就是在灾难面前拥有很强的适应能力。在度过历史上最困难的时期以后，美国人民依然忙于生产汽车、教育子女、做生意和重返校园。一名女士曾经写信说：“虽然我们感到压力，但是我们充满希望、努力奋斗。Its because of this spirit - this great decency and great strength - that I have never been more hopeful about Americas future than I am tonight. (Applause.) Despite our hardships, our union is strong. We do not give up. We do not quit. We do not allow fear or division to break our spirit. In this new decade, its time the American people get a government that matches their decency; that embodies their strength. (Applause.) 这是由于我们具有一种精神伟大的道德标准和巨大的力量。我从来没有像今天晚上一样对美国的未来这么充满希望。虽然面临困境，但我们依然强大。我们不会放弃，不会逃避，不允许恐惧和分歧破坏我们的精神。新的十年是美国政府展现美国人民力量的时候。 And tonight, tonight Id like to talk about how together we can deliver on that promise. 今天晚上，我希望讨论我们实现这一承诺的方式。It begins with our economy. 先从经济层面说起。Our most urgent task upon taking office was to shore up the same banks that helped cause this crisis. It was not easy to do. And if theres one thing that has unified Democrats and Republicans, and everybody in between, its that we all hated the bank bailout. I hated it - (applause.) I hated it. You hated it. It was about as popular as a root canal. (Laughter.) 我们现在最紧急的任务是向银行提供资金支持。这些银行也是造成金融危机的罪魁祸首。向银行提供援助并不容易完成。如果有一件事是民主党、共和党和中间党派意见一致的事情，那就是我们痛恨救助银行。我恨它。你们也恨他。他就像牙根管一样普及。But when I ran for President, I promised I wouldnt just do what was popular - I would do what was necessary. And if we had allowed the meltdown of the financial system, unemployment might be double what it is today. More businesses would certainly have closed. More homes would have surely been lost. 但是当我竞选美国总统的时候，我曾经发誓不做普通的事情，而要做需要的事情。如果我们容忍金融系统崩溃，那么失业率会是现在的两倍，会有更多的企业破产，更多人失去房屋。So I supported the last administrations efforts to create the financial rescue program. And when we took that program over, we made it more transparent and more accountable. And as a result, the markets are now stabilized, and weve recovered most of the money we spent on the banks. (Applause.) Most but not all.所以我支持上届政府创立的金融援助计划。当我们接手以后，这项计划变得更为透明、更富有责任。因此金融市场现在才变得稳定，我们已经收回大部分援助银行的资金。To recover the rest, Ive proposed a fee on the biggest banks. (Applause.) Now, I know Wall Street isnt keen on this idea. But if these firms can afford to hand out big bonuses again, they can afford a modest fee to pay back the taxpayers who rescued them in their time of need. (Applause.)为了实现其它领域的复苏，我已经提议向大型银行收费。我知道华尔街一定对这一提议不感兴趣。如果这些公司有钱发放高额奖金，它们必须向纳税人支付最温和的费用。因为正是他们在危难之时帮助了这些企业。Now, as we stabilized the financial system, we also took steps to get our economy growing again, save as many jobs as possible, and help Americans who had become unemployed. 随着金融系统的逐步稳定，我们也采取措施恢复经济增长，尽可能的增加就业岗位，向失业的美国人提供帮助。Thats why we extended or increased unemployment benefits for more than 18 million Americans; made health insurance 65 percent cheaper for families who get their coverage through COBRA; and passed 25 different tax cuts.这也是为什么我们能够为1800多万美国失业人员延长或增加了失业津贴，使得通过统一综合预算汇编法案(COBRA)覆盖的美国家庭医疗保险费用下降65%，并通过了25项不同的税收减免政策。Now, let me repeat: We cut taxes. We cut taxes for 95 percent of working families. (Applause.) We cut taxes for small businesses. We cut taxes for first-time homebuyers. We cut taxes for parents trying to care for their children. We cut taxes for 8 million Americans paying for college. (Applause.)现在让我们重申：我们大举减税。为95%的工薪家庭减税，也减少了小型公司和首次购房者的税款。除此以外，我们还为那些需要照顾孩子的父母、800万支付学费的美国大学生实施减税。I thought Id get some applause on that one. (Laughter and applause.)As a result, millions of Americans had more to spend on gas and food and other necessities, all of which helped businesses keep more workers. And we havent raised income taxes by a single dime on a single person. Not a single dime. (Applause.)因此，数百万美国人可以拥有更多的资金，购买食品、汽油和其它物品。而这一切又帮助企业雇佣更多的员工。我们没有对任何一个人多征收一分钱。Because of the steps we took, there are about two million Americans working right now who would otherwise be unemployed. (Applause.) Two hundred thousand work in construction and clean energy; 300,000 are teachers and other education workers. Tens of thousands are cops, firefighters, correctional officers, first responders. (Applause.) And were on track to add another one and a half million jobs to this total by the end of the year.由于我们采取的措施，大约两百万人不再失业，获得就业岗位。我们希望在今年年底再增加150万个就业岗位。The plan that has made all of this possible, from the tax cuts to the jobs, is the Recovery Act. (Applause.) Thats right - the Recovery Act, also known as the stimulus bill. (Applause.) Economists on the left and the right say this bill has helped save jobs and avert disaster. But you dont have to take their word for it. Talk to the small business in Phoenix that will triple its workforce because of the Recovery Act. Talk to the window manufacturer in Philadelphia who said he used to be skeptical about the Recovery Act, until he had to add two more work shifts just because of the business it created. Talk to the single teacher raising two kids who was told by her principal in the last week of school that because of the Recovery Act, she wouldnt be laid off after all. 而使这一切变成现实的方案就是复兴法（Recovery Act）。没错，正是复兴法案，也就是人们通常所称的刺激法案，左派和右派经济学家都认为是它保住了工作岗位，避免灾难的发生。但是你不必完全相 信他们的话。那么和凤凰城的企业主谈谈吧。他们会告诉你这项法案使他们的职工总数提高两倍。你也可以与费城的制造企业人员交谈，他们会说一开始对这项法案 还充满质疑，但随后看到工时提高以后打消疑虑。There are stories like this all across America. And after two years of recession, the economy is growing again. Retirement funds have started to gain back some of their value. Businesses are beginning to invest again, and slowly some are starting to hire again. 这样的故事在美国到处都有。在经历两年的经济衰退以后，美国经济正在复苏，退休基金也开始升值，经济领域重新获得投资，企业也开始再次雇佣新员工。But I realize that for every success story, there are other stories, of men and women who wake up with the anguish of not knowing where their next paycheck will come from; who send out resumes week after week and hear nothing in response. That is why jobs must be our number-one focus in 2010, and thats why Im calling for a new jobs bill tonight. (Applause.) 但是我明白在每一个成功的故事里人们遭受的苦难。每天人们都是从极度痛苦中醒来，不知道从哪儿获得以后的收入。他们不断发送简历，但未得到任何回复。这就是我们将就业列为2010年头等大事的原因，也是我要求今晚获得一项新就业提案的原因。 Now, the true engine of job creation in this country will always be Americas businesses. (Applause.) But government can create the conditions necessary for businesses to expand and hire more workers. 创造就业岗位的真正引擎永远是美国商业。但是美国政府会为企业创造必要的条件，以便于企业扩大就业。We should start where most new jobs do - in small businesses, companies that begin when - (applause) - companies that begin when an entrepreneur - when an entrepreneur takes a chance on a dream, or a worker decides its time she became her own boss. Through sheer grit and determination, these companies have weathered the recession and theyre ready to grow. But when you talk to small businessowners in places like Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Elyria, Ohio, you find out that even though banks on Wall Street are lending again, theyre mostly lending to bigger companies. Financing remains difficult for small businessowners across the country, even those that are making a profit.首先，我们应该开始于主要创建新就业岗位的小型企业领域。这里不仅是大多数新就业岗位的来源之地，也是大型企业的发源地。凭借勇气和决心，小型 企业经受了经济衰退的考验，准备发展壮大。但是当你和小企业交谈时会发现，华尔街的大银行将大部分资金借给大型企业。而小型企业要想获得资金却非常艰难， 即使它们已经开始盈利。So tonight, Im proposing that we take $30 billion of the money Wall Street banks have repaid and use it to help community banks give small businesses the credit they need to stay afloat. (Applause.) Im also proposing a new small business tax credit- one that will go to over one million small businesses who hire new workers or raise wages. (Applause.) While were at it, lets also eliminate all capital gains taxes on small business investment, and provide a tax incentive for all large businesses and all small businesses to invest in new plants and equipment. (Applause.) 所以今晚，我提议从华尔街金融机构偿还的资金中拿出300亿美元帮助社区银行，给小型企业提供维持运营所需的贷款。我同时提议对小型企业提供新 的税收优惠措施。其中一项将覆盖一百万家小型企业。它们征收新员工和提高工资都会享受税收减免政策。Next, we can put Americans to work today building the infrastructure of tomorrow. (Applause.) From the first railroads to the Interstate Highway System, our nation has always been built to compete. Theres no reason Europe or China should have the fastest trains, or the new factories that manufacture clean energy products.接下来，我们可以让现在的美国人修建未来所需的基础设 施。从第一条铁路到洲际高速公路，美国一直在建设基础设施，与其它国家展开竞争。没有任何理由只有欧洲、中国拥有全球速度最快的高速铁路，或者能生产清洁 能源产品的新工厂。Tomorrow, Ill visit Tampa, Florida, where workers will soon break ground on a new high-speed railroad funded by the Recovery Act. (Applause.) There are projects like that all across this country that will create jobs and help move our nations goods, services, and information. (Applause.) 明天我将前往佛罗里达州的坦帕市。受益于复兴法案的支持，那里正在建设一条全新的高速铁路。美国国内还有许多类似的建设项目，将创造就业岗位，帮助货物运输、信息传递。We should put more Americans to work building clean energy facilities - (applause) - and give rebates to Americans who make their homes more energy-efficient, which supports clean energy jobs. (Applause.) And to encourage these and other businesses to stay within our borders, it is time to finally slash the tax breaks for companies that ship our jobs overseas, and give those tax breaks to companies that create jobs right here in the United States of America. (Applause.)我们应该让更多的美国人参与建设清洁能源设施，同时向使家庭更为节能的美国人提供折扣。为了鼓励美国企业留在美国本土，我们对将工作岗位转移到美国以外地区的企业应该取消税收优惠，而将这些优惠提供给为美国人创造就业岗位的公司。Now, the House has passed a jobs bill that includes some of these steps. (Applause.) As the first order of business this year, I urge the Senate to do the same, and I know they will. (Applause.) They will. (Applause.) People are out of work. Theyre hurting. They need our help. And I want a jobs bill on my desk without delay. (Applause.)美国众议院已经通过一项就业法案，其中就包括了以上部分条款。作为今年商业领域的头等大事，我认为美国参议院也会通过这项法案。我知道他们会这样做。人们失去工作，正在承受痛苦，需要我们的帮助。我希望就业法案可以尽快提交到我的办公桌上。But the truth is, these steps wont make up for the seven million jobs that weve lost over the last two years. The only way to move to full employment is to lay a new foundation for long-term economic growth, and finally address the problems that Americas families have confronted for years. 但实际上，这些措施无法让所有失业人员重新就业。在过去两年内，一共有700万人丧失工作。让所有美国人实现就业的唯一方法就是为美国的长期经济发展奠定新的基础，最终解决美国家庭在数年以来碰到的问题。We cant afford another so-called economic expansion like the one from the last decade - what some call the lost decade - where jobs grew more slowly than during any prior expansion; where the income of the average American household declined while the cost of health care and tuition reached record highs; where prosperity was built on a housing bubble and financial speculation. 我们无法再次承受所谓的“经济扩张”。在过去十年，就业岗位增长最为缓慢，美国家庭的平均收入下降，而医疗成本和学费达到新高。当时的经济繁荣是建立在房地产泡沫和金融投机的基础上。From the day I took office, Ive been told that addressing our larger challenges is too ambitious; such an effort would be too contentious. Ive been told that our political system is too gridlocked, and that we should just put things on hold for a while. 从第一天担任美国总统开始，别人就告诉我，解决较大的挑战显得过于野心勃勃，为此付出的努力会受到很大的争议。我还听说我们的政治体制已陷入僵局。我们这届政府应该将问题暂时搁置。For those who make these claims, I have one simple question: How long should we wait? How long should America put its future on hold? (Applause.)对于这些主张，我有一个简单的疑问：我们应该等多久？美国还要将自己的未来搁置多久？You see, Washington has been telling us to wait for decades, even as the problems have grown worse. Meanwhile, China is not waiting to revamp its economy. Germany is not waiting. India is not waiting. These nations - theyre not standing still. These nations arent playing for second place. Theyre putting more emphasis on math and science. Theyre rebuilding their infrastructure. Theyre making serious investments in clean energy because they want those jobs. Well, I do not accept second place for the United States of America. (Applause.) 你瞧，美国政府在过去几十年一直在等待，即使美国存在的问题日益恶化。与此同时，中国却没有等待，实施经济改革。德国、印度也没有等待。这些国 家没有原地踏步，也不想成为次要国家。它们更加注重数学和科学领域，改造基础设施，在清洁能源领域投入大量资金，因为它们希望获得这些就业岗位。我无法接 受美国成为二等国家。As hard as it may be, as uncomfortable and contentious as the debates may become, its time to get serious about fixing the problems that are hampering our growth.现在是我们认真对待，解决阻碍经济发展问题的时刻。Now, one place to start is serious financial reform. Look, I am not interested in punishing banks. Im interested in protecting our economy. A strong, healthy financial market makes it possible for businesses to access credit and create new jobs. It channels the savings of families into investments that raise incomes. But that can only happen if we guard against the same recklessness that nearly brought down our entire economy. 我们可以先从金融改革开始。我对惩罚银行机构并不感兴趣。一个强大、健康的金融市场可以