搜索引擎的种类与使用技巧中英文翻译.doc

/ /搜索引擎的种类与使用技巧中英文翻译The kinds of search engines and the use skill 摘要随着信息技术的发展，网络的迅速普及，搜索引擎在网络用户的生活中扮演着越来越重要的地位，了解并能熟练使用搜索引擎成为大众的必修课。对搜索引擎的基本知识和种类作简要介绍，并结合亲身实践介绍几种实用的搜索技巧。Abstract along with the development of information technology, network rapid popularization, search engine plays a more and more important in the life of network users position, understand and familiar with all the search engines become the compulsory subject of the public. For a brief introduction of the basic knowledge of the search engine and type, and combining the personal practice introduces several practical search techniques. 关键词搜索引擎 种类 技巧key words type search engine technique 一、搜索引擎概述One, the summary of a search engine 搜索引擎是指根据一定的策略、运用特定的计算机程序搜集互联网上的信息，在对信息进行组织和处理后，为用户提供检索服务的系统。它主要是用于检索网站、网址、文献信息等内容。随着网络技术的发展，各种搜索引擎层出不穷，目前流行的搜索引擎主要是帮助用户搜索表层信息，如google、百度、雅虎等。Search engine refers to according to certain strategy, using specific computer program to collect information on the Internet, in the information organization and processing, to provide users with retrieval service system. It is mainly used to retrieve information content such as website, website, literature. With the development of network technology, all kinds of search engines emerge in endlessly, the popular search engine surface layer mainly is to help users search for information, such as Google, baidu, yahoo, etc. 二、搜索引擎的分类Second, the classification of the search engine 目前，主流的搜索引擎有如下几类：At present, the mainstream search engine has the following categories: （一）全文索引(a) a full-text index 根据搜索结果来源的不同，全文搜索引擎可分为两类，一类拥有自己的检索程序（Indexer），俗称“蜘蛛”（Spider）程序或“机器人”（Robot）程序，能自建网页数据库，搜索结果直接从自身的数据库中调用，上面提到的Google和百度就属于此类；另一类则是租用其他搜索引擎的数据库，并按自定的格式排列搜索结果，如Lycos搜索引擎。According to different sources of search results, the full text search engine can be divided into two categories, category own retrieval program (Indexer), commonly known as Spider (spiders) program or Robot (Robot), can build web databases, search results directly from its own database calls, the above mentioned Google and baidu is such; Another type of database is to rent the other search engines, and follow the format set the sort search results, such as search engine Lycos. （二）目录索引(2) indexes 目录索引虽然有搜索功能，但不能称为真正的搜索引擎，只是按目录分类的网站链接列表而已。用户完全可以按照分类目录找到所需要的信息，不依靠关键词进行查询。目录索引中最具代表性的是Yahoo、新浪分类目录搜索。Indexes, although there is a search feature, but cannot be called a real search engine, just according to the catalogue list of web links. Users can fully in accordance with the classification catalogue to find the information they need to, dont rely on keywords for the query. Indexes, Yahoo, sina is the most representative in catalog search. （三）元搜索引擎(3) the meta search engine 元搜索引擎接受用户查询请求后，同时在多个搜索引擎上搜索，并将结果返回给用户。著名的元搜索引擎有InfoSpace、Dogpile等。中文元搜索引擎中具代表性的是搜星搜索引擎。在搜索结果排列方面，有的直接按来源排列搜索结果，如Dogpile；有的则按自定的规则将结果重新排列组合，如Vivisimo。Meta-search engine accept user query requests after search on multiple search engines at the same time, and return the results to the user. Famous metasearch engines have InfoSpace, Dogpile, etc. Chinese yuan search engine search star is representative in search engines. Arrange aspect in the search results, or just arrange the search results according to the source, such as Dogpile; Others according to the set of rules will result to permutation and combination, such as Vivisimo. 三、搜索引擎使用技巧Three, search engines use skills （一）关键词的选择(a) selection of keywords 目前搜索引擎不具备智能识别能力，较人脑而言还很“弱智”，往往不能很好地把握用户到底想要什么，只会在现成的数据库索引中查找相匹配的关键词。因此，选择合适的关键词是成功检索的第一步。关键词的选择虽然没有什么定式，不过也有一些规律可循，在提取关键词时力求做到规范，避免口语化，便能达到事半功倍的效果。此处用特殊实例来说明：Current search engines dont intelligent identification ability, is in terms of the human brain is still very stupid, are often not well grasp what users want, only to look for in the existing database index that matches the keywords. Therefore, choosing the right keywords is the first step to successful retrieval. What keyword choice although there is no pattern, but there are some rules to follow, when extracting keywords to do specifications, avoid colloquial, can achieve twice the result with half the effort. Here use specific examples to illustrate: 1使用特定词汇。有时输入的关键词由于过泛而没有被收录在搜索引擎的数据库索引中，这时可以选择与该主题相关且更具体的词汇。例如，欲搜索某些期刊的投稿电子信箱，一般策略是在搜索框内输入“xxx杂志编辑部”，对知名度高、信息化程度高的期刊而言，一般都能搜出相应的email，可信息化程度不高的期刊就比较难。此时可以尝试如下两种方法提高搜索效率：（1）同时输入两个关键词，缩小检索范围，即“xxx杂志email”或“xxx杂志电子信箱”；（2）关键词中加入电子信箱关键信息，即“xxx杂志”。因为任何电子信箱中均有“”，“”成了查找电子信箱的关键符号。通过这两种方法，很容易就能将期刊编辑部的电子信箱搜到。1. Use specific words. Sometimes the input keywords because is too generic and not included in the search engines database index, then can choose and associated with the topic more specific words. Contribute to search some journals, for example, E-mail address, general strategy is the search input box magazine editorial board XXX, for journals of high-profile, high informationization degree, usually can find out the corresponding email, informatization level is not high of journals is relatively difficult. At this point you can try the following two methods to improve search efficiency: (1) input two keywords at the same time, narrowing the scope of retrieval, namely XXX magazine email or XXX E-mail magazine; (2) a keyword to add E-mail address information, namely XXX magazine. Because any E-mail address in the , key symbols became find E-mail address. Through these two methods, you can easily email search the journal editorial office. 2使用多个含义相近的关键词。对于热门信息来说，搜索时犯愁的是返回条目太多，可对冷门事件或事物来说往往恰恰相反。此时可使用同义关键词和关联关键词来检索，以达到更全面的搜索结果。如：在学术部门的年轻人想查阅申报课题的技巧时会发现相关结果少，此时可用“报课题技巧”、“报项目技巧”、“课题申报经验”、“课题申报指南”等关键词来检索。2. The use of multiple meanings similar keywords. When searching for hot information about the returned items is too much, but is often the opposite for unpopular events or things. At this point can be synonymous with keywords, and associated keywords to retrieve, in order to achieve a more comprehensive search results. Such as: in the academic department of young people want to refer to declare project skills will find relevant results less, available at this time report topic skills, the report project skills, subject to declare experience, grant application guide as keywords to retrieve. （二）局限于某个具体网站或者网站频道(2) is limited to a specific web site or web channel 许多单位都会针对同一热门事件在本单位网站发大量文件或文章。这些文章或文件往往名称相同但具体内容和要求却不同。此时，指定网站或频道的搜索功能能为我们提高搜索效率。Many units hot events will be on the same site sends a large number of documents or articles in this unit. These articles or documents tend to be the same name but different contents and requirements. At this point, the specified website or channel search functions can we improve the search efficiency. （三）按文件类型查找(3) search by file type 如需要查找简历模版时可以构建如下检索式：“简历模版filetype:If need to find a resume template can build retrieval type as follows: resume template filetype: doc”，此时能搜到word格式的简历模版。此处的filetype:doc是限定检索文件的类型，该字段必须在英文状态下录入，而“简历模版”是检索的关键词。两个字段之间必须用空格隔开。同理，如果需要检索市场营销的教案也可以构造“市场营销教案filetype:ppt”的检索式，检索结果为ppt格式的市场营销教案。该检索式支持txt，ppt，xls，pdf，mp3，swf等常见文件类型。Doc , that word format resume template. Here the filetype: doc is restricted to retrieve the file type, this field must be in the English state entry, and the resume template is the keyword retrieval. Must be separated by a space between two fields. In the same way, if you need to retrieve the marketing lesson plan can also construct the marketing lesson plan filetype: PPT retrieval, the retrieval results for PPT format of marketing teaching plans. The retrieval type support TXT, PPT, XLS, PDF, mp3, common file types such as SWF. （四）巧用快照(4) using a snapshot 有时会搜到访问不了的“死链网页”和过期文件，而看其内容摘要很符合需要。此时可利用搜索引擎提供的网页快照功能查阅此类文献。Sometimes cant search to access the dead links page and expired files, but very accord with the need to see its contents. At this point can use search engines to provide web snapshot function refer to these documents. （五）使用不同的搜索引擎(5) use different search engines 不同的搜索引擎，其信息覆盖范围有差异，我们平时搜索信息时仅集中于某一家搜索引擎是不明智的，因为再好的搜索引擎也有局限性，而使用优秀的搜索引擎可以达到事半功倍的效果。Different search engines, there are differences in the coverage information, we usually search information only focused on one search engine is not sensible, because it is a good search engine also has limitations, and using a good search engine can achieve twice the result with half the effort. （六）留意搜索引擎返回的结果(6) refer to the search engine returns the results 由于竞价排名业务的推广，搜索引擎返回的Web站点顺序会影响人们的访问。所以，为了增加Web站点的点击率，一些Web站点会付费给搜索引擎，以在相关Web站点列表中显示在靠前的位置。好的搜索引擎会鉴别Web站点的内容，并据此安排它们的顺序，但许多搜索引擎无法鉴别。Because the bidding business promotion, search engine returned by the Web site order will influence people to visit. So, in order to increase Web site hits, and some of the Web site will be paid search engine, in the relevant Web site in the list displayed on the front of the plane. Good search engine will identify the content of your Web site, and accordingly their order, but many search engines cant identify. 四、结语Four, conclusion 随着信息技术的发展，网络信息的高速膨胀，查找高相关的信息犹如大海捞针。为了提高检索质量，为了提高工作效率，我们应该对搜索引擎多一些了解。俗话说“工欲善其事，必先利其器”，