工商管理 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 创新管理永葆企业青春--德国西门子公司核心竞争力探析.doc

The Wall Street journal, 2008, 57(7): 41-43.Eternal enterprise management innovation of youth-Germany SIEMENS core competitivenessSusan DakerThe Wall Street journalAbstract Siemens is picked to unceasing development, an international reputation, and constantly promote enterprises core competitive ability, the system innovation of technology management, the innovative organization management, perfect management innovation talent management mechanism, these are the enterprise knowledge capital operation and content of the growing ability. This paper analyzes how to innovate the management of the construction of the core competitive power.Key words core competitiveness; innovation; managementGermany SIEMENS (SIEMENS) Co., LTD is one of Europes biggest electronics company, is one of the worlds top ten electronic companies, is the worlds fourth appliances manufacturers. Siemens company is the production of electronic and communication products, energy and industrial equipment, transportation and medical equipment integrated group company, business across Europe, the americas, Asia, Africa and Australia over 190 countries in the world, and with 39 factories, the production of household appliance and communication products, are entitled to an international reputation. Siemens company in the long journey across two centuries, adhering to the founder Werner von Siemens year 20,000 invention and innovation the secret of success in the system innovation of technology management, the innovative organization management, perfect management innovation talent management mechanism, continuously improve enterprise core competitiveness of enterprise knowledge capital, content and operation ability is growing. Siemens practice again symbolise both: innovation is the life of enterprise, it can make enterprise of youth.In 2004, Siemens company in the world fortune 500 companies ranked first 21, annual operating income for 805.01 billion dollars.A, Siemens brilliant innovation processSiemens, founded in 1847, starting from the middle of the 19th century, along with the glorious throughout the 20th century, to cross the vigour into the 21st century. Siemens is the Siemens - Hal verkhoyansk telegraph manufacturing company, is billed as the father of Siemens Werner von Siemens and his partner John George Hal, only 10 people of small business.Werner von Siemens era is undertaking development of Siemens company glorious period. Siemens company because of Werner von Siemens inventions rapid success. Soon, Siemens embarked on the international development of company, 1850 in Britain, Russia, 1855 in 1858 respectively in Austria, setting up an overseas branch. In 1890, Werner von Siemens retirement, Siemens company employees, including more than 5,500 reach half working abroad. In 1892, Werner von Siemens in Berlin, died at the age of 76. He left countless human inventions, left, left a great legacy of successful experience. Due to his outstanding contribution to humanity, is regarded as a European electrical world shining stars.Werner von Siemens died after, successively by three of his sons as corporate leaders. In 1897, the family enterprise restructuring is a joint-stock company, renamed Siemens and Hal verkhoyansk joint-stock company. During the first world war, Siemens company lost almost all of the overseas assets, Werner von Siemens three sons Carl f reed richie, Siemens will rebuild the company successfully. Carl f reed richie changed direction of management, the company will be focused on electrical engineering company business, at the same time, cover all areas of electrical engineering , from the of the enterprise of field to withdraw. To 1939, Siemens company sales first breakthrough 10 million mark, and become the worlds largest electrical company. During the second world war, the company was forced to increase production war supplies. At the end of the war, the companys most factories are destroyed, company lost about 80% of the asset. In the war, Germany Siemens industrial town - two of the western Ireland root and Munich began rebuilding. Siemens has blessed by Carl reed, Siemens three brothers Ritchie the descendants of _ _ _, they are doctorate of technical experts and business management expert, adhere to develop new technology and innovation development. After world war ii, Siemens company with the krupp concern jointly established the federal republic of Germanys first nuclear physics research institute to develop nuclear technology. In 1953, Siemens has super purity silicon technology to develop the electronic technology and caused a revolution of electrical technology. Company sales increase year by year, 1951, mark for 10 million to 50 million in 1962 to mark. In 1966, renamed as Siemens LTD. In the early 1970s, Siemens has successfully developed telephone signal transmission system for communication, contributed to the modern business. In 1989, Siemens company adopts modern structure reorganization, formed the core business group, 17, in order to better adapt to the development of new field in the company. In 1990, Siemens company bought the computer corporation, become rich in the development of the personal computer market of Europes biggest manufacturers.In 1982, Siemens company started in modern China, in Beijing representative office, then opened in guangzhou, Shanghai, shenyang and added three local office. Two years later, Siemens company and Beijing international technology cooperation center was established cooperative technology exchange training center in Beijing. In 1986, Siemens will be the worlds most advanced numerical control system was introduced into China, with ordinary machine tools for leading products of Chinese manufacturers of sight. In October 1994, Siemens company established in China holdings, Siemens (China) Co., LTD. Was established in Beijing, as the subsidiary of Siemens company operating companies provide sales, marketing, human resources, information communication, e-commerce, procurement, finance, law and strategic planning services. Siemens company, including all the business branches of information and communications, automation and control, power, transportation, medical, and lighting and household appliances in China have set, including infrastructure construction and automation control is the core of Siemens company in China. After ten years of unremitting efforts, Siemens in China development is rapid, long-term total investment more than 5 billion euros, throughout the has more than 40 branches and representative offices, 26, 2001, Siemens in Chinas total sales more than 35 million euros. China has become a global and Siemens company in the asia-pacific region one of the pillars of the main business development.Second, the innovation of management to promote their core competenceWinfrey harald and Gary hammel in classical the core competitiveness of the company a first proposed core competitiveness, said: the company is just like a tree, the trunk and several main branches are the core products, a slender twigs is business units, leaf, flower and fruit belong to the final product to provide nutrients and trees. The role of supporting the root is fixed the core competitiveness of the company. Siemens is the innovation management for trees provide nutrients and supporting the roots of the fixed effect. Innovative management has three kinds of interconnected different meanings: one is the management innovation, Two of the management innovation is, Three is innovative management. Siemens innovation management refers to the activities of innovation, including technological innovation management, the innovative product management, management of innovative talents. Innovation is the further understanding of the development, innovation, development and sublimation aims to explore knowledge, promoting development, the premise is must have the correct thought method, scientific and realistic attitude, change new courage. Theoretically, innovation, a social demand, market demand is the tension, Second is the development of science and technology enterprise itself thrust. The market demand is the main source of innovation of Siemens company. As human civilization and progress of society, consumer demand more advanced, more diversified. According to the change of market demand, an attitude is passivism that followed, an attitude is actively advance appropriately. Siemens company adopts advance appropriately in the market need, investigation and development needs, on the basis of the forecast on innovation talents and technological innovation, product innovation to produce new consumption habits, and consumer culture and adapt to the new marketing policy and market purchasing power, create new market demand, and formed a market demand forecasting and technology innovation and product innovation and new consumption patterns and new market demand and market flexibility and new innovation idea virtuous circle. Innovation is based on the objective need, existing production elements and existing conditions, technical combination produced a new leap, improve the production efficiency, innovative products for the enterprise value, enter the market more convenience for the final product for the customer, the perceived value for contribution, innovation achievements to imitate, competitors and promote enterprises core competitiveness. Siemens in continuous innovation, and keep the enterprise in the cycle of vigor, though years and young.1, Siemens heritage of innovationIn 1997, Siemens company publishes a book, the company called autobiography properties of the Siemens - 150 years, the splendid FengEr printed on a prologue, including such words: in 1997, Siemens turned her first chapter in the history of 150 pages, it is a special moments in the history of celebration. Throughout the world, in the similar scale industry company, can enjoy so long and successful history of only a few a few home. Maintain and develop the Siemens by Werner von Siemens create technical invention and innovation, Siemens become human history and the era of electrical and electronic era coming photoelectric era.Werner von Siemens life is brilliant, due to his outstanding contribution to humanity, is regarded as a European electrical world shining stars. Werner von Siemens, 1816 was born in hannover, as farmers to his parents for the university, living, 18 Werner von Siemens into Berlin artillery school. During study period, Werner von Siemens namely began his invention. Admission to the next year, Werner von Siemens developed by his silver plated metal, the same factory technology, by the German first plating department. He also invented XinBan printing, and made the first XinBan printer. After graduation from school, Werner von Siemens in Prussian army in scientific research, and continue to Berlin university. 1845, after graduation from the university of Siemens invented the telegraph, automatic concentres pointer, and soon was successfully trial-produced a powerful explosion cotton gunpowder. In 1846, he created the first Malay gum wire, solve the problem of insulation wire. The next year, he laid the wires from Berlin to grouse, underground line. October 1847, has become the second officer of the Prussian Werner von Siemens and mechanic John George Hal, created in Berlin, Siemens, Hal telegraph manufacturing company. Company a success, so Werner von Siemens off armour, develop his career attentively. We have to bear the Berlin between Frankfurt 500 kilometers long lines of communication engineering, and laid by the Russian government designated as tsarist Russia telegraph system construction and maintenance contractors, and Britain and Austrias telegraph systems engineering, laid connects London and in Calcutta was 1.1 million kilometers of the indo-european telegraph lines, laid across the Atlantic submarine wires. 1848, Werner von Siemens invented the electric current and the destruction of the underwater mines etc, but also greatly developed into mine electrical distance measurement device, use electric manipulation of ships. 1866, Werner von Siemens discovered the principle of work, after generator tough test repeatedly, developed the world since the two game generator excitation. This is the second time the industrial revolution of core technology in the world, generator is widely used. Siemens therefore won the highest reward - French medal of honor, and was the king of Prussia a peerage. 1867, Werner von Siemens invented the alcohol was set to many European countries as standard measure for long-term use, and made a contribution to the standardization work. In 1881, Werner von Siemens successfully developed the worlds first trolley. In 1892, Werner von Siemens died. His deathbed Werner von Siemens asked his children to insist on year 20,000 invention innovation and the benefit of human society and the policy of successful experience, insists on exploring new technology and innovation development. The 1936 Olympic Games, for the world of Siemens company producing the first frame cable TV. In 1938, built the first image telephones and electron microscope. In 1953, Siemens has super purity silicon by the entire development process of electronic technology and electrical technology revolution. In the early 1970s, Siemens has successfully developed telephone signal transmission system for communication, the modern business contributed by a telephone, coaxial can simultaneously transmit signals, make telephone 108 million telephone networks on the road of completely automated. Siemens company developed using traditional photographic plate printing to create micro chips, reached advanced level. In addition, Siemens is innovation can make two colors out simultaneously in a piece of paper on both sides of the copy of the new duplicator, and with the Dutch philips company for cooperation and development microcomputer.Siemens company always to the invention of technology innovation in all the work of the first, attaches great importance to scientific development, and the continuous research into real productive forces. The invention of Siemens company in the book, you can see a series of European and world first: the first phone automatically switches, first long distance telephone, the first generator, the first electric locomotive, the first electronic microscope, the first type. According to statistics, in all aspects of German electrical technology patent, Siemens company have accounted for more than a quarter. 2, the Siemens technology innovation managementCore competence is the enterprise in the long-term operation of the formation, unique, dynamic ability, to support the enterprise resources in the market of present and future development of sustainable competitive advantage, the core competitiveness of enterprise integrating resources and is the result of various aspects ability. Technological innovation management aims to strengthen enterprise research and development (R&D). Enterprise is the source of enterprise development of R&D and the basic guarantee long-term competitive advantages. Corporate R&D capability include: R&D resources obtaining and using ability, development ability, the R&D achievements transformation ability, etc. Everything in the world is one of the generation, development and decline of the life cycle. As the economic organizations, enterprises should also experienced business period, rise period, the heyday, decline and bankruptcy perish life. Enterprise life cycle length of key business period, how to pass after rise period, accelerate the extended its heyday, postponed its declining period. As a resource and ability of the enterprise aggregation, must flowing into the new resources, and continuously improve the market operation and management ability, the party may have to maintain and extend the life of the enterprise cycle. Product and service is the life of enterprise, the product life cycle elements relative to the enterprises life cycle is short. Enterprise must develop more have market value of innovative products, one or several products reach up and in its heyday, not into decline period, one or several products has reached its rise and so on, bobo, interlocking continuous product innovation launched a surge, the company thrives. Innovation of Siemens company continuously to inject vigor of life. For more than half a century in the long course of Siemens company, innovation, development, continuous innovation, product enterprise, is always taking off or flourishing and maintains the enterprises prosperous. In recent years, along with the world economy globalization, the Siemens company products renewal speed is high. In 1980, Siemens company does not exceed 5 years of innovative products for 48 in 1998, has risen to 74, to 2003, Siemens is above 90 software products with high technology, innovative products. In more than 10 kinds of Siemens company product, was less than 4 years of 92 . Siemens company become longevity enterprise is the key to it.Innovation is the main task for the management of innovation process management. Innovation process is generated from the innovation idea to innovation, product innovation to improve the innovation on the market after a series of activities and the logical relationship. Innovation is the most complex kind of business processes and process, involving marketing, design, development, manufacture, management, finance, business strategy, etc. Technology and product innovation is the core concept of innovation, innovation of technology and product innovation is the foundation, system and mechanism innovation of technology and product innovation is the guarantee.Siemens company realized: in the continuous development of high technology, everything will soon be a thing of th