prEN_50539-11-Enq_draft直流及特殊应用的SPD标准.doc

- 55 -prEN 50539-11:2011Project number: 22527prEN 50539-11 English title: Low voltage surge protective devices: Surge protective devices for specific application including d.c. Part 11: Requirements and tests for SPDs in photovoltaic applicationsTitre franais: Parafoudres basse tension Parafoudres pour applications spcifiques incluant le courant continu Partie 11: Exigences et essais Parafoudres connects aux installations photovoltaquesDeutscher Titel: berspannungsschutzgerte fr Niederspannung berspannungsschutzgerte fr besondere Anwendungen einschlielich Gleichspannung Teil 11: Anforderungen und Prfungen berspannungsschutzgerte fr den Einsatz in Photovoltaik InstallationenDocument prepared by:Name:WG1 CLC 37ACENELEC body:TC37A Date:08.02.2011Submitted for: prEN 50539-11 Ed 2.0Software used:MS Word 2003(Provisional cover page. The documents title page and foreword are prepared by CENELEC CS)ForewordCENELEC CS will prepare a standard foreword. Please add any special information to go into the foreword so we can insert it in the final text.ContentsPage1Scope62Normative references63Terms, definitions and abbreviations73.1Terms and definitions73.2Abbreviations124Service conditions134.1Voltage134.2Air pressure and altitude134.3Temperatures134.4Humidity145Classification145.1SPD design145.2Types 1 and 2 SPDs- Class I and II tests145.3Location145.4Accessibility145.5Disconnectors (including overcurrent protection)155.6Degree of protection provided by enclosures155.7Temperature and humidity range155.8Multipole SPD155.9Connection configuration155.10SPD overload behaviour mode176Requirements176.1General requirements176.2Electrical requirements196.3Mechanical requirements216.4Environmental and material requirements226.5Additional requirements for specific SPD designs236.6Additional requirements as may be declared by the manufacturer237Type tests237.1General testing procedures247.2Indelibility of markings317.3Electrical tests317.4Mechanical tests437.5Environmental and material tests467.6Additional tests for specific SPD designs477.7Additional tests for specific performance478Routine and acceptance tests488.1Routine tests488.2Acceptance tests48AnnexA (normative) Tests to determine the presence of a switching component and the magnitude of the follow current49A.1Test to determine the presence of a switching (crowbar) component49A.2Test to determine the magnitude of the follow current49AnnexB (informative) Environmental tests for outdoor SPDs50B.1Accelerated aging test with UV radiation50B.2Water immersion test50B.3Dielectric test50B.4Temperature cycle test51B.5Verification of resistance to corrosion51AnnexC (normative) Temperature rise limits52List of Tables:Table 1 List of Abbreviations13Table 2 Tests of types 1 and 2 SPDs14Table 3 Compliant termination and connection methods21Table 4 Environmental and material requirements22Table 5 Type test requirements for SPDs26Table 6 Common pass criteria for type tests28Table 7 Preferred parameters for class I test29Table 8 Tests to be performed to determine the measured limiting voltage32Table 9 - Test application depending on connection configuration40Table 10 Dielectric withstand42Table 11 Air clearances for SPDs43Table 12 Creepage distances for SPDs45Table 13 Relationship between material groups and classifications46Table 14 Test conductors for rated load current test47Table 15 Tolerances for proportional surge currents48List of Figures:Figure 2 - I/V characteristics for a) the simulated PV source and b) the linear d.c. source30Figure 3 Flow chart of testing to check the voltage protection level Up34Figure 4 Flow chart of the operating duty test36Figure 5 Test set-up for operating duty test37Figure 6 Operating duty test timing diagram for test classes I and II37Figure 7 Additional duty test timing diagram for test class I38Figure 8 - Sample preparation for SPD overload behaviour test (Y and V configuration)39Figure 9 - Sample preparation for SPD overload behaviour test (D, L and I configuration)401 ScopeThis European Standard defines the requirements and tests for SPDs intended to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic installations to protect against induced and direct lightning effects. These devices are connected to d.c. power circuits of photovoltaic generators, rated up to 1 500 V.It takes into account that photovoltaic generators behave like current generators; that their nominal current depends on the light intensity; that their short-circuit current is almost equal to the nominal current; are connected in series and/or parallel combinations leading to a great variety of voltages, currents and powers from a few hundreds of W (in residential installations) to several MW (photovoltaic fields). The very specific electrical parameters of PV installations on the d.c. side require specific test requirements for SPDs. SPDs with separate between input and output terminal(s) that contain a specific series impedance between these terminal(s) (so called two port SPDs according to EN 61643-11) are currently not sufficiently covered by the requirements of this standard and require additional considerationNOTE In general SPDs for PV applications do not contain a specific series impedance between the input/output terminals due to power efficiency considerations.SPDs complying with this standard are exclusively dedicated to be installed on the d.c. side of photovoltaic generators. PV installation including batteries and other d.c. applications are not taken into account and additional requirements and tests may be necessary for such applications.SPDs for which the manufacturers declares short circuit mode overload behaviour, shall require specific measures to ensure that such devices will not endanger the operator during maintenance and replacement due to possible d.c. arcing.2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of EN 50539. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of EN50539 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below.IEC60060-1:1989, High-voltage test techniques Part 1: General definitions and test requirementsIEC60112:2003, Method for determining the comparative and the proof tracking indices of solid insulating materials under moist conditionsIEC60227 (all parts), Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including 450/750VEN 60228: 2005, Conductors of insulated cablesIEC60245 (all parts), Rubber insulated cables Rated voltages up to and including 450/750VHD 60364-4-443:2001, Low voltage electrical installations - Part 4-443: Protection for safety - Protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin or due to switchingHD 60364-5-534:2001, Low voltage electrical installations Part 5: Selection and erection of electrical equipment Section 534: Devices for overvoltage protectionEN60529:2001, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)IEC60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems Part 1: Principles, requirements and testsIEC60695-2-11:2000, Fire hazard testing Part 2-11: Glowing/hot wire based test methods Glow-wire flammability test method for end-product.IEC60947-1:2007, Low voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules IEC 60947-5-1:2003, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements Electromechanical control circuit devicesIEC 60999-1:1999, Connecting devices Electrical copper conductors Screw-type and screwless-type clamping units Part 1; General and specific requirements for screw-type and screwless-type clamping units for conductors of 0,2 mm to 25 mm (included)IEC61180-1:1992, High-voltage test techniques for low voltage equipment Part 1: Definitions, test and procedure requirementsprEN 61643-11:2011 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 11: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems - Requirements and tests (presently under enquiry)3 Terms, definitions and abbreviationsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviations apply.3.1 Terms and definitions3.1.1surge protective deviceSPDdevice that contains at least one nonlinear component that is intended to limit surge voltages and divert surge currents IEC 61643-11:2010NOTEAn SPD is a complete assembly, having appropriate connecting means. 3.1.2one-port SPDSPD having no intended series impedanceNOTE A one port SPD may have separate input and output connections.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.3voltage switching type SPDSPD that has a high impedance when no surge is present, but can have a sudden change in impedance to a low value in response to a voltage surge. NOTECommon examples of components used in voltage switching type SPDs are spark gaps, gas tubes and thyristors. These are sometimes called crowbar type components.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.4voltage limiting type SPDSPD that has a high impedance when no surge is present, but will reduce it continuously with increased surge current and voltage. NOTECommon examples of components used in voltage limiting type SPDs are varistors and avalanche breakdown diodes. These are sometimes called clamping type components.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.5combination type SPDSPD that incorporates both, voltage switching components and voltage limiting components. The SPD may exhibit voltage switching, limiting or both.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.6modes of protectionan intended current path between terminals, that contains one or more protective components, for which the manufacturer declares a protection level, e.g. +to, +toearth, -toearth. NOTEAdditional terminals may be included within this current path. IEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.7current branch of an SPDan intended current path, between two nodes that contains one or more protective components.NOTE1 A current branch of an SPD may be identical with a mode of protection of a SPD.NOTE2This intended current path does not include additional terminals.Figure 1 Current branches vs. modes of protection of an SPDBranch 1Branch 2Branch 3Protection mode +/- to earthProtection mode +/- to earthProtection mode + to -+ / -+ / -PE3.1.8nominal discharge current Increst value of the current through the SPD having a current waveshape of 8/20IEC 61643-11:20103.1.9impulse discharge current for class I testIimpcrest value of a discharge current through the SPD with specified charge transfer Q and specified energy W/R in the specified time.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.10maximum discharge currentImaxcrest value of a current through the SPD having an 8/20 waveshape and magnitude according to the manufacturers specification. Imax is equal to or greater than In.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.11maximum continuous operating voltage for PV application UCPVmaximum d.c. voltage which may be continuously applied to the SPDs mode of protection3.1.12continuous operating current for PV application ICPVcurrent flowing between active lines of the SPD when energized at UCPV, when connected according to the manufacturers instructions3.1.13residual current IPEcurrent flowing through the PE terminal of the SPD while energized at UCPV when connected according to the manufacturers instructions.IEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.14follow currentIfpeak current supplied by the electrical power system and flowing through the SPD after a discharge current impulseNOTE The follow current is significantly different from the continuous operating current ICPVIEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.15rated load currentILmaximum continuous rated d.c. current that can be supplied to a resistive load connected to the protected output of an SPD.IEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.16voltage protection levelUpmaximum voltage to be expected at the SPD terminals due to an impulse stress with defined voltage steepness and an impulse stress with a discharge current with given amplitude and waveshapeNOTEThe voltage protection level is given by the manufacturer and should not be exceeded by the measured limiting voltage, determined for front-of-wave sparkover (if applicable) and the measured limiting voltage, determined from the residual voltage measurements at amplitudes up to In and/or Iimp for test classes I and II.IEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.17measured limiting voltagehighest value of voltage that is measured across the terminals of the SPD during the application of impulses of specified waveshape and amplitude.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.18residual voltageUrescrest value of voltage that appears between the terminals of an SPD due to the passage of discharge current.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.191,2/50 voltage impulsevoltage impulse with a nominal virtual front time of 1,2ms and a nominal time to half-value of 50ms NOTEThe Clause 6 of IEC60060-1 (1989) defines the voltage impulse definitions of front time, time to half-value and waveshape tolerance.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.208/20 current impulsecurrent impulse with a nominal virtual front time of 8ms and a nominal time to half-value of 20msNOTEThe Clause 8 of IEC60060-1 (1989) defines the current impulse definitions of front time, time to half-value and waveshape tolerance.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.21thermal runawayoperational condition when the sustained power dissipation of an SPD exceeds the thermal dissipation capability of the SPD component, housing and connection, leading to a cumulative increase in the temperature of the internal elements and resulting in failureIEC 61643-11:20103.1.22thermal stabilitySPD is thermally stable if, after heating up during the operating duty test, its temperature decreases with time while energized at specified maximum continuous operating voltage and at specified ambient temperature conditionsIEC 61643-11:20103.1.23degradation (of performance)undesired permanent departure in the operational performance of equipment or a system from its intended performanceIEC 61643-11:20103.1.24short-circuit current ratingISCPVmaximum prospective short-circuit current from the power system for which the SPD, in conjunction with the disconnectors specified, is ratedIEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.25SPD disconnector (disconnector)device for disconnecting an SPD, or part of an SPD, from the power system in the event of SPD failure.NOTEThis disconnecting device is not required to have isolating capability for safety purposes. It is to prevent a persistent fault on the system and is used to give an indication of an SPDs failure. Disconnectors can be internal (built in) or external (required by the manufacturer). There may be more than one disconnector function, for example an over-current protection function and a thermal protection function. These functions may be in separate units.IEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.26degree of protection of enclosure IPclassification preceded by the symbol IP indicating the extent of protection provided by an enclosure against access to hazardous parts, against ingress of solid foreign objects and possibly harmful ingress of waterIEC 61643-11:2010, modified3.1.27type testconformity test made on one or more items representative of the productionIEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-163.1.28routine testtest made on each SPD or on parts and materials as required to ensure that the product meets the design specificationsIEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-17, modified3.1.29acceptance testscontractual test to prove to the customer that the item meets certain conditions of its specificationIEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-233.1.30Impulse test classification3.1.30.1class I testtest carried out with the impulse discharge current Iimp, with an 8/20 current impulse with a crest value equal to the crest value of Iimp, and with a 1,2/50 voltage impulseIEC 61643-11:20103.1.30.2class II testtest carried out with the nominal discharge current In, and the 1,2/50 voltage impulseIEC 61643-11:20103.1.31sparkover voltage or trigger voltage of a voltage switching SPDmaximum voltage value at which the sudden change from high to low impedance starts for a voltage switching SPDIEC 61643-11:20103.1.32specific energy for class I testW/Renergy dissipated by a unit resistance of 1 with the impulse discharge current IimpNOTEThis is equal to the time integral of the square of the current (W/R = i2dt).IEC 61643-11:20103.1.33prospective short-circuit current of a power supplyIPcurrent which would flow at a given location in a circuit if it were short-circuited at that location by a link of negligible impedanceIEC 61643-11:20103.1.34status indicatordevice that indicates the operational status of an SPD, or a part of an SPD.NOTESuch indicators may be local with visual and/or audible alarms and/or may have remote signalling and/or output contact capability.IEC 61643-11:20103.1.35output contactcontact included in a circuit separate from the main circuit of an SPD, and linked to a disconnecto