实用词汇汇总.doc

Some basic terms in textile industry晴纶柔软机acrylic tow softening machine睛纶水洗机acrylic tow washing machine梳理carding化学纤维锭子chemical fibre spindle化学织维纺丝机chemical fibre spinning machinery化学纤维丝束chemical fibre tow电脑集成制造系统CIMS - computer integrated manufacturing system清洗cleaning精梳机comber精梳机comber setCAD电脑辅助设计computer aided designCAM电脑辅助系统computer aided manufacturingCAQ电脑辅助质量computer aided quality旦尼尔denier牵伸变形机draw texturing machine牵伸加捻机draw twister牵伸卷绕机draw winder牵伸机系列drawing machines series长丝filament复丝fine filament spun by multiple spinnerette plateFMS可调加工系统flexible manufacturing systemMISmanagement information systemMAS加工自动系统manufacturing automatic system计量泵metering pump天然织维纺织机natural fibre spinning machinery麻ramie转速rpmrevolutions per minute并卷绕机ribbon lap machine精并卷机ribbon lap machine立达机械Rieter Machine Works Ltd.环锭缧和机ring spinning frame纲领rings罗拉roller转杯纺纱单位roter spinning units转杯纺纱机rotor spinning machine粗纱roving立达经纬Shanghai Rieter-Jingwei Textile Machinery Ltd.精条卷机sliver lap machine并条slivering特别专件及配件special parts and components锭子spindle喷丝头spinnerette细纱spinningISOthe International Organization for Standardisation倍捻机two-for-one twister黏胶长丝机viscose filament spinning machine黏胶短丝机viscose staple spinning machineTerms used in government securitiesauction拍卖batch processing分批处理bearer from bond无记名国债book-entry bond记帐式国债Cedel世达银行certificate bond凭证式国债collateral抵押coupon-bearing bond附息国债CSD central securities depository 中国证券托管机构dematerialized bond无纸化国债depository托管differential兑价差DVP钱券兑付Euroclear欧洲清算中心government securities primary dealer system国债一级自营商制度gross settlement全额结算Gross Settlement DVP I全额结算hub and spoke model轴与辐条模式immobilization of physical bond实物券的非移动化issue volume发行量Liberty order processing system自由报价处理系统market maker做市商matching撮合Net cash, Gross securities DVP II净款，全额证券Net Cash, Net Securities DVP III净款，净券net settlement净额结算novation替代OTC market场外市场physical bond实物券quota system基数认购real time settlement实时结算registered bond记名国债replacement cost risk重置成本风险RTGS Real Time Gross Settlement实时全额结算securities loan融券short term bills短期国债Sicovam法国存托机构spaghetti factory空心面工厂tendering systtem竞价系统tradable bond可上市国债trade by trade settlement逐笔结算underwriting 承购包销underwriting sydication承购包销团untimely delivery risk不及时交割风险untimely payment risk不及时付款风险untradable bond不可上市国债zero-coupon bond零息国债Terms in power generationAC交流bushing套管cable电缆capacitor电容器circuit breaker断路器combined-cycle power plant联合循环电厂contractor接触器DC直流direct current直流distribution board配电板distribution transformer配电变压器district heating地区供热drive传动系统dry-type干式drying equipment干燥设备electrical multiple units电动机组electrical wholesaling电气批发fans and coils风扇及线圈fossil combustion system化石燃烧系统fossil-fueled化石燃烧 furnance焚化炉fuse熔断器gas turbine燃汽轮机gas-cooled气体冷却 gas-insulated气体绝缘 general contracting总承包服务high-voltage switchgear高压开关light rail vehicle轻铁车辆light-water轻水locomotive机车medium-voltage equipment中压设备multiple units多动力单元oil immersed油浸paint dispensing油漆分散设备paint finishing喷涂系统PFBC增压流化床电厂power distribution配电power generation发电power line输电线power transmission输电 press压机process engineering工艺过程设计reactive power compensation无功补偿substation变电站supercharges增压器switch开关switchboard配电盘tap-changer抽头转换开关变压器 turnkey总承包 utility公用事业utility steam power plant民用火电厂very high-speed train高速列车wire电线Terms used in insurance industryaccident意外事故险actuarial method精算法Advance Loss Profits (ALOP)预期利润损失险，利损险Advance profit预期利润broker经纪人Business Interruption Insurance (BI)营业中断险captive自保公司casualty意外伤害险catastrophe巨灾险ceding company分出公司claim索赔claim settlement理赔combined ratio综合赔付率Consequential Loss (CL)后果损失Contractors All Risks (CAR)建筑工程一切险（建工险）cover保障Delay in completion完工延误EEI电子设备险engineering insurance工程保险Erection All Risks (EAR)安装工程一切险（安工险）excess of loss cover超额赔偿EXL protection超赔保障facultative business临分保IBRNIncurred but not reported losses 已发生但未报的损失IBRN reserveIBRN储备金indemnity period/limit赔期/期限inflated claim超额索赔insurance capacity承保能力insured property参保物业Kobe神户Lloyd劳合社long-tail长尾Loss of profit利损险Machinery (Breakdown) Insurance机器（损坏险，机损险mail/sub-contractor主/分承包商maintenance 保证期multiple claim多次（重复）索赔non-life非寿险officer & director liability雇主保险outstanding claim reserve未决索赔准备金PC industryproperty & catastrophe industryperil危险policy保单pool联营possible maximum loss可能的最大损失premium保费primary insurance company原保公司、主保险商principal/employer业主professional专业险profit margin利润边际property财产险proportional cover比例分保punitive damage惩罚性损害rate 费率reinsurer分保人（分保公司）reinsurer再保人reserve准备金retention 自留return period（巨灾）间隔期short-tail短尾solvency margin赔偿能力standing charges维持费用subject insured风险标的sum insured保额tarrif zone 险区Third Party Liability (TPL)第三者责任险treaties business合同分保turnover营业额underwriting承保working expenses /cost营业费用writing承保Chemical terms of Hoechst companyacetic acid醋酸agricultural & veterinary products农药及兽药analgesics解热镇痛药antibiotics抗生素auxiliaries助剂auxiliary chemicals化工助剂AZO pigments偶氮颜料base chemicals 化工品Cellulose acetate cigarette filter tow二醋酸纤维素丝束cellulose acetate flake 二醋酸纤维素切片dyes染料dyes & indigo products染料及蓝靛类产品dystuff fuchsine engineering plastics工程塑料fiber spin-dying化纤原液染色industrial gasses工业气体Masterbatch色母粒Nautong Cellulose Fibers Co.南通醋酸纤维有限公司pharmaceutical generics一般保健药品pigments颜料plastic films塑料薄膜polyester聚酯纤维polymers聚合物POM聚甲醛powder coating粉末涂料reactive dystuffs活性染料sorbric acid山梨酸STPP三聚磷酸纳streptase链激霉tow丝束、烟束tyre cord轮胎帘子布UHP graphite electrodes超高功率石墨电极vinyl acetate醋酸乙烯water-based paint水溶性漆料Bus and automobile terms气 压 双 管 路air-operated, dual circuit接 近 角 / 离 去 角 approach / departure angle车 身 结 构 ： 半 承 载 式 body structure: semin-monocoque制动系统brake车 架 ： 梯 形 结 构 chassie frame: trapezium structure底 盘 型 号 chassie type整 车 整 备 质 量 complete vehicle kerb mass发动机 汽油或柴油 直列 前置diesel, or gasoline, in line, front-mounted应急制动 emergency brake储 能 弹 簧energy-stored spring前 悬 / 后 悬 front / rear overhang前 轮 距 / 后 轮 距 front / rear tread百 公 里 油 耗 fuel consumption / 100 km变 速 器 gear box钢 板 弹 簧 + 减 震 器laminated leaf spring plus shock absorber左 置 、 循 环 球 式left hand located, ball recirculating steering type主 要 总 成 main parts厂定最大总质量manufacturers total mass发动机最大功率maximum power变速器 机械式 带同步 器mechanical type with sychronizers机械式 作用于后轮mechanical type, acting on rear wheels最小转弯直径 minimum diameter of turning circle总 (长 、 宽 、 高 )overall (length, width, height)驻车制动parking brake后 桥 rear axle乘 员 数 seats行车制动service brake:后桥 单级减速 双曲线伞齿轮single-grade reduction hyperbolic bevel gear离合器 单片 干式 机械操纵single-plate, dry, mechanical control (in clutch)转 向 器 steering gear悬 挂 系 统 suspension轴 距 wheelbaseTerms which often appear at UNICEF meetingsAcute Respiratory Infection ARI 急 性 呼 息 系 统 疾 病ACWF 全 国 妇 联Baby friendly 爱 婴breast feeding 母 乳 喂 养CAPM, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicines 中 国 预 防 医 学 科 学 院CDCC 中 国 儿 童 中 心cold chain 冷 链CPR, Country Program Recommendation 国 别 方 案 建 议 书CRC“ 儿 童 权 利 公 约”diarrhoea 腹 泻DIR 外 经 贸 部 国 际 司early sucking 开 乳goitre rate 甲 肿 率growth retardation 儿童 生 长 迟 缓IDD 碘 缺 乏 症immunization 免 疫infant mortality rate 婴 儿 死 亡 率iodinized salt 加 碘 盐iodization salt 加 碘 盐iodized salt 加碘 盐Iron-deficiency Anemia 缺 铁 性 贫 血maternal martality rate 孕 妇 死 亡 率micro-credit 小 额 贷 款MPO, Master plan of operations 国 别 方 案MTR, Mid-term Review 方 案 中 期 评 审MWR 水 利 部neo-natal tetenus (NNT) 新 生 儿 破 伤 风NPA 儿 童 发 展 规 划 纲 要NPAW 妇 女 发 展 纲 要NPHCC 爱 卫 会NWCCW 妇 儿 工 委（ 国 务 院）obeisity 单 纯 肥 胖 症OCB 儿 基 会 中 国 办事 处ORT 口 服 补液polio eradication 消 除 脊 灰Protein Energy Malnutrition 热 量 蛋 白 质 营 养 不 良Rickets 小 儿 佝 偻 病Silent emergency 无 声 的 危 机SPPA 贫 困 地 区 社 会 发 展 项 目SQLF 宋 庆 龄 基 金 会trace element deficiency 微 量 元 素 缺 乏 症UNAIDS 联 合 国 艾 滋 病 联 合 工 作 组under-weight 低 体 重weaning 断 奶WFP 粮 食 规 划 署WID 妇 女 扶 贫 计 划Terms from the Seminar on the Issuance of Bank Subordinated DebtMarch 28, 2001By James Feng10 step-up 510年期5年进级结构Amortization摊销Basel Agreement or accord巴塞尔协议Basel Committee巴塞尔委员会BIS国际清算银行Bullet structure一次性结构Call option回购权Call option回购权Capital adequacy rate资本充足率Capital ratio资本率（同资本充足率）Capital treatment资本处理（如何计算资本，算多少资本）Common stock (equity)普通股Coupon息票Dated instrument有期限的工具Hybrid Tier I混合一级Instrument工具Jurisdiction国家、地区Loss absorption可吸收损失Lower Tier II二级上层NPL不良贷款Permanent capital长期资本Perpetual instrument （capital）永久性工具（资本）Preferred stock优先股Senior debt高级债务Sound稳健（的货币政策）SPV专用目的工具（证券化的用途）Step-up structure进级结构Sub debtSubordinated debt 次债Subordinated bonds次级债务Synthetic maturity提前到期（就是行使call option的权利）Systemic risk系统（连锁反映的）风险Tax deductible可减免税的Tier II capital二级资本Upper Tier II二级下层Write off冲销货币政策操作词汇由冯京葆整理，2001年5月中国苏州备付(超额准备)金 exess reserve背书 endorsement承兑 acceptance传导机制 transmission mechanism代理行 correspondant定期存款 term deposit/CD短缺经济 shortage economy法定准备金 required reserve防范化解 ward off + mitigate符号经济 virtual economy隔夜市场 overnight market公积金 provident fund股民保证金Stock investor provision回购 repo汇率灵活的通胀目标 inflation targeting with flexible exchange rate 汇率目标 exchange rate targeting活期存款 demand or call deposit货币回笼 take out money货币局 currency board货币联盟 montary union货币目标 monetary targeting货币投放 issue money货币投放 inject money 货币总量Monetary aggregates基础货币 money base, base money经常帐户 current account可传导性 transmitable可调整的固定或爬行钉住 adjustable fixed or crawling peg利率市场化 interest rates iberalization美元化 dollarization实际经济 real economy贴现 Discount （商行对企业）通知市场 call market (one day market)吞吐货币 money throughput外汇占款 mirror image of foreign exchange reserve完全补偿 full remuneration信贷规模 credit quota银行同业拆借市场Inter-bank lending market再贷款 refinancing再贴现 Rediscount （央行对商行）债券市场 bond market中介目标 intermediate target转贴现interbank discount （商行对商行）准备金 provision资本帐户 capital account最终目标 ultimate objectiveEnglish to Chineseacceptance承兑 adjustable fixed or crawling peg可调整的固定或爬行钉住 bond market债券市场 call market (one day market)通知市场 capital account资本帐户 correspondant代理行 credit quota信贷规模 currency board货币局 current account经常帐户 demand or call deposit活期存款 Discount （商行对企业）贴现 dollarization美元化 endorsement背书 exchange rate targeting汇率目标 exess reserve备付(超额准备)金 full remuneration完全补偿 inflation targeting with flexible exchange rate 汇率灵活的通胀目标 inject money 货币投放 interbank discount （商行对商行）转贴现Inter-bank lending market银行同业拆借市场interest rates iberalization利率市场化 intermediate target中介目标 issue money货币投放 mirror image of foreign exchange reserve外汇占款 Monetary aggregates货币总量monetary targeting货币目标 money base, base money基础货币 money throughput吞吐货币 montary union货币联盟 overnight market隔夜市场 provident fund公积金 provision准备金 real economy实际经济 Rediscount （央行对商行）再贴现 refinancing再贷款 repo回购 required reserve法定准备金 shortage economy短缺经济 Stock investor provision股民保证金take out money货币回笼 term deposit/CD定期存款 transmission mechanism传导机制 transmitable可传导性 ultimate objective最终目标 virtual economy符号经济 ward off + mitigate防范化解 巴西航空公司研讨会词汇由张炜收集，2001年5月中国三亚3 abreast configuration三并联座布局aileron副翼air maneuvers空中机动动作airframe components飞机机体部件airline capacity航空运力alternate备降场angel view全角视野annunciation显示anti-skid braking防滑刹车AOA攻角AOG support紧急定货支援approach进场ATC空中交通管制average margin平均裕度avionics specialist航空电子专家baggage compartment行李舱baggage suppression行李抑制balance配重baseline system基准系统bleed引气bleed air management引气管理British Aerospace英国宇航C CheckC检center fuselage中央机身CIS客户综合系统commonality通用性corporate aircraft公务机cost of ownership购置成本cross section横截面customization客户化Dash 7冲锋7data acquisition unit数据采集装置deliveries已交付deplaning离机discreet离散的dispatch签派distribution center供货中心DOC直接运营成本doors仓门electrical & electronic systems电气和电子系统elevator升降舵EMB 121 XinguEMB 121新谷EMB 312 TucanoEMB 312巨嘴鸟Embraer巴西航空工业公司empennage尾翼enplanements登机的旅客e-ticketing电子出票fairing整流罩fault warning故障告警ferry flights转场飞行field support外场支援filter滤波器final assembly总装firm orders确认定单flap襟翼flat panel display平板显示flight control surfaces飞行操纵面flight director飞行指引仪fly-by-wire电传操纵系统Fokker 27福克27fuel燃油fuel gauging油量计量general aircraft familiarization飞机入门ground handling地面工作GSE地面支援设备guidance controller导引控制器Gulfstream湾流gyro陀螺horizontal stabilizer水平安定面hub枢纽机场hull insurance机身保险human centered cockpit以人为本的驾驶仓illustrated parts图解零件initial初始in-service服务中instrument system仪表系统interline中转inventory保有量inventory consignment寄售仓库IPL首批定货清单landing gear起落架leading edges前缘lessor租赁公司load factor上座率mainline carrier干线航空公司major airline干线航空公司material support航材支援mechanics机械师MLG Doors主起落架舱门MTOW最大起飞重量nacelles短舱narrow body fleet窄体飞机机队nose wheel steering前机轮转弯oil滑油on-site representative派住现场的代表operation运营options意向定单overhaul大修overhead bins头顶行李架passenger cabin旅客座舱pax insurance旅客保险pitch排距planing登机plant area厂房面积pneumatics冷气powerplant动力装置precision machined parts精密机加部件preparatory meetings预备会议pressurization control增压控制primary flight display主飞行显示器probe heat探测器加温proximity sensing接近报警pylon吊架rack安装架radio altimeter无线电高度表radome雷达罩range航程Raytheon雷神公司redeliver返租redundancy裕度refreshment复训regional aircraft支线飞机replacement替换机型responsiveness响应性retractable overhead bins收放式头顶行李架retrenchment精简roll横滚rotables旋转部件rudder方向舵sale-leaseback售后回租sector distance航段距离sensor传感器Shorts 330/360肖特330/360sideline跑道侧方simulator flight飞机模拟机sliding door滑动门slot可用机位spare parts航材支援spare parts pool航材共享库spare slots备用槽spoiler扰流板stall warning失速告警start-up team启动小组support package支援服务包symbol generator符号发生器tail cone尾锥taxi allowance滑行油量terrain map地形图troubleshooting排故turbofan涡扇turbulence detection紊流探测turn-around-times周转时间Twin Otter双水獭vertical fin垂尾warranty claims保证期索赔Weybridge惠桥wheel机轮windshield heat风档加温windshield wiper control风档雨刷控制winglet flight test翼尖小翼试飞wings机翼wiring布线yaw damper偏航阻尼器Glossary on International Taxation Laws and PracticesThis is a glossary collected from an event on the above theme. However, as there is a lack of uniformity of Chinese terms of these concepts, these Chinese translations here may not be the ones you expect to use and indeed you may even find them unacceptable sometimes. Terms used in international taxation can be extremely tricky and misleading, which cannot be taken on their face value. If you find some of them useful and would like to make sure you understand them correctly, you may consult the right people about them or you may drop me a note and I will try to help.- James Feng with the help of David Zhang, Aug. 15, 2001check-the-box rule“打勾选择”规定active income主动收入APA (advance pricing agreement)事先定价协议arms length method独立企业交易法arms length price独立企业间价格base company rule基地公司规定best method rule最佳方法规定blocked income滞留收入branch rule分支机构规定burden of proof举证责任carried back向前结转carried forward结转（向后期）CFC (controlled foreign company)控股外国公司COD (cancellation of debt)取消债务consolidate合并CPM (comparable profit method)可比利润法CUP (comparable uncontrolled pricing)current rule现行规则current tax本期税额deduction扣除deemed dividend认定的红利deferral递延device工具dual residence双重居民earnings stripping收益剥离excess credit position超额抵扣情况excess interest expense超额利息支出exemption免除force of attraction吸引力规定formula apportionment公式分配法generic products仿制品（药物专利用语）global jurisdiction属人原则goodwill商誉gross rate毛税率income所得interest expense利息支出IR code国内税法IRS国税局jurisdiction辖区LLC有限责任公司mobile流动性（指可在世界各地作公司业务）net rate净税率partnership合伙人制passive income被动收入phantom income虚幻收入physical presence实际存在(居住)pooling of interest股权联营法portfolio exemption组合投资免税profit split利润分配purchasing method盘购法recognition确认（会计）royalty使用费source来源super royalty rule超级使用费规定tax credit税收抵扣tax haven避税港tax holiday减税期tax planning避税计划tax sparing税收抵扣限制territorial jurisdiction属地原则thin capitalization rule低股本规则threshold下限trade or business业务或经营transfer pricing转移价格treaty（双边税务）协议treaty override协议优先treaty shopping协议寻找withholding tax预提税Brocade 公司词汇 由许建应整理 2002年5月access control list存取控制表aggregate speed合并速度any to any任意至任意API应用编程接口backplane底板cascade级联chassis底板clustering集群dark fibre暗光纤DWDM密集波分多路复用entry level入门级failover故障切换FC-AL光纤通道仲裁环fibre channel switch光纤通道for/backward正/反向frame blocking桢阻塞frame filtering桢过滤FRU可现场替换单元FSPF最短路径优先full duplexing全双工full fabric switch全FABRIC 交换GBIC千兆位接口转换器graceful downgrade舒缓降级hardware enforced zoning硬件强制分区header桢头hecterogeneous兼容host bus adaptor主机总线适配器host library主机库hub集线器increment counter增量计数器ISL trunking干线合并LAN free免