解读塑料薄膜的抗拉强度和抗穿刺性能.doc

/ / / /解读塑料薄膜的抗拉强度和抗穿刺性能Interpretation of the plastic film tensile strength and puncture resistance 在复合土工膜两侧压力水头到达一定值后，复合土工膜就会决裂。逐级增加试样两侧水力压养，并坚持一定时间，当渗流量急速增加，表示试样遭到毁坏，也就取得了试样的耐静水压值。In a composite geomembrane on both sides of the pressure head reaches a certain value, the composite geomembrane will break. Increase sample on hydraulic pressure step by step, and insist on a certain time, when seepage flow increase rapidly, said the samples have been damaged, also made a hydrostatic pressure resistance value of the sample. 坚持复合土工膜的上述压力至少2h，察看渗流管水位变化状况，复合土工膜水位根本稳定（渗流量为0），则以0.1-0.2mpa，为级差逐级增加压力，每级均坚持2h，直至呈现渗流量快速增加现象，标明试样已呈现决裂，此前一级压力即作为耐静水压（mp阿)。Adhere to the composite geomembrane pressure above at least 2 h, examined the seepage pipe water level changes, composite geomembrane was stable water level, seepage flow is 0), with 0.1 0.2 mpa, to increase pressure differential step by step, insist on 2 h for each class, until the present phenomenon of seepage flow increase rapidly, indicate the sample has break, after pressure level that is as resistant to hydrostatic pressure (mp). 复合土工膜规格的选择与下垫层平整度、资料允许拉应力、资料弹性模量、铺设范围内的最大水头及掩盖层最大粒径等有关，其厚度设计除思索主要由水压力请求的强度外，还需思索暴露、埋压、气候、运用寿命等应用条件，并按国度现行有关规范的规则肯定设计厚度及实践厚度。Composite geomembrane specification selection and pad flatness, data allows the tensile stress, elastic modulus, laid within the scope of the particle size distribution of the maximum water head and cover layer and so on, its thickness design in addition to consider mainly by the strength of the water pressure request, still need to think exposure, bury and application conditions such as climate, use life, and with related existing state specifications in accordance with the rules must be design thickness and depth of practice. 施工留意事项Pay attention to matters of construction 运用须采用埋入式：掩盖厚度不宜小于30cm。Using the embedded type should be used in: cover thickness should not less than 30 cm. 复合土工膜普遍应用于水库防渗工程Compound geomembrane is widely applied in the reservoir seepage control engineering 整修防渗系统应有：垫层、防渗层，过渡层、维护层组成。Refurbished seepage control system should be: cushion, seepage control layer, transition layer, maintenance. 土体要坚实，防止不平均沉陷，裂纹，防渗范围内的草皮、树根要肃清。与膜接触面铺设粒径小的沙土或粘土作防护层。Soil to solid, prevent uneven subsidence, crack, seepage control within the scope of the grass, roots to clean up. And membrane interface laid small particle size of sand or clay as a protective layer. 铺设时土工膜不要拉得太紧，两端埋入土体局部成波纹状较好，特别是与刚性资料锚固时，应留有一定的伸缩量五角枫。Laying geomembrane dont pull too tightly, both ends into local soil into corrugated is better, especially with rigid data when anchoring, there should be a certain scale. 施工时，应防止石块，重物直接砸在土工膜上，最好边施工，边铺设膜，边掩盖维护层。Construction, should prevent rocks and heavy objects directly on geomembrane, best edge construction, laying membrane, boundary layer mask maintenance. 膨润土防水毯抗穿刺强度高，摩擦系数大；耐老化性能好，顺应环境温度范围大；优秀的抗排水性能；适用于水利、化工、建筑、交通、地铁、隧道、渣滓处置场等工程。Compound geomembrane puncture strength is high, the coefficient of friction; Aging resistant performance is good, adapt to the environment temperature range is large; Excellent water resistance; It is suitable for water conservancy, chemical industry, construction, transportation, subway, tunnel, dross disposal sites and other projects. 复合土工膜以塑料薄膜作为防渗基材，与无纺布复合而成的土工防渗资料，它的防渗性能主要取决于塑料薄膜的防渗性能。目前，国内外防渗应用的塑料薄膜，主要有聚氯乙烯（PVC）、聚乙烯（PE）、乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA)，它们是一种高分子化学柔性资料，比重较小，延伸性较强，顺应变形才能高锅炉省煤器，耐腐蚀，耐低温，抗冻性能好。其主要机理是以塑料薄膜的不透水性隔断土坝漏水通道，以其较大的抗拉强度和延伸率接受水压和顺应坝体变形；而无纺布亦是一种高分子短纤维化学资料，经过针刺或热粘成形，具有较高的抗拉强度和延伸性，它与塑料薄膜分离后，不只增大了塑料薄膜的抗拉强度和抗穿刺才能，而且由于无纺布外表粗糙，增大了接触面的摩擦系数，有利于复合土工膜及维护层的稳定农用拖拉机。同时，它们对细菌和化学作用有较好的耐腐蚀性，不怕酸、碱、盐类的腐蚀。Composite geomembrane to plastic film as the backing material, seepage control and non-woven composite geotechnical anti-seepage material, its seepage prevention performance mainly depends on the impervious performance of plastic film. At present, the main seepage control application of plastic film, with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE) and ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), which is a kind of high polymer chemistry flexible material, the proportion of small, extensibility, high can adapt to deformation, corrosion resistant, good low temperature resistance, frost resistance performance is good. Its main mechanism is the plastic film of impervious earth dam leakage channel partition, with its larger tensile strength and elongation to accept and adapt to changing water pressure dam deformation; And non-woven fabric is a kind of high polymer chemical short fiber material, after a needle stick or hot forming, has high tensile strength and extensibility, with plastic film after separation, it not only increases the size of the plastic film tensile strength and puncture resistance ability, and because the non-woven fabric looks rough, increasing the