主语从句.doc

主语从句：做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether， 连接代词who ，what ，which， 连接副词when，where， how， why等。1.连接词：1）从属连词：that， whether等.that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。That she left him cut him to the heart.由whether及其他连词引导的主语从句放在句首，句后都可。 Whether it will please them is not easy to say.2)连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever What seems easy to some people seems difficult to others.3)连接副词when，where， how， why等。Why he did it remains a mystery2.位置： 主语从句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主语，而把主语从句，在句末，常用下面几种句型。1）It + be + 表语 +主语从句表语：（名词， 形容词，过去分词）It is a fact (a shame, a pity, good news) thatIt is still uncertain whether he is coming or not.2）It+不及物动词+主语从句It seemed (happened, doesnt matter, has turned out) that It happens that they were absent.3) It +及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays.注意：1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。误：They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural.正：It is natural that they should like each other.2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.主语从句练习一. 用适当的单词填空，使下列主语从句意思完整。1. _ he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all. 2. _we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown. 3. It is a pity _ we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer holidays. 4. _ she is coming or not doesnt matter too much. 5. _ he came from still puzzles all of us. 6. It happened _ I saw him yesterday. 7. It does not make any difference to me _ you do. 8. _ was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 9. _ they will have the sports meet is still a question. 10. It doesnt matter _ she looks like. 二. 用主语从句翻译下列句子。1. 他在找什么与你无关。2. 他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。3. 他是否能来仍然是个问题。4.他们哪一个是从监狱里逃跑的，仍然是个谜。5. 飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。Keys: 一、1.That; 2.Whether/Where; 3.that; 4.Whether; 5.Where; 6.that; 7.what; 8.Who; 9. When/Where/Wether; 10.what.二、1. What he is looking for is none of your business. 2. That he likes books of this kind is very interesting. 3. It remains a question whether he will be able to come.4. Which of them escaped from the prison is still a mystery.