案例-刮痧.ppt

TheAppreciationofCultureinMovies TheGuaShaTreatment Introduction Thefilm GuaSha presentstheculturaldifferencesandconflictsbetweenthelargestEasterncountry ChinaandthestrongestWesternstate America Throughthisfilm wecanseethereisagulfbetweenthetwocountriesintheaspectofculture justasthePacificOceandividesthecontinentintotwoparts DatongXu sfamily acrosssectionofthediversityofcultures Everymemberinthefamilyrepresentedaspecialculturalform DatongXu amosaicofChinesecultureandAmericanculture XuwasaChineseimmigrantinU S A andhehadbeenthereforeightyears HehadacceptedmanybehaviorsandviewsinAmericanway MeanwhilethetraditionalChinesethoughtsandvalueswererootedinhisminddeeply ThetwokindsofculturescoexistedinXu smind Usuallytheywerecompatible butsometimestheyconflictedwitheachother Forinstance heshowedfilialpietytohisfather Whenhebecameasuccessfulcomputergamesdesigner heinvitedhisfathertocometoAmericatosharethehappinesswithhim Indoorshewasalwaysresponsibleforhiswifeandson Heknewclearlythathemustcarryoutthemaindutytohisfamily Outdoors heworkedhard respectedhisbossforhistrust appreciation supportandentrustingXuwithanimportanttask ThesevalueswereallfromtheConfuciantraditioninChina Confucianismemphasized ThreeCardinalGuides rulerguidessubjectfatherguidessonhusbandguideswife FiveConstantVirtues benevolence righteousness propriety wisdomandfidelityAmongthem thechiefvirtueinConfucianismisfilialpiety Theethical moralsystemwhichwassetupbyConfuciusisshared learned andpasseddownthroughthegenerationsinChina DatongXuwasborn educatedandbroughtupinChina TheConfuciantraditionplayedagreatroleinhismindandcouldn tberemoved althoughhecouldaccepttheAmericancustoms obeytheAmericanlaw eventhinkandliveintheAmericanway Cultureisjustlikeaniceberg WhatDatongacceptedwereaspectsofAmericanculturethatwereeasilyobservedandoftenreferredtoasobjectiveculture Butmostofhisculturewhichwasbelowthesurfaceofhisawareness noteasilyobservedreferredtoassubjectivecultureisthatoftraditionalChineseculture Mrs Xu NingJian Datong swife arepresentationofanotherkindofAsian Americans WhatsheknewaboutChineseculturewasfewerthanDatong Shehadbeenfullywesternizedwithoutawareness ShehadtheAmericanvalue spokeEnglish taughthersonintheAmericanway eveninthedinner sheaskedherson Denisetouseforkinsteadofchopsticks However shecouldunderstandthetraditionalChineseculture ThisiswhyshecouldtolerateDatong sfather sirritatinghabitssuchassmokingindoors whichshedislikedinfact ShesupportedDatongcarryingouthisfilialdutytohisfather andwhenDatongwasaccusedbytheChildrenWelfareAgency shehelpedDatonghidethetruthtopreventtheoldmanfromworrying WhileJohnQuinlinwassurprisedwhyDatongtooktheresponsibilityforGuasha shetoldhim BecauseheisaChinese Thischaractershowsthatcultureisdynamic Thecultureonepersonacceptedcanbereplacedbyanotherculture becausetheculturalcircumstancehaschangedforalongtime Thisisasubcultureexistinginthedominantculture IntheU S A AmericancultureissuperiorandtheAsian Americancultureisjustakindofsubordinateculture Datong sfather YixiangXu atypicalsymboloftraditionalChineseculture HewastotallyincompatiblewiththemodernAmericanculture HehadmanyvirtuesoftraditionalChineseculture suchas lovingyoungergeneration Hesupportedhisson scareer tookcareofhisgrandson valuingfriendship felthappywhenhemetLaoHuo hisoldfriendintheawardceremonyandfeltsadafterLaoHuodied integrity AfterMs Xutoldhimthetruth heimmediatelywenttoMr Quinlin shometotellhimthatDatongwasinnocent it shismistake ThesevirtuesaretheimagesoffiverelationshipsthatwereadvocatedbyMencius fatherandson love thosebetweenrulerandsubject therelationofrighteousness husbandandwife chasteconduct elderbrotherandyoungerbrother order friendandfriend faithfulness 注 孔子曾提出了君君臣臣 父父子子和仁义礼智等伦理道德观念 孟子进而提出 父子有亲 君臣有义 夫妇有别 长幼有序 朋友有信 的 五伦 道德规范 ButDatong sfatheralsohadsomebadhabits suchassmokingindoors Infact theseactionsareimpoliteorunhealthy InAmerica peoplearetoldnottodothat Exceptthat hecouldn tspeakEnglish Becauseofthislimitation Datong sfatherwaslimitedinhisownculturalcircumstance thushecouldn tjoinintheinterculturalcommunication Thisshowslanguageisoneofthemostimportantelementsininterculturalcommunication Denise Datong sson amixtureofAmericancultureandChineseculture HewasborninU S A theculturalenvironmentwasAmerican WhathismotherandteacherstaughthimandwhatheheardandsawhelpedhimmakeupanAmericanculturalsysteminhismind Meanwhile theChinesecultureinfluencedhimdeeplybyhisfather sbehavior wordsandtreatmentstohim Twodifferentkindsofculturesarejustliketwodifferenttypesofmaterials beingputintoamelting pot thencombined Infact howtomaketheboygrowuphealthilyandstronglymeansthathowtomakethetwodifferentkindsofculturecoexistharmoniously DifferencesinEducatingChildren Datong shittingDenisInChina it scommonforparentstohitthechildifit sforthechild sgoodness 打是亲骂是爱 不打不骂不成材 IhityoubecauseIloveyou 当面教子 背后教妻 teachandtrainourchildaccordingtoparents will WeChinesetakeourchildrenaspartofus asourprivateproperty nomatterhowweeducatethem it sallfortheirgoodness ChineseValues culturerequiresthat fatherguidesson corporalpunishmentisaneffectivewayinteachingyoungergeneration whentheoldertreatstheyounger theyoungercan toppose becausethere restrictranksinthefamily InAmerica considerchildasthetreasureofthesociety theyareindependentandfree parentshavetheresponsibilityandobligationstolookafterthemaswellasensurethemtherightofbeingeducateditcannotbeacceptedtoignorethechildren sneedorevenhitthemviolently givechildrentherightstoselecttheirownfutures AmericanValues theculturerequiresfreedom independencestrivefordemocracyandequalityparentsandsonarenotonlyrelatives butalsofriends They reequal Americanadultsrespectthechildren sopinionaswellasprivacy Theyprotectthechildren srightsasfaraspossible Law relationshipandwork America developedandcompletelawsystemdothingsstrictlyobeyingthelawbelieveevidencesuselawtoprotectthemselvesChina developingandincompletelawsystemattachmoreimportancetorelationshipuseethicsandmoralstocontrolourselvesandjudgeothers Valuebasis InChina thedominantcultureisConfucianism Confuciustaughtthatsocietywasmadeupfiverelationships Sothisculturedependsonrelations InU S A thedominantculturebelievestechnology economyandtheBible attachgreatimportancetolaw evidenceandcontracts Mianzi Inthefilm DatongexplainedwhyhehitDenisinorderthathegaveMr Quinlin mianzi face inChinacarriesarangeofmeaningsbaseduponacoreconceptof honor thenegotiatedpublicimage mutuallygrantedeachotherbyparticipantsinacommunicativeevents ifloseface feelingembarrassment upsetandangry InChina everyoneisconsciousoffaceallthetime apersonneedsfaceasatreeneedsbark InAmerica concernforfaceexistsbutremainslargelyoutofmostpeople sawareness Attitudestowardsfriends BetweentheChinesecultureandtheAmericanculture therearebothsimilaritiesanddifferencesin thewaypeoplemakefriends howfriendshipismaintained howlongfriendshipusuallylasts howthecirclesoffriendsareformed whatfriendscantalkaboutwithoneanother IntheUS one sfriendstendnottoshareallaspectsofone slifebutrathertobelinkedtospecificactivities Apersonmayhaveworkfriends leisureactivity likegolfing jogging bridge andsoforth friendsandneighborhoodfriends Theyexchangedifferentthingswithdifferentcirclesoffriends Friendsofonecirclemaynotknowfriendsofanothercircle InChina onemayaddfriendsbyknowingfriendsandrelativesfriends thustheircircleoffriendsbecominglargerandlarger OnespecialaspectoffriendshipinChinaisthatfriendshipmaybestrengthenedbyestablishingapseudo kinshiprelationship America One sdutiesandobligatio