GCT英语备考指南.doc

GCT外语运用能力备考指南 1Everything depends on _ we have enough time Aif Bwhen Cwhether Dthat【答案】C【解析】参考译文：一切都在于我们是否有足够的时间。试题分析：此题为语法题，考查宾语从句。if和whether引导宾语从句，通常可互换，但在介词之后通常用whether。如宾语从句置于主句之前，则也要用whether。例如Whether he enjoys reading，I wonder。 2All flights _ because of the heavy storm， we decided to take the train Ahaving canceled Bbeing canceled Chaving been canceled Dcanceled【答案】C【解析】参考译文：由于这场暴风雨航班被取消了，我们决定坐火车。试题分析：此题为语法题，考独立主格的构成。此处独立主格用作原因状语。因为flights是cancel的逻辑宾语，又置于cancel之前，因此cancel应用被动形式，而且航班的取消应发生在我们决定坐火车之前，所以用完成时态。因此C为正确选项。 3British government often says that furnishing children withto the information superhighwayis a top priority Aprocedure Bprotection CallowanceDaccess 【答案】C 【解析】参考译文：英国政府经常表示给孩子提供利用信息高速公路的方法是重中之重。Access使用，接近，获取，使用科技手段取得（货物或信息），后常跟cedure程序，手续；protection保护；allowance津贴，宽容，允许。 举一反三： Citizens may have free access to the library 市民可以自由使用图书馆。 The new work procedure is a great improvement on the old one 比起老工序，新工序是一个巨大的改进。 Her coat gave her protection from the rain 她的外套使她免受雨淋之苦。 The invaders plunder at no allowance 侵略者大肆掠夺。 4This search has attracted wide coverage in the _and has featured on BBC televisions Tomorrows World Adata Bsource Cmessage Dmedia 【答案】D 【解析】参考译文：这项研究在媒体上已经引起了广泛的报道，英国广播公司的电视栏目“明天的世界”中也有专题报道。media媒体，converge新闻报道。其他选项和新闻报道都没有关系。 举一反三： This program are playing complete news converge of the election 这个电视节目正在播放关于选举的全部新闻报道。 5Color and sex are not relevant_whether a person is suitable for the job Aon Bfor Cto Dwith【答案】C【解析】参考译文：肤色和性别与一个人是否适合这项工作没有关系。be relevant to与有关的。 举一反三： What he said was not relevant to the present question 他所说的和目前的问题无关。GCT英语练习及解析 1You shouldnt _ that last week and you should do it next week Ahave done Bdo Cbe doing Dhave to do【答案】A【解析】参考译文：上周你本不该做的，你应该下周再做。试题分析：此题为语法题，考查虚拟语气。should后接动词完成时表示过去不该做的事情实际上已经做了，是虚拟语气用法。接动词原形表示现在与未来的情况，因此，A为正确答案。 2At the gathering， he talked _ about the matter， dampening everyone acute； spirits Ain detail Bwith ease Con end Din a confusing way【答案】C【解析】参考译文：在集会上，他不断地谈论此事，扫了大家的兴。试题分析：此题为词义辨析题。词义辨析in detail详细地；with ease 轻易地，轻松地；on end不停地，无尽地；in a confusing way使人糊涂地。 3Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to_the isolation of life in Alaska Abreak through Bbreak down Cbreak into Dbreak out【答案】A【解析】参考译文：现代化的交通与通信的形式打破了生活在阿拉斯加的隔离状态。break through突围，突破；break down毁掉，压倒，倒塌，中止；break into破门而人，侵占；break out突发，爆发。 举一反三： After the storm the sun broke through the clouds 风暴过后太阳冲破了云层。 The peace talks are said to have broken down 据说和谈破裂了。 The bandits broke into the jewelry store and stole nearly all the valuable necklaces 土匪们闯进了珠宝店，盗走了几乎所有值钱的项链。 It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighbourhood 昨天快半夜了这儿附近发生了火灾。 4The policeman declared that the blow on the victims headfrom behind Ashould have been made Bmust have been made Cwould have been madeDought to have been made 【答案】B 【解析】参考译文：警方称受害者头部的打击应该是从后面来的。语言注释考查几个情态动词的虚拟语气。must have been过去完成时的虚拟，表断定。should have been本应该；would have been用于虚拟条件句的主句第二、第三人称，就会，将要；ought to have been本应该。 举一反三： If the lights were on。they must have been at home 如果灯亮着，那么他们当时一定在家。 I should have bought it if I had enough money 如果当时我有足够的钱，我会把它买下来的。 They would have been killed if the car had gone over the cliff 如果当时汽车翻到悬崖了，他们早就丧命了。 The table-tennis game ought to have finished by now 乒乓球比赛现在应该已经结束了。 5It is important to _between the rules of grammar and the conventions of writtenlanguage Adetermine Bidentify Cexplore Ddistinguish 【答案】D 【解析】参考译文：将语法规则与书面语传统区分开来是很重要的。distinguish（常与from，between连用）区别、区分，如“distinguish between right and wrong（辨别是非）”。determine决定，确定；identify信出，识别，鉴定（及物动词）；explore探测，探索，研究。 举一反三： People who cannot distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind 不能分辨颜色的人被称为色盲。 His advice determined me to drink and smoke no more 他的劝告使我决定不再抽烟喝酒了。 The porters may be identified by their red caps 从他们戴的红帽子就可辨认出他们是行李搬运工。 Have you really explored your nearest town？ 你真的考察了离你们那儿最近的城镇了吗？GCT英语运用能力复习指南（六） 1Hardly had the minister finished his statement _ several reporters raised their hands and put forward a string of questions Awhen Bas Cthen Dthan【答案】A【解析】参考译文：部长一说完就有几名记者举手提了一连串的问题。试题分析：此题为语法题，考查固定搭配。Hardlywhen是固定关联词组，意为“一就”类似的有：scarcelywhen，no soonerthan，因此正确答案为A。 2We should _ our human and material resources if we are to succeed in the joint venture Apour Bplunge Cpool Dpick【答案】C【解析】参考译文：如果我们想办成功合资企业的话，就必须集中我们的人力和物力资源以共分享。试题分析：此为形近词辨析题。pool聚集在一起：Since none of us can afford a car， lets pool our money to buy one for all use.既然，我们谁都买不起一辆车，不如合资买一辆车供大家使用。Apour倾注，倾倒：It was pouring outside.外面大雨倾盆。Bplunge投入：He plunged into the water and saved the girl.他跳入水中救起了女孩子。Dpick摘取：pick a flower摘一朵花。 3The beam that is_by a laser differs in several ways from the light that comes out of a flashlight Aemitted Btransported Cmotivated Dtranslated【答案】A【解析】参考译文：激光发出的光束和闪光灯所发出来的光束有很多方面不同。语言注释：emitted发出，放射；transported传送，运输；motivated激发；translated翻译，转化。举一反三She emitted her small strange laugh她发出她小而奇怪的笑声。On hearing of the victory。the nation WaS transposed with joy听到胜利的消息，全国人民一片欢腾。Examinations do not motivate a student to seek more knowledge考试不能促使学生去追求更多的知识。 4Workers in the fine artsthoughts and feelings through their creative works Atransmit Belaborate CconveyDcontribute【答案】C【解析】参考译文：美术工作者通过他们创造性的作品来表达思想和情感。语言注释convey表达、传达；transmit传播（新闻、信息、信号、电波等）；elaborate精心制作，详细阐述；contribute捐，贡献，投稿。举一反三She couldnt convey her feelings in words她的感情难以言表。Parents transmit some of their characteristics to their children父母把一些特有的素质遗传给儿女。The manager just wants the facts；you dont need to elaborate on them主管只想了解事实，你不必作详细说明。They contributed food and clothing to the refugees他们向难民捐赠食品和衣物。 5In India more than one hundred languages are spoken，_which only fourteen are recognized as official Aof Bin Cwith Dwithin【答案】A【解析】译文在印度有一百多种语言，其中只有十四种被官方承认。把从句改成并列句可以解释为：“In India more than one hundred languages are spoken，and only fourteen of them are recognized as official”答案是A。GCT英语运用能力复习指南（五）Reading Comprehension Directions：Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage： In the old days，divers used to go down into the sea looking for ships that had sunk， because they hoped to find gold and jewelsNow divers still search for valuable things in sunken ships，but they also try to bring to the surface the ships themselves，or parts of themThe value of different kinds of metals has increased greatly over the last twenty or thirty years and even though a ship has been under the sea for many years，it may be worth a great deal One famous sunken ship is the “Lusitania”，which sank off the southern coast of Ireland in 1915 with a loss of nearly，1，500 livesIt has four huge propellers made of an expensive metalToday each of those propellers is worth $ 300，000 or moreThe ship lying on the sea-bed has been brought by a man called John LightHe paid about $ 1，200，000 for the whole shipHe hopes to bring up those propellers and sell themHe also hopes to sell other parts of the ship，when he has brought them to the surface，for about $ 600，000 1Divers today try to bring to the surface_ Agold and jewels Bparts of ships Cwhole ships Dall of the above 2Diver try to bring up metals because_ Athey have been in the sea for a long time Bgold and jewels are not valuable things Csome kinds of metals are worth a lot of money Dit is easy to bring up metals 3The word “surface” in the passage means the_ Amarket Bair Ctop of a liquid Dsea 4John Light hopes that he may be able to sell all the parts of the“Lusitania”for about _ A$12，000 B$300，000C$1，200，000 D$1，800，000 5John Light bought the “Lusitania” _ Abefore 1915 Bbefore it sank Cafter it sank Dafter they had brought up the propellers参考答案 1【答案】D【解析】细节型问题。第一段第二行告诉人们；如今的潜水员不仅寻觅沉船上的宝物而且还打捞沉船。因此正确答案是包括所有选项在内的D项。 2【答案】C【解析】局域型问题。打捞沉船的金属是因为其价值不菲。 3【答案】C【解析】词汇辨义。依据语境可以得知surface是指液体表面。 4【答案】D【解析】数字计算题。John Light花费1，200，000，目的是获利6，000，000，所以总计应该为1，800，000。 5【答案】C【解析】逻辑推理。John Light打捞沉船不可能是在1915年之前，也不可能是在船沉没之前，文中也没提到在打捞上所有的螺旋桨之后，由此，正确答案可以推测出是C项。GCT英语运用能力复习指南（三）Reading Comprehension Directions：Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage： The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun，but the man with the portable computer in business classIn the last l5 years，pilots have reported well over l00 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interferenceThe source of this interference remains unconfirmed，but increasingly，experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic device such as portable computers，radio and cassette players and mobile telephones RTCA，an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry，has recommended that all Airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight，particularly take-off and landingSome experts have gone further，calling for a total ban during all flights Currently，rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlinesAnd although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take-off and landing，most are reluctant to enforce a total ban，given that many passengers want to work during flights The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircrafts computersExperts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communicationBut，because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory，they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not The fact that aircraft may be vulnerable（易受损的）to interference raises the risk that terrorists may use radio systems in order to damage navigation equipmentAs worrying，though，is the passenger who cant hear the instructions to turn off his radio because the music is too loud 1The passage is mainly about Aa new regulation for all airlines Bthe defects of electronic devices Ca possible cause of aircraft crashes Deffective safety measures for air flight 2What is said about the over l00 aircraft incidents in the past l5 years？_ AThey may have been caused by the damage to the radio systems BThey may have taken place during take-off and landing CThey were proved to have been caused by the passengers portable computers DThey were suspected to have resulted from electromagnetic interference 3Few airlines want to impose a total ban on their passengers using electronic devices because. Athey dont believe there is such a danger as radio interference Bthe harmful effect of electromagnetic interference is yet to be proved Cmost passengers refuse to take a plane which bans the use of radio and cassette players Dthey have other effective safety measures to fall back on 4Why is it difficult to predict the possible effects of electromagnetic fields on an airplanes computers？_ ABecause it is extremely dangerous to conduct such research on an airplane BBecause it remains a mystery what wavelengths are liable to be interfered with CBecause research scientists have not been able to produce the same effects in labs DBecause experts lack adequate equipment to do such research 5It can be inferred from the passage that the author Ais in favor of prohibiting passengers use of electronic devices completely Bhas overestimated the danger of electromagnetic interference Chasnt formed his own opinion on this problem Dregards it as unreasonable to exercise a total ban during flight参考译文 现在航空公司面临的安全威胁可能已经不是持枪的恐怖分子，而是商务舱中带便携式电脑的人。过去十五年里飞行员报告了一百多起可能由电磁干扰而引发的事故。这种干扰源尚未最后确定，但是专家们越来越多地指责便携式电脑、收音机、录音机、移动电话等电子设备。 一家航空业顾问机构RTCA建议：所有航空公司禁止在飞行“关键”阶段，特别是起飞和降落阶段使用这些电子设备。某些专家甚至要求在整个飞行期间全部禁止使用。现在，使用这些装置的规则由各航空公司自己制定。虽然某些航空公司禁止乘客在起飞着陆时使用这样的设备，考虑到许多乘客在飞行期间要工作，大多数航空公司不愿意全部禁止。 难题是预计电磁场会怎样影响飞机上的电脑。专家知道便携式电子设备发出辐射能影响飞机导航和通信所用的波长。但因为不能在实验室内再现这些影响，他们就没有办法知道这些干扰是否危险。 飞机易受干扰的损害增加了恐怖分子为破坏导航设备而可能使用无线电设备的危险。然而，因为音乐声音太响而听不到关闭收音机指令的乘客也同样令人担心。参考答案 1【答案】C【解析】主旨判断题。主旨题就是把文章中最关键的核心词和作者的态度放到一起，该选项就是正确答案。 2【答案】D【解析】细节推理题。文章第一段提到In the last l5 years，pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference由此可以选出正确答案。 3【答案】C【解析】因果细节题。文章第二段提到most are reluctant to enforce a total ban，given that many passengers want to work during flights很多乘客想在飞机上工作，所以他们不愿乘坐那些有禁令的飞机。因果关系题解析的关键是寻找表示原因的线索词，如because，for，since，result，cause等。如果文中没有，就要寻找那些有潜在因果关系的句子。 4【答案】C【解析】因果关系题。从文章第三段because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory，they have no way of knowing whether the interference might be dangerous or not可以选出正确答案。因果关系题在同等学力的考试中经常会出现，容易做错。常见的错误主要有非因非果、因果倒置。大家在做选择的时候，主要是抓住表示因果关系的线索词。选择完后，读一读看是否通顺。逻辑是否严谨。 5【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。推断题是一种常考的题型。标志：learn，infer，imply，inform。（1）看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。（2）依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项可能是正确答案。推理题不是考查我们的想象力，它实际是考查我们对原文中的某几个点，如一个、两个点所涉及的问题是否读透。因此，不推的比推的好；推得近的比推得远的要好GCT英语运用能力复习指南（二）Reading Comprehension directions：Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage： Long after the l998 World Cup was won，disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing（裁判）decisions that denied victory to their teamA researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees The researcher organized an experimental tournament（锦标赛）involving four youth teamseach match lasted an hour，divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge Observers noted down the refereeserrors，of which there were 61 over the tournamentconverted to a standard match of 90 minutes，each referee made almost 23 mistakes，a remarkably high number The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detailSurprisingly，he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incidentWhen the officials got it right。they were，on average，17 meters away from the actionThe average distance in the case of errors was l2 metersThe research shows the optimum（最佳的）distance is about 20 meters There also seemed to be an optimum speedCorrect decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per secondThe average speed for errors was 4 meters per second If FIFA，footballs international ruling body，wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup，it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance， rather than rushing to keep up with the ball，the researcher argues He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguidedIf keeping up with the action is not so important，their physical condition is less critical 1The experiment conducted by the researcher wag meant to _ Areview the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup Banalyse the causes of errors made by football referees Cset a standard for football refereeing Dreexamine the rules for football refereeing 2The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _ Aslightly above average Bhigher than in the 1998 World Cup Cquite unexpectedDas high as in a standard match 3The findings of the experiment show that _ Aerrors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball Bthe farther the referee is from the incident，the fewer the errors Cthe more slowly the referee runsthe more likely will errors occur Derror are less likely when a referee stays in one spot 4The word “officials”（Line 3，Para4）most probably refers to _ Athe researchers involved in the experiment Bthe inspectors of the football tournament Cthe referees of the football tournament Dthe observers at the site of the experiment 5What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment？_ AThe ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45 BAge should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee CA football referee should be as young and energetic as possible DAn experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition参考译文 在1998年世界杯结束之后很久，失望的球迷依然在咒骂那些有争议的裁定，因为这些裁定剥夺了他们支持的球队获胜的机会。一名研究员被指定研究些高级裁判员的裁决。 该研究员组织了一次有四个青年队参赛的试验锦标赛。每次比赛一小时，分成三节，每节20分钟，由不同的裁判执法。 观察员记下了裁判的误判，在整个赛程中有61次误判。然后再变换为标准的90分钟比赛，每个裁判几乎做出23次误判，这是一个异常高的数字。 然后研究人员研究了录像带，对比赛进行了详细分析。令人吃惊的是，他发现当裁判靠近犯规的地点时误判的可能性更大。离犯规地点平均有17米的距离时裁判的判决正确。错判时的平均距离为l2米。研究表明最佳距离是约20米。 似乎还有一种最佳速度。当裁判员以每秒两米的速度跑动时才会正确裁判。错判速度平均为每秒四米。 这位研究人员说，如果国际足联（FIFA）国际足球管理机构要在下届世界杯提高裁判水平，应当鼓励裁判员拉开一定距离注视比赛，而不是匆匆忙忙地追着球跑。 他还说，国际足联坚持裁判应当在45岁时退休可能错了。如果跟着比赛跑不那么重要，他们的体力条件就不那么关键。参考答案 1【答案】B【解析】细节推理题。从文章第一段A researcher was ap