ANTONYMY.ppt

ANTONYMY OUTLINE UseofantonymsTypesofantonymsSomerelevantpointsaboutantonymsConclusionandexercise USEOFANTONYMS byNiuYuezeng Definition What santonym What santonymy WordsthatareOPPOSITEareantonyms thesemanticrelationthatholdsbetweentwowordsthatcanexpressoppositemeanings Examples Keeptotheleft youareright Keeptotheright youarewrong Inproverbialsayings Sweetashoney bitterasgall Artislong lifeisshort Morehaste lessspeed Lightcome lightgo Weobservetodaynotavictoryofparty butacelebrationoffreedom symbolizinganendaswellasabeginning signifyingrenewal aswellaschange Leteverynationknow whetheritwishesuswellorill thatweshallpayanyprice bearanyburden meetanyhardship supportanyfriend opposeanyfoe inordertoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty Letbothsidesexplorewhatproblemsuniteusinsteadoflaboringthoseproblemswhichdivideus ANTITHESIS acontrastofideasexpressedbyplacingantonymsinparallelpositionsinasentenceorintwoormorecontinuoussentencesforstylisticpurposesisknowasANTITHESIS Itwasthebestoftimes itwastheworstoftimes itwastheageofwisdom itwastheageoffoolishness itwastheepochofbelief itwastheepochofincredulity itwastheseasonoflight itwastheseasonofdarkness itwasthespringofhope itwasthewinterofdespair wehadeverythingbeforeus wehadnothingbeforeus DickensCharles ATaleofTwoCities PurposesofAntonymUse Whydoweuseantonyms Antonymsareoftenusedforthesakeofcontrasttoimpressone slistenersandreaders TYPESOFANTONYMS byNiuYuezeng Antonymsmaybeclassifiedonthebasisofsemanticcontrastorofmorphologicalstructure SemanticContrast Contraries 相对性反义词 Complementaries 互补反义词 Conversives 换位反义词 Contraries 相对性反义词 richandpoorheavyandlightdeepandshallow Contraries 相对性反义词 GRADABLEADJECTIVE Theycanbemodifiedbyadverbswhichconveythedegreeofintensityoftheadjective Gradabilityincludescomparison young younger youngest veryyoung soyoung extremelyyoung Contraries 相对性反义词 Thereareoftenintermediatetermsbetweentheopposites richandpoorGradations well to do well off moderatelywealthy comfortablyoff hardup beautifulandugly pretty good looking plain Contraries 相对性反义词 N fool wisemanV tolove tohateADV up downDET afew many Complementaries 互补反义词 aliveanddeadsingleandmarriedpresentandabsentmaleandfemaleperfectandimperfect Complementaries 互补反义词 Inacomplementarypairthecontrastbetweenthetwotermsisabsolute Either orrelationship theassertionofoneoftheitemsimpliesthedenialoftheother anentitycannotbebothatonce Complementaries 互补反义词 Inaliterarysensehewasalive butforallpracticalpurposeshewasdead Inappearanceitisimperfect butforpracticalpurposesitisperfect Complementaries 互补反义词 Complementarytermsarenongradable HeisverydeadHeismoredeadthantheotherone Sheisthemostdeadamongthesoldiers Thiswomanisneitheraliveordead Thiswomanisneitherrichorpoor Distinctions Whetheritcanbemodifiedbyadverbstoconveythedegreeofitsintensityorcanbehandledintermsofcomparison Whetheritadmitsintermediatemembers Conversives 换位反义词 lendandborrowhusbandandwifeemployerandemployeeaboveandbelow Conversives 换位反义词 Thesubstitutionofonememberfortheotherdoesnotchangethemeaningofasentenceifitisaccompaniedbyandinterchangeofsubjectandobject IfAlends100YuantoB thenBborrows100YuanfromA IfAisB shusband thenBisA swife IfAisaboveB thenBisbelowA Conversives 换位反义词 Interdependencerelationship onememberofthepairpresupposes 假定 theothermember Conversivesarealsonongradable Distinctions conversivesandcomplementaries whetherthereisabsolutecontradictionbetweentheopposites conversivesandcontraries whetherthereisgradationbetweentheopposites MorphologicalStructure RootAntonym 词根反义词 DerivationalAntonym 派生反义词 RootAntonyms deep shallowtolove tohateup down DerivationalAntonyms happy unhappyconformist non conformistpossible impossibleloyal disloyalprewar postwarcode decodeharmful harmless CONCLUSIONANDEXERCISE byWangXuan Antonymsmaybeclassifiedonthebasisofor Accordingtosemanticcontrast antonymscanbeclassifiedinto and Accordingtomorphologicalstructure antonymscanbeclassifiedintoand Richandpooriscalledapairof Deadandaliveiscalledapairof Borrowandlendiscalledapairof Upanddowniscalledapairof Prewar