新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识解及练习试题全册.doc

新目标英语八年级上第1单元知识讲解及练习含答案【重要词汇概览】ever adv.曾经onceadv. 一次 twice adv. 两次internetn.互联网 programn.节目单，(电脑)程序 hilltop n. 山顶resultn.结果，成果 key n.提醒,提示，线索，答案 translate v.翻译songn.歌曲 junk n.垃圾，破烂物，废弃的旧物 milkn. 牛奶interviewer n.采访者 habitn.习惯,习性 differencen. 不同,差异,区别graden. 分数,成绩,年级 althoughconj. 虽然，即使，纵然unhealthy adj.不健康的，不益健康的 skateboarding n.溜滑板运动【重要词组概览】how often 多久一次 as for 至于，关于 junk food 垃圾食品eating habit 饮食习惯 of course 当然 look after 照顾，照看start with 以开始 make a difference使得结果不同，有重要性go shopping去购物 have a party 聚会 go to the movie 去看电影once a week每周一次 hardly ever很少 twice a week 每周两次three times a week每周三次watch TV 看电视 on weekend在周末do homework 做作业 a lot of 许多try to do试图(努力)做某事 help sb (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 the same as和相同 keep in good health 保持身体健康【语法知识聚焦】一般现在时The Simple Present Tense （1）一般现在时表示现在的状态He is twelve. 他十二岁。 They are at home. 他们在家。（2）表示经常性或习惯性的动作I go to school at seven every day.He plays soccer on Sundays.（3）表示主语具备的性格和能力等She likes apples.They speak Japanese.She is medium build.肯定式否定式I am a cleaner. I am not aYou are right. You are notHe / She / It is here. He / She / It is notWe / You / They are outgoing We / You / They are not否定式和疑问式We go to school at seven every day. He goes to school at seven every day.We dont go to school at seven. He doesnt go to school at seven.Do you go to school at seven? Does he go to school at seven?Yes, we do.（No, we dont.） Yes, he does.(No, he doesnt.)一般现在时常和表示时间频度的副词连用。如：often, usually, sometimes, always, never, hardly ever等。1. I often read books in the evening2. Do they usually go to school by bike?3. He doesnt like milk. He never drinks it.4. Sometimes my mother gets back at five.一般现在时常和以下时间表达法连用。如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at noon, at night,every day,on Sunday(s), at seven 等。Do they have math in the morning?She sleeps nine hours every night.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.They dont have classes on Sundays.动词第三人称单数的构成：1、直接加s：looklooks readreadsplayplays stopstops2. 在字母s, x,ch,sh,o后加es：missmisses fixfixeswatchwatches washwashesgogoes dodoes3. 辅音字母加y结尾的动词去y为i，再加-escarry carries study studieshurry hurries cry cries4.特殊的：have - has 【语法练习】 选择填空( ) 1.A: How often _ she exercise? B: Twice a week.A. do B. does C. doingD. did( ) 2. I _ like to drink milk.A.not B. doesntC. dont D. no( ) 3. Good food and exercise _ me to study bettter.A. help B. helps C. helping D. to help( ) 4. Is her lifestyle the same _ yours or different? A. as B. in C. at D. to( ) 5. I like _ for breakfast.A. a book B. a rulerC. an eggD. a sofa( ) 6. The _are $21.A. glasses B. shoeC. table D. bike( ) 7. Tennis _ my favourite sport.A. are B. is C. amD. be( ) 8. I have a tennis and my friend Jim _ two tennis rackets.A. have B. play C. plays D. has( ) 9. “Lets play computer games.”“That _ interesting.”A. looks B. sounds C. listens D. reads( )10. My father likes football. But he _ it. He only _ football matches on TV!A. plays, watchesB. play, watch C. doesnt play, watches D. plays, doesnt watch 【参考答案与解题思路】 【参考答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C【解题思路】1. 本题考查助动词do和does 的用法。在疑问句或否定句中，当主语为第三人称单数时，主动词用does, 因此，答案为B.2.本题考查助动词do和does 的用法。因为 I 不是第三人称单数形式，因此，答案为C.3.此题为判断和理解型试题, Good food and exercise 是两项事物，因此主语不是第三人称单数形式，因此，答案为 A.4.本题考查固定短语 the same as 的用法，答案为A.5.本题考查辨认食品类单词, 只有egg是食品, 故答案为C.6.本题考查动词be的用法, 但考察方法与前面第小题不同根据题中的are来判定应该用名词复数故答案为A. 7.本题考查动词be的用法, 虽然tennis是以-s结尾，但是，它是单数名词，因此，答案为B.8. 本题考查动词have, has的用法，由于Jim 是第三人称单数，所以，答案为D.9.本题考查交际用语 “That sounds interesting.”的使用，因此，答案为B.10.本题考查一般现在时的用法，首先根据题中My father likes football.和But的提示, 判定第一个空应选择doesnt play,又根据on TV而得到答案watches, 故答案为C. 【综合能力检测】 一根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。1. Hamburger is a kind of j_ _ _ food. I hardly ever eat hamburgers.2. I surf the in_ _ _ _ _ _ every day.3. Look! The old people are on the hill_ _ _. They climb the hills once a week.4. Tom studies English best in our class. He has a big v_ c_b_l_r_.5. My grandparents exercise twice a week to st_ _ healthy.6. Some students watch TV three or four t_ _ _ _ a week.7. Does it m_ _ _ a big difference if you eat fruit every day?8. Its very important to have a good eating h_ _ _ _.9. I never go shopping. I cant st_ _ _ shopping.10. She often g_ _ _ to the movies on weekends.二.连词成句1. what, usually, you do, on, do weekends?_?2. how often, your brother, does, take, a, shower?_?3. I, nine , hours, sleep, every , night._.4. Betty, milk, drinks, every, morning._.5. some, students, once, watch, TV, or, twice, a, week._.三.方框选词 hardly, cleaning, take, gave, try, to play, visiting, exercises, went , goes1. I _ a shower every night.2. My father _ ever watches TV in the evening.3. Thanks for _ me.4. Mary often _ to the movies on weekends.5. Grandma is pretty healthy because she _ every day.6. You must _ to eat less meat.7. I like _ basketball.8. What did you do in summer holidays? I _ to Hongkong with my parents.9. My mother _ me a new bike on my birthday .10.What are you doing? We are _ our room.四. 根椐括号中所给提示词语，回答问题。1. What do you usually do on weekends?( climb the hill)_.2. How often do you go to the movies? ( once a year)_3. How often does your brother play soccer? ( three or four times a week)_4. What does your mother do at home? ( watch TV)_5. Are you healthy? (yes)_五.写作根据表格内容写一篇50字的短文。Nameexercisevegetablesfruitmilkjunk foodsleepPeterevery day7 times a weekevery dayevery dayonce a weekninehoursJohnhardlysometimesnevernever3 and 4 times a weekninehoursPeter is pretty healthy. He exercises every day._John is unhealthy . He hardly ever exercises._ 【答案与解析】 一根椐题意和所给的字母提示，填入正确的单词。1. junk 2. internet3. hilltop4. vocabulary 5. stay6. times7. make 8. habit9. stand10. goes 二.连词成句1. What do you usually do on weekends?2. How often does your brother take a shower? 3. I sleep nine hours every night.4. Betty drinks milk every morning.5. Some students watch TV once or twice a week.三.方框选词1. take 2. hardly 3. visiting 4. goes 5. exercises 6. try7. to play8. went 9. gave 10. cleaning解析：1. 本题考查动词短语take a shower 的用法, 由于时间状语为every night,应该用一般现在时。又语为I , 因此答案为take.2. 本题考查短语hardly ever 的用法, 因此答案为 hardly.3for 为介词， 介词的后面应该用动名词， 因此答案为visiting.4. 本题考查短语go to the movies 的用法。时间状语为often，应该用一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数，故答案为goes.5. 根椐所给词语和题意理解为：grandma 身体健康的原因是每天锻炼身体，因此，本题答案为: exercises.6. must是情态动词，其后应该接动词原形，根椐题意，本题答案为try.7. 动词like 可以构成：like doing sth. 和like to do sth. 意思为：喜欢做某事。本题根椐题意和所给词汇，答案应为to play.8. 根椐题意判断，本题为一般过去时态。故答案为went.9. 根椐题意判断，本题为一般过去时态。又根椐所给的词汇，本题答案为：gave.10. 因为本题为现在进行时态，又题中横线的前面已经有are, 根椐题意，本题答案为cleaning.四. 根椐括号中所给提示词语，回答问题。 1. I usually climb the hill on weekends.2. I go to the movies once a year.3. My brother plays soccer three or four times a week.4. She watches TV at home.5. Yes, I am.解析：3. 主语是My brother，第三人称单数，因此动词应该用plays.4. 主语是She, 第三人称单数，因此动词应该用watches.5. 根椐所给词意确定，本题答案应该为一般疑问句的肯定回答，所以答案为, Yes, I am.五.写作根据所给条件，写出短文，书写时应该用一般现在时。同时还要注意动词的形式，因为主语都是第三人称单数，所以动词也应该用第三人称单数形式。请看正确答案： 后附本单元听力材料Unit 1听力材料Section A 2a and 2b A: So, Cheng, how often do you watch TV?B: Hmmmabout twice a week, I guess.A: Uh-huh. And how often do you read?B: Oh, I read every day at school!A: How often do you go to the movies?B: Huh lets see maybe once a month?A: How often do you exercise?B: Oh, I exercise about three times a week.A: How often do you shop?B: Shop? I shop about about twice a month. Section B 2a and 2b A: Thanks for coming for the interview.B: Thats OK. This is Bill. You can interview him, too.A: OK. then so, how often do you exercise?B: Every day.C: Hardly ever.A: Uh. How often do you eat vegetables and fruit?B: I eat vegetables ten or eleven times a week and I eat fruit every day.C: I sometimes eat vegetablesmaybe twice a week. But I never eat fruit. I dont like it. A: All right. So how many hors do you sleep every night?B: Nine. I need lots of sleep.C: Same. Nine. I need lots of sleep, too.A: How often do you drink milk?B: Never. I cant stand milk. Its awful!C: Oh, I love milkI drink it every day.A: What about junk food? How often do you eat it?C: I love junk food -I eat it three or four times a week.B: Yeah, I love it too. I guess I eat it two or three times a week.A: Well, thank you very much.B: Youre welcome.新目标英语八年级上第2单元知识讲解及练习含答案【重要词汇概览】 matter n.事情，问题,差错 armn.臂，胳膊 backn.后背，背脊 earn.耳朵 eyen.眼睛 foot n.脚，足（pl. feet） legn.腿，腿部 neck n.脖子，颈部 nose n.鼻子 stomachn.胃，胃部 toothn.牙齿(pl. teeth) sore adj.疼痛的 stomachachen.胃痛，腹痛，肚子痛 throat n.喉头，喉咙 toothachen.牙痛 fevern. 发烧 liev.躺，卧，平放在某处(lay, lain) honeyn.蜂蜜 dentist n.牙医 illnessn.疾病，生病 advice n.劝告，忠告，建议 thirstyadj.渴的，口渴的 heal v.医治，治愈 balance n. 平衡，平衡状态，协调 might aux.v. 可能,可以,允许(may 的过去式) beef n.牛肉 lamb n.小羊，羊羔，羊羔肉 energy n.精力，活力，能力 life n.生命，人生 bean n. 豆，豆科植物 strayv. 远离，走失，离题 balancedadj.平衡的,协调的 diet n.饮食,节食 backachen.背痛 improvev.改善，改良，提高 speakingn.口语 headachen. 头痛 homestayn.待在家里 importantadj.重要的，重大的，严重的 【重要词组概览】 have a cold患感冒 stressed out 紧张的，有压力的 bean sprout豆芽 get tired感觉疲惫 stay healthy保持健康 at the moment此刻，现在 on the other hand另一方面 get a cold 患感冒 see a dentist看牙医 go to the party去参加聚会 make sb sick 使某人不舒服(患锁病) have a sore throat 嗓子痛 have a fever发烧,发热 have a toothache牙痛 have a backache背痛 have a headache头痛【语法知识聚焦】看病需要和医生交流，这是英语口语中必不可少的内容。从医生询问病情，病人诉说病情，到医生检查、诊断和医嘱，这些环节最常用的语句，同学们必须掌握。一、医生询问病情的常用语句：1. Whats wrong/the matter (with you)? 你怎么了？ Whats your trouble, young man? 年轻人, 你哪里不舒服? When did it start? 从何时开始生病的？2. How are you (feeling) now? 你现在觉得怎么样? Are you feeling better today? 你今天好些了吗?3. Have you got a headache/a cough? 你头痛/咳嗽吗?4. When did you feel unwell? 你什么时候觉得不舒服的?5. When did the pain start? 疼痛何时开始的?6. Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗? Do you feel tired?你觉得疲劳吗?7. How long have you been like this?你像这样有多久了?8. Did you eat anything for breakfast?你早饭吃了什么没有?二、病人诉说病情的常用语句：1. I dont feel very well. / Im not feeling well. 我感到不舒服。2. I have (got) a headache. 我头痛。 I have a sore throat. 我嗓子痛。 I have a backache. / I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。 Theres something wrong with my leg. 我的腿有毛病了。3. I feel terrible.我感到很难受。 I feel even worse.我感到情况更糟了.4. I dont feel like eating anything. 我什么都不想吃.5. I dream too much. 我的梦特别多. I cant fall / be asleep in the evening. 晚上我睡不着.6. It began two days ago. 两天前开始的.7. I dont feel any better now. 我感觉没有什么好转.8. I had noodles for lunch today. 今天午饭我吃的是面条.三、医生检查、诊断和治疗的常用语句:1. Open your mouth and say Ah-.张嘴说 啊- .2. Let me take your temperature. 让我给你量量体温.3. Theres nothing much wrong / serious with you. 你没什么大问题.4. You have got a bad cold. 你患了重感冒.5. You have to be in hospital.你得住院.6. Youd better stay in bed for a few days.你最好卧床几天. Youd better not eat too much sugar.你最好别吃太多的糖. Eat less food and take more exercise. If you do that, youll feel much healthier. 少吃些,多锻炼,不久你的身体就会健康得多. Drink more water. 多喝水. You should drink a lot of water. 你应该多喝水。 Have a good rest.好好休息.7. Take one of these pills twice a day. 这些药每次服一片,每天两次. Take the medicine after meals. 饭后服药.8. Youll soon be all right. 你很快就会康复的. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快就会好起来。 Try to relax before you go to sleep. 睡觉前尽量放松一下。 【能力训练】一、补全对话小明生病了，他流鼻涕，还不停的咳嗽。现在他正在看医生，请阅读并补全他们的对话。A: Im not feeling well, doctor.B: Whats the 1 ?A: Well, I have a runny nose and I 2 stop coughing.B: You have 3 a cold. Take some medicine and 4 a good sleep.Youll 5 better soon.A: Thank you doctor.二、连词成句1. should, he, bed, to, go, early_.2. have, you, do, throat, sore, a _?3. should, to, healthy, you, exercise, stay_.4. shouldnt, she, tired, when, study, she, is_.5. Sonja, shouldnt, party, tonight, to, go, the, certainly_.三、语法填空 1. What is she doing now? She _ _ (play) the kite now.2. Where did he go on vacation? He _ (stay) at home.3. I am tired now. I _(study) late last night.4. My mom_(like) the color of blue, but my grandparents _(like) the color of yellow.5. A: I _ _ _ (feel) well now. B: You should go to the doctor.6. He believes that I should _(have) a good habit.四、翻译句子 1.牛奶能帮助你保持健康的身体。 Milk can _ you _have a healthy body.2.我爸爸让我好好学习英语。 My father _ me _ study English well.3.我妈妈说我应该晚饭尽量少吃肉。 My mom said that I should _ _ eat less meat for dinner.4. 不要太疲劳，不然会使你生病的。Dont _ too tired. Or it will _ you sick.5. 我相信每天晚上8个小时的睡眠很重要。 I believe that its _ _ sleep 8 hours each night.五、作文 Tom每天都不能按时上交老师留的作业，请你至少给他写5条建议，建议要合情合理。Tom cant finish the homework on time. I think he should take the advice like: He should _【知识天地】下列对话中，后面划有横线的一行均有一处错误，请找出错误，并把正确的答案写在横线上。A: Whats the wrong with you, young man? 1. _B: Im not feel well and Im very weak.2. _ I cant do some work, doctor. 3. _A: Do you have headache? 4. _B: No, I dont.A: Do you sleep well in night? 5. _B: Yes, I sleep very well.A: Did you eat breakfast every morning? 6. _B: No, I dont. And I eat only a little foods7. _ of lunch and supper because I want to 8. _ keep thin.A: Oh, I see. Theres much nothing wrong with you. 9. _ You need eat more food and have three meals 10. _ a day. And do some exercises every day. 11. _ Then youll turn better soon. 12. _【参考答案点拨】一答案：1. matter/trouble 2. cant 3. caught/had/got 4. have 5. feel/be/get解析：1. Whats the matter? 和Whats the trouble? 是医生向病人询问病情时的常用语句，答案为matter/trouble。2本句中前部分用了动词have， 因此而推断本题为一般现在时，又从语言背景中得知：他不停的咳嗽，因此答案为cant。3此句为现在完成时态，主动词have+动词的过去分词。have a cold, catch a cold, get a cold 都表示患了感冒，因此答案为caught/had/got5. Youll 是 You will 的缩写形式，其后应该接动词原形，better是形容词，必须与连系动词连用，因此答案为feel/be/get。二、1. He should go to bed early.2. Do you have a sore throat?3. You should exercise to stay healthy.4. She shouldnt study when she is tired5. Sonja certainly shouldnt go to the party tonight.三、答案：1is playing2. stayed3. studied 4. likes, likes 5. am not feeling6. have解析：1. 根据问句得出，动词play 应该用现在进行时，所以答案为is playing.2. 根据问句得出，动词stay应该用一般过去时，所以答案为stayed.3. 由于本句的时间状语为last night, 所以动词study应该用一般过去时，所以答案为studied.4. 根椐句意，某人喜欢某种颜色属于个人的习惯与爱好，应该用一般现在时表示，两处主语都是第三人称单数，所以答案为likes, likes.5. 根据You should go to the doctor. 推断出答案应该是：am not feeling。 6should 为情态动词，其后应该加动词原形，因此答案为have. 四、答案：1. help, to 2. tells, to 3. try to 4. be, make 5. important to解析：1. 本题考查动词短语help sb. to do sth. （帮助某人做某事）的用法，答案为help, to.2. 好好学习 我们理解为是父母经常对我们的嘱咐，应该用一般现在时，tell sb. to do sth. 意为让某人做某事，答案为tells, to。3. 本题考查动词短语try to do sth. 意为: 尽量/努力/试图做某事, 所以答案为try to.4. 表示疲劳要用系表结构