教你怎么使用PubMed.ppt

生物医学文献数据库PubMed 医学分馆信息咨询部 PubMed简介 PubMed是美国国立医学图书馆 NLM 所属的国家生物技术信息中心 NCBI 开发的因特网生物医学信息检索系统 PubMed主要提供基于Web的Medline数据库检索服务 其中包括医学文献的订购 全文在线阅读的链接 专家信息的查询 期刊检索以及相关书籍的链接等 什么是MEDLINE MEDLINE是美国国立医学图书馆 U S NationalLibraryofMedicine 是最重要的目录文摘数据库 是IndexMedicus IndextoDentalLiterature andInternationalNursingIndex文摘期刊的在线版本 内容涉及医学 药学 卫生保健和兽医学 侧重在临床医学 牙科 护理学及卫生等方面 收录了全世界70多个国家和地区的4600余种生物医学期刊 现有书目文摘条目1100万余条 时间起至1966年 全面权威的北美文献汇总 PubMed的收录范围 MEDLINE 收录了1966年以来世界上70多个国家的近4600种生物医学期刊 包括1000多万条记录 内容每周更新一次 每条记录都有唯一一个PMID PubMedUniqueIdentifier Premedline 该数据库是从1996年8月起新增的 只提供基本的引文信息和文摘 每天更新 每条记录都标有 MEDLINEinprocess 经过标引 增加主题词 文献类型 基因库存取号等字段 以后进入MEDLINE 并从Premedline中删除这些记录Publisher SuppliedCitation 出版商直接向PubMed提供的电子刊物 每条记录都标有 Recordassuppliedbypublishers MEDLINE并非收录这些电子刊物中每一篇文章 如Science或Nature中的地质学文献 若未被MEDLINE收录 则永远保留在Premedline中 PubMed检索规则 基本检索规则辅助检索功能其他检索途径个性化服务获取全文 常用数据库的入口网站 基本检索输入框 侧栏提供其他检索 如 期刊数据库检索 规范词数据库检索 特定文献检索 特征栏 提供辅助检索功能 PubMed主页www ncbi nlm nih gov entrez 个性化服务 基本检索规则 BasicSearchandautomatictermmapping Identifythekeyconceptsinyourresearchquestion Enterthesignificanttermsintothesearchbox PresstheEnterkeyorclickGo PubMedusesanAutomaticTermMappingfeaturetosearchforunqualifiedterms WhenyouclickGo PubMedwilllookforamatchinuptothelists ItlooksfirstforamatchintheMeSHTranslationTable Ifitdoesn tfindamatch itlooksintheJournalsTranslationTableandfinallyintheAuthorIndex unqualifiedterms TermsthatareenteredintothePubMedqueryboxwithoutasearchfieldtag e g mh TherewillbetimeswhenPubMedisunabletomatchasearchtermwitheitherofthetranslationtablesortheAuthorIndex PubMedwillthensearchtheindividualwordsinAllFields Individualtermswillbecombined ANDed together 例 badbreathcauses 如果我要查找thecausesofbadbreath badbreathcauses 可以查看PubMed是怎样 理解 和 运算 你的检索词 结果显示页面 Details PubMed自动把 badbreath 对应到MeSH词表中的 halitosis PubMed把 causes 对应到MeSH词表的 etiology 并还将其作为副标题进行检索 Searchingbyauthor Entertheauthor snameintheformatoflastnamefollowedbyinitials Omitpunctuation e g smithjaorJonesK Ifonlytheauthor slastnameisentered tagthenamesearchwiththeauthorsearchfield au tofindthenameintheauthorfieldonly E g woods au TheFullAuthorTranslationTableincludes Fullauthornamesforarticlespublishedfrom2002forward andtojournalsthatpublishusingthefullnamesofauthors Fullauthornamescanbeenteredinnaturalorinvertedorder juliaswongwongjuliasHowever forsomenamesitisnecessarytodistinguishwhichnameisthelastname ryan jamesjames ryan Fullauthornamesearchingallowsforautomatictruncationoftheforename Ifyoudon tknowthemiddleinitial enteronlythelastandfirstnames herronbruceNameswithmultiplemiddleinitials e g PeterFHSchwab haveaspaceinbetweentheinitials Useanyofthefollowingsearchingformats peterschwabpeterfschwabpeterfhschwabfullauthorsearchingcanbeenteredinnaturalorinvertedorder Youmayoptionallyusethe fau tag bowerm SearchingbyJournalTitle Enterinthesearchboxoneofthefollowing fulljournaltitle e g molecularbiologyofthecell titleabbreviation e g molbiolcell ISSNnumber astandardizedinternationalcode e g 1059 1524 IfajournaltitleisalsoaMeSHterm e g GeneTherapy Science orCell PubMedwillsearchtheuntaggedtermasMeSH TagthejournaltitlebyusingtheJournalTitlesearchfield ta tosearchforthejournal e g genetherapy ta Ifajournaltitleisasingleword tagthetitleusingtheJournalTitlesearchfield e g scanning ta Otherwise PubMedwillsearchtheuntaggedsinglewordjournaltitleasaMeSHterm ifapplicable orasAllFields 例 molecularbiologyofthecell molecularbiologyofthecell 例 Cell SingleCitationMatcher TheSingleCitationMatchercansimplifyyoursearchforaspecificarticleorsetofarticlesfromapaticularjournal 填入期刊的全称或缩写 一边输入 系统的自动完成功能会列出包含这些词的期刊名称供检索者挑选 如果希望检索结果的专指性更强 可以填写其他的限制项如 date volume authorname titlewords JournalDatabase TofindthefulljournaltitleMEDLINEabbreviation ISSN orotherinformationaboutajournalinPubMed usetheJournalsDatabase YoucansearchtheJournalsDatabasebyjournaltitle titleabbreviation NLMID ISOabbreviation orISSN lancet 辅助检索功能 PubMed主页 Booleanoperators AND OR NOT PubMedassumestheANDoperatorbetweenconcepts e g vitaminccommoncold istranslatedasvitamincANDcommoncold EnterBooleanoperatorsinuppercasecharacterstocombineorexcludesearchterms ANDretrievesresultsthatincludeallthesearchterms ORretrievesresultsthatincludeatleastoneofthesearchterms NOTexcludestheretrievaloftermsfromyoursearch FindcitationsonDNAthatwereauthoredbyDr Crickin1993 dna mh ANDcrick au AND1993 dp Findarticlesontheeffectsofheatorhumidityonmultiplesclerosis heatORhumidity ANDmultiplesclerosisFindcitationsaboutarthritisexcludingthePublicationTypeLetter arthritisNOTletter pt Booleanoperatorsmustbeusedwhencombiningtaggedsearchtermsasfollows searchterm tag BOOLEANOPERATORsearchterm tag Inamulti wordsearchPubMedwilluseAutomaticTermMappingtoidentifyconcepts Forexample forthesearchairbladderfistula PubMedwillsearch airbladder asaphrase Ifyoudonotwantthisautomaticphraseparsing entereachtermseparatedbytheBooleanoperatorAND e g airANDbladderANDfistula Searchingforaphrase PubMeddoesnotperformadjacencysearching However manyphrasesarerecognizedbytheMeSHTranslationTableusedinPubMed sAutomaticTermMapping ATM feature Forexample ifyouenterfeverofunknownorigin PubMedrecognizesthisphraseasaMeSHconcept IfaphraseisnotrecognizedyoucaninstructPubMedtobypassATMandsearchforaphraseusingtheformatsoutlinedbelow Enclosethephraseindoublequotes kidneyallograft Useasearchtag kidneyallograft tw Useahyphen first lineTruncate kidneyallograft Truncatingsearchterms Tosearchforalltermsthatbeginwithaword enterthewordfollowedbyanasterisk Flavor Findstermsthatbeginwiththeroottermflavor suchasflavored flavorful flavoring etc TruncationturnsoffautomatictermmappingandtheautomaticexplosionofaMeSHterm Forexample heartattack willnotmaptotheMeSHtermMyocardialInfarctionorincludeanyofthemorespecificterms e g MyocardialStunning Shock Cardiogenic Truncatingawordinamulti wordquerymayresultinanunexpectedphrasesearch Forexamplethesearch fetusinfection maternalwilltreatfetusinfection asaphrase Limityoursearches Youcanlimityoursearchbyfulltextorfreefulltext agegroup gender humansoranimalsstudies languages publicationtypes dates andbyotherparameters Limitsalsoincludesasearchbuilderforauthorsandjournals WhenLimitsare ineffect acheckwillappearintheLimitstabandyourselectedlimitswilldisplayinayellowbar ToturnofflimitsclickofftheLimitstabcheckboxandrunanewsearch CombiningSearches History ClicktheHistorytab ClickonthelinkedsearchstatementnumbertodisplaytheoptionsmenuthatincludesBooleanoperatorstoAND ORorNOTyoursearchtothesearchbox Alternativelyyoucanenteranumbersignfollowedbythesearchnumber e g 1 inthesearchbox Addadditionalsearchtermsintothesearchboxorcombinewithothersearches ClickGo 检索篇数 检索式 检索时间 检索结果输出 MeSHDatabase MeSH 医学主题词表 MedicalSubjectHeading 简称MeSH 是NLM对生物医学文献进行主题分析 标引的权威性词表 也是指导用户使用主题索引进行文献检索的工具 由于自然语言存在大量的一词多义 一义多词 单复数变化等现象 这就给读者查找文献带来了很大困难 MeSH的主要就是起到规范化作用 保证文献的作者 标引者和检索者在用词上的一致 将自然语言转换成规范化的人工语言 提高检索效率 CombiningMeSHTerms CombiningMeSHTerms 以Measles为例 详细结果显示页面上部 主题词注释 可勾选副主题词 限定作为主要主题词匹配 不进行下位词扩检 该主题词所替代的非规范词形式 主题词树状结构表 详细结果显示页面下部 组配检索的方法 outbreaks MyNCBI UserPreferencesSavingSearches SettingEmailAlertCollection UserPreferences AvailablefromMyNCBIsidebarChangethedisplayformatfortheLinksmenuofyoursearchresultsscreen Saveane mailaddressforSendtoE mailaswellasautomatice mailupdates ChoosetohighlightPubMedsearchwordsinretrievalwhenyouaresignedintoMyNCBI ChangesinglecitationdisplaydefaultformAbstractPlusformattoanotherformat SavingSearches SettingEmailAlert Ifthee mailboxisblank enterane mailaddressfortheaccount Allautomaticupdateswillbesenttothataddressfollowingconfirmation SelectHowOftenyouwanttogetupdates monthly weekly ordaily Selecttheformat Summary Abstract etc andeitheranHTMLortexte mail Selectthemaximumnumberofitemstobesentwitheachupdate Don tworryaboutpickinganumberthatistoolow Youcanusealinkinthee mailthatyoutothetotalupdateresultsinPubMed retrievednocitations select sende mailwhentherearenonewresults Theadditionaltextboxwilldefaulttothesearchname Youcanreplacethistext keepinginmindthatthistextwilldisplayoneache mailupdatean Sender smessage andthestrategyisalsodisplayedinthee mailmessage Manyuserswillpre