2011学年秋季班英美概况综合复习题(北京林业大学).doc

2011学年秋季班英美概况综合复习题Understanding the United StatesChapter 1 A General Survey I. Gap-filling1. The United States covers the central part of North America. 2. Washington, D.C. is the capital and economic center of the United States.3. The lowest point of the US is Death Valley.4. Rose is the national flower of the US.5. Wyoming is the least populous state of the US.6. The United States is a federal republic consisting of 50 states.7. In 1776, the United States declared its independence from Great Britain.8. The official language of the US is English, and the second most spoken language is Spanish. Hawaiian is an official language in the state of Hawaii.9. Religiously, most Americans are Christian; among them 52% are Protestant and 24% Roman Catholic.10. The White House is the residence of the President of the United States, and the Capitol Hill is home to American Congress.II. Terms Explanation11. Uncle Sam It is the nickname of the US, usually a cartoon figure dressed in striped pants, a long tailcoat, a tall hat covered with stars and stripes, and a beard. This image came from a meat provider named Samuel Wilson during the war of 1812. The American Congress officially recognized Uncle Sam as a national symbol in 1961. 12. Stars and Stripes It is the national flag of the US. It has 13 stripes7 red stripes and 6 white stripes.A blue square in the upper corner contains 50 white stars. The stripes represent the 13 original American colonies. The 50 stars stand for the 50 U.S. states.13. Independence DayIt is a legal holiday of the US (on July 4). On July 4, 1776, The Declaration of Independence announced that the thirteen North American colonies would be the thirteen United States of America, free and independent of Great Britain.14. National Bird of the USIII. Answer the Following Questions18. What is the name of the national anthem of the United States? How was it adopted? “The Star-Spangled Banner” is the national anthem of the United States. It was composed by Francis Scott Key in 1814. The United States Congress made the “Star-Spangled Banner” the national anthem of the United States in 1931.19. Why was Rose taken as the national flower of the US?The American people hold the rose dear as the symbol of life and love and devotion, of beauty and eternity, so President Reagan signed Proclamation in 1986 that the Rose is named as the National Floral Emblem of the United States of America.20. Why did Americans choose bald eagle as their national bird?The bald eagle was chosen in 1782 as the emblem of the US, because of its long life, great strength and majestic looks, and also because it was then believed to exist only on this continent.Chapter 2 Geography and HistoryAGeographyI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. F (third, after China and India)1. TheUnitedStates is the worlds second most populous country._T_2. Hawaii is an island state of the United States. Multiple Choices3. Which is the tallest mountain in the United States?A. Mount Whitney.B. Mount McKinley.C. Rocky Mountains.D. The Sawatch Mountains.4. Which city is the most populous city in the United States?A.Washington D.C.B. Los Angeles.C. New York City.D. Philadelphia.III. Gap-filling5. The Mississippi River is known as the Father of Waters in the U.S6. Chicago got its nickname “Hog Butcher to the World” for its once prosperous slaughterhouses.IV. Short Answer Questions8. Into which large body of water does the Mississippi River flow? It flows into the Gulf of Mexico. 10. Does the Mississippi River flow: north to south, south to north, east to west, or west to east?north to south11. Which river forms a long border between the United States and Mexico?The Rio Grande River.12. Which river forms part of the boundary between Canada and the United States?The St. Laurence River14. Which one of the five lake s is entirely in the United States? Lake MichiganBHistorySection 2 Colonial PeriodI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. _T_ 1. San Francisco and Los Angeles were once the Spanish settlements._ 2. The American first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated on the last Thursday in November of 1620. F (1621). Multiple Choices4. Quebec, the first French settlement in the New World was set up along the banks of the _.A. Hudson RiverB. Mississippi RiverC. St. Lawrence RiverD. Delaware River5. This first Virginian colony_ was established in 1607.A. Richmond B. Jamestown C. Williamsburg D. Lexington6. New York used to be known as _?A. New HampshireB. New JerseyC. New NetherlandsD. New England7. Who founded the colony of Pennsylvania and what religious group did he belong to? A. Charles Penn, QuakerB. William Penn, PuritanC. William Penn, QuakerD. Charles Penn, Puritan8. Georgia, Americas thirteenth colony, was founded for a certain group of people. Who were these people?A. PuritansB. QuakersC. PilgrimsD. Debtors9. What was the name of the boundary that separated the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies?A. Middle-Southern LineB. Mason-Dixon LineC. The BoundaryD. Charles-Mason Line Match each of the founders in the left column with his colony in the right column.10.1)Thomas Hookera) New Jersey2) Roger Williamsb) Rhode Island3) James Edward Oglethorpe c) Georgia 4) Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteretd) Connecticut1）-d，2)-b,3)-c,4)-aSection 3 Struggle for IndependenceI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided. T 2. The “Boston Tea Party” on the night of December 16, 1773 made the British government pass a series of acts known as the Coercive Acts; or the Intolerable Acts.T 3. It was in the Second Continental Congress that George Washington was appointed commander in chief of the Continental Army. Multiple Choices5. In the summer of 1765, the Sons of Liberty were formed to oppose to _. A. the Declaratory ActB. the Stamp ActC. the Quartering Act6. The incident known as the Boston Massacre happened _.A. before the American Independence WarB. during the American Independence WarC. after the American Independence War7. The First Continental Congress was held in _ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. Boston C. New York8. _ finished most of the writing of the Declaration of Independence. A. Benjamin FranklinB. John Adams C. Thomas Jefferson9. American victory at _ was a turning point of American Independent War because it brought France into the war on the American side. A. ConcordB. YorktownC. Saratoga. Match each of the events in the left column with the time in the right column.10.1) The fighting at Lexington and Concorda) On October 17, 1777 2) The battle of Saratogab) In April 1775 3) The British surrendered to General Cornwallis c) On October 19, 1781d) In August, 17801)-b, 2)-a, 3)-cSection 4 The Westward MovementI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided T2. TheLouisianaPurchase doubled the size of the United States and opened the door for Americas westward expansion.F(Oklahoma)3. During 1838-39, the Cherokees were forced to move to the Indian Territory that is today known Louisiana. Many died during this forced migration. T4.The fortune seekers who rushed to California to look for gold in 1849 were known as Forty-Niners.Match the events with the time 8) the Louisiana purchasea) 18489) Indian Removal Actb) 183010)American-Mexican Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgoc) 1803d) 1802238)-c, 9)-b, 10)-aSection 5 American Civil WarI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false. F1. Attack on the Fort Sumter was the first major Land Battle of the American Civil War. T2.Both the North and South needed a powerful central government before the Civil War. T3.The chief and immediate cause of the war was slavery. II. Multiple Choices5. Who was the President of the provisional government of the Confederate States of America during the US Civil War? A. Abraham LincolnB. Jefferson DavisC. Brig. Gen. BeauregardD. Robert E. Lee6. The Battle of _ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull Run B. Gettysburg C. RichmondD. Appomattox7. Which battle produced the most casualties in the Civil War?A. The battle of Fort Sumter B. The First Battle of Bull RunC. The Antietam Battle D. The Battle of Gettysburg8. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead Bill B. Emancipation ProclamationC. Gettysburg AddressD. Both A and B9. The first American President from the Republic Party is _.A. Abraham Lincoln B. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas Jefferson D. George WashingtonIII. Match the following items with names10.1) Gettysburg Addressa) Ulysses S. Grant2) Uncle Toms Cabinb) Robert E. Lee3) Confederate generalc) Abraham Lincolnd) Harriet Beecher Stowee) Eli Whitney1)-c, 2)-d, 3)-bChapter Exercises (History)I. Gap-filling1.Christopher Columbus is regarded as the discoverer of America.2. In 13 colonies, _Georgia_ is the farthest south.3. In 1620 a group of Puritans left Plymouth, England, and moved to America in the ship named _Mayflower_.4.12 years of conflicts between the British government and the colonists caused the outbreak of the Independent War. 5. In February 1778, the Continental Congress entered into a formal alliance with _France_.6. On May 14, 1804, President Thomas Jefferson sent _Merewether Lewis and William Clark to explore the west.7. The team of the Lewis and Clark expedition was known as_the Corps of Discovery. 8. September 17,1862 was the bloodiest day in American military history.9. President Lincoln issued_the Emancipation Proclamation_ after the Union victory at Antietam.10. The assassination of a(n) _Austria_ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI. Answer the Following Questions 17. What is the significance of the Gold Rush? The gold rush brought more than 80,000 people to California. These settlers helped change California from a frontier area into a state. The gold rush also poured billions of dollars into the United States economic development and established America as a nation of industry.18. What caused the American Civil War? Sectional differences between the North and the South, slavery issue and the election of Abraham Lincoln as president in 1860.Chapter 3 Political system & National EconomyAPolitical SystemSection 1 Brief Introduction to the Political SystemI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.F1. Today any citizen can vote.T2. The Fifteenth Amendment gave black Americans the right to vote. F3. The number of senators from each state depends on the size of the states population.T 4. In general, the Republicans tend to be more conservative, while the Democrats tend to be more liberal.II. Multiple choices 5. The Constitution works as well today as when it was written, because _.A. the Constitution is flexibleB. the Constitution can be amendedC. the United States has rarely grown and changedD. both A and B 6._ Amendment gave women the right to vote.A. the 19th B. the 17thC. the 15thD. the 13th7. The right to _ is only entitled to the national government.A. establish school systemB. collect taxes C. print moneyD. maintain police power. Match the branch in the left column with its major function in the right column8. The judicial brancha) administers the laws9.The executive branchb) makes the laws10.The legislative branchc) interprets the laws8)-c, 9)-a, 10)-bSection 2 Constitution of the United StatesI. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.T1.The US constitution is the oldest constitution still in effect in the world.F2. There are 27 Amendments to the U.S. Constitution of which only 24 are active.T3. Under the Articles of Confederation(邦联条例), the central government was much weaker than the state governments.F(Two-thirds)4. Three-fourths of Congress must approve an amendment before it is added to the Constitution. . Multiple choices5. What is the Bill of Rights? A. First Ten Amendments to the ConstitutionB. Last Ten Amendments to the ConstitutionC. The first paragraph of the Constitution D. The main ideas in the Declaration of Independence6. The motto of the United States expressed in the Constitution is _. A. We, the peopleB. a more perfect UnionC. checks and balancesD. E Pluribus Unum (From Many, One).7. _ is known as the Father of the ConstitutionA. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. James MadisonD. Benjamin Franklin. Match each of the Amendments in the left column with its contents in the right column.8. Amendment 14a) forbidding slavery9. Amendment 26b) Citizenship Rights10. Amendment 13c) Voting Age Set to 18 Years8)-b, 9)-c, 10)-aSection 3 Government. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.T1. The United States has a federal system, in which power is shared between national government and state government.T2. The doctrine of popular sovereignty, representative government, the system of checks and balances, and federalism are four principlesof American democracy.T3. One of the most important powers reserved to the states is the police power.T4. Election Day is on the Tuesday after the first Monday in December every year. Multiple choices 5. Thebasicfunctionof a government is _.A. to provide stabilityB. to make laws and enforce lawsC. to provide many services, such as schools, parks, sewage systems, and streets and highwaysD. to regulate, or control, activities such as trade and transportation6. The Constitution divides the government into three branches. Which one of these is not a branch? A. LegislativeB. ExecutiveC. JudicialD. Commercial7. _ is an expressed power given exclusively to the national government.A. To raise and maintain the armed forcesB. To defend their countriesC. To regulate immigrationD. To maintain law courts. Match each of the categories of powers in the left column with its specific power in the right column.8. Powers of the National Governmenta) police power9. Powers of State Governmentsb) charter banks10.Concurrent Powersc)regulate immigration8)-c, 9)-a,10)-bSection 4 Major Political Parties. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.F1. Six of the countrys first eight presidents were Democrats.T 2. Today, the Republican Party supports a conservative platform.F 3. The symbol of the donkey is associated with the Republican Party, while the symbol of the elephant is used to define the Democratic Party. Multiple choices 5. In 1800 _ was elected as the first Democratic President of the United States.A. James MadisonB. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington D. John Adams7. The Republican Party was founded in 1854 by people_. A. who felt that the federal government should have the power to direct the economy, and a society built on industrial interestsB. who felt the national government should have limited powers and a society with independent farmingC. who wanted to keep slavery from spreading to other parts of the countryD. who wanted to gain independence from Great BritainSection 5 Presidents of the United States. Decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write “T” for true and “F” for false in the space provided.F1. There are 25 Cabinet posts in all.T2. Fivepresidentshavedied in office, with three of them killed by assassins.T3.The Congress can impeach the president accused of a serious crime, but so far, ithasneverremoved a president from office.F4. It is only customary that president runs more than twice. Multiple choices 5. In 1803 United States President _ paid Napoleon Bonaparte of France $15 million for about 2.1 million sq km of land west of the Mississippi River.A. Benjamin FranklinB. John AdamsC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington6. Presidents cannot _.A. serves as commander in chief of the countrys military forcesB. declare warC. appoint most of the countrys judgesD. issue rules, regulations and instructions7. Presidents _ are not related to each other by direct descent.A. John Adams and John Quincy AdamsB. George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush C. Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin D. RooseveltD. William H. Harrison Benjamin Harrison. Match each of the presidents in the left column with the relevant description in the right column8. Thomas Jeffersona) resigned he Watergate Scandal9. Richard M. Nixonb) author of the Declaration of Independence10.Franklin Delano Rooseveltc) led America to victory in World War II8)-b, 9)-a,10)-cB. National Economy. Match each of the cities/regions in the left column with its major industry i