2010年兰州中考英语解析.doc

兰州市2010年初中毕业生学业考试试卷 英 语（A）注意事项：1.全卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生必须将报考学校、姓名、准考证号、考场、座位号等个人信息填（涂）写在答题卡的相应位置上。3.考生务必将答案直接填（涂）写在答题卡的相应位置上。第卷 （选择题 共80分）一、听力理解（分四小节，共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）第一节：听句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选择与你所听到的内容相同或相近的选项。（每个句子读一遍）1.A. parent B. present C. pleasant2.A. 83662817 B. 83662617 C. 832628173.A. thought B. caught C. bought4.A. Anyway, Ill tell you the secret. B. If you dont tell the secret to others, Ill tell you. C. If you tell the secret to others, Ill tell you.5.A. John doesnt like football. B. John prefers volleyball to football. C. John prefers football to volleyball.第二节：情景反应。听句子，根据你所听到的句子，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最恰当的应答语。（每个句子读一遍）6.A. Im afraid you cant B. Thats greatC. It doesnt matter7.A. Good idea B. At 7 oclock C. Not at all8.A. No, please do it. B. Yes, you can do it.C. Its very kind of you.9.A. She is better now. B. She likes dancing.C. She is tall and pretty.10.A. Since last month. B. September.C. Six oclock第三节：听下面四小段对话，每小段对话后有一个问题，根据对话内容及问题，选择正确的答案。（每段对话读两遍）11.What is Tom making? A B C12. When did the concert begin? A. At 8:00 B. At 7:45 C. At 8:1513. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a hospital. B. In the street. C. On a bus.14. How did Stephen improve his English? A. By speaking B. By reading C. By writing第四节：听下面三段短文，根据短文内容及所给问题选择正确答案。(每段短文读两遍) 听下面的短文，回答15至16小题。15. How are more people reading now? A. Reading from books. B. Reading from newspapers. C. Reading online.16. What does the speaker think of the Internet? A. Interesting. B. Convenient. C. Boring. 听下面的短文，回答17至18小题。17. What did the speakers class talk about? A. How to deal with the waste. B. How to protect the environment. C. How to save money.18. If we dont know how reuse the waste things, what should we do? A. We can throw them away. B. We can sell them to the recycling. C. We can ask others for help. 听下面的短文，回答19至20小题。19. How long did the first balloon trip last in 1783? A. Eight minutes. B. Eight hours. C. Eight Days.20. Finally how did the American and the Frenchman save themselves? A. They jumped out of the balloon. B. They threw away most of their things. C. They stopped the balloon. 二、单项选择题 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读下列各题，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个最佳答案。【甘肃兰州】21. Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. _ you are, _ mistakes youll make. A. The more carefully, the fewer B. The more careful, the less C. The more carefully, the less D. The more careful, the fewer答案：D【解析】本题考查形容词比较级的用法。“the+比较级the+比较级”的用法，表示“越越”。“你越细心。”这个句子是系表结构，故用形容词careful。fewer是few 的比较级，修饰可数名词，故选D。【甘肃兰州】22. -_ hard work you have done! -Its very kind of you to say so. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a答案：A【解析】本题考查感叹句的用法。感叹句通常由what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词。How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序；How+形容词或副词+ 陈述语序；而What +名词+ 陈述语序；What+a+形容词+名词+ 陈述语序；What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序；What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序。依题意这里是修饰名词work,但work是不可数名词，前面不能加不定冠词，故选A。【甘肃兰州】23. -When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free these days.A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither答案：C【解析】本题考查不定代词的用法。both意思是“两者都”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。either意思是“两者之中任何一个（方）”，它作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。本题根据 “Im free these days.” 可以看出这两天哪天都行。故选C。【甘肃兰州】24. Danny did all kinds of things to make the baby _.A. to stop crying B. stop crying C. to stop to cry D. stop to cry答案：B【解析】本题考查make的用法。make后面跟不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。【甘肃兰州】25. -What are on show in the museum? -Some photos _by the children of Yushu, Qinghai.A. have been taken B.were taken C. are taken D. taken答案：D【解析】本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。taken 作some photos 的定语，分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面。故选D。【甘肃兰州】26. You shouldnt _ your hope. Everything will be better.A. give up B. fix up C. cheer up D. put up答案：A【解析】本题考查词组的辨析。give up 是“放弃”的意思，fix up是“修补，修理”，cheer up是“使振作起来，put up 的意思是“举起，张贴”。根据题意：“你不应该放弃希望。一切都会好起来。”故选A。【甘肃兰州】27. How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing?A. cost B. took C. spend D. pay答案：A【解析】本题考查动词“花费”的辨析。cost主语是物，表示某物或某事花去某人多少金钱、时间或精力。spend主语是人，表示某人在上花去多少金钱。take 作为“花费，占用”，其主语是物，经常跟双宾语。pay的主语是人，通常与for连用。本题的意思是：从上海到北京的票价要花费多少钱？故选A。【甘肃兰州】28.They were all so tired that they could _.A. do nothing but sleep B. do anything but sleep C. do nothing but to sleep D. do anything but to sleep答案：A【解析】本题考查句意的理解。nothing but表示除之外（没有）。本题题意是：他们是如此的累以至于他们除了睡觉什么都没有做。选A。【甘肃兰州】29. -Where would you like to go on your summer holiday, Mike? -Id like to go _.A. nowhere interesting B. interesting anywhere C. somewhere interesting D. interesting somewhere答案：C【解析】本题考查形容词修饰不定代词的位置。形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词之后。本题是肯定的陈述句。故选C。【甘肃兰州】30. -He didnt go to the lecture this morning, did he? -_. Though he was not feeling very well.A. No, he didnt. B. Yes, he did. C. No, he did. D. Yes, he didnt.答案：B【解析】本题考查反义疑问句的用法。对于反意疑问句的回答，我们要根据客观事实来判断。如果事实是肯定的用yes，否定的用no。本题的意思是：他尽管身体不舒服，可是还是参加了演讲。故事实成立。故选B。【甘肃兰州】31. In the past few years there _ great changes in my hometown.A. have been B. were C. had been D. are答案：A【解析】本题考查现在完成时的用法。“in the past few years”表示“在过去几年里”，用于现在完成时句子中。【甘肃兰州】32. We have two rooms _, but I cant decide _.A. to live, to choose which one B. lived, choose which oneC. to live in, which one to choose D. live, which one答案：C【解析】本题考查动词不定式的用法。根据句意：我们有两间屋子去居住，但是我不知道选择哪一个。第一个句子的live in的in不能省略。“选择哪一个”用“which one to choose”。故选C。本题难度适中。【甘肃兰州】33. Many Chinese students think science subjects are _ foreign languages.A. more difficult as B. less difficult than C. much difficult than D. so difficult as答案：B【解析】本题考查形容词的比较级的用法。A和D的结构不对应用as.as的句型。C中much用来修饰比较级，不能用来构成比较级。故本题选B。【甘肃兰州】34. -Have you found the information about the famous people _ you can use for the report? -Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet.A. who B. what C. whom D. which答案：D【解析】本题考查定语从语的用法。本题的先行词是information，the famous people是用于修饰information的，故关系词用which修饰物，故选D。【甘肃兰州】35. -Tommy, do you know if Frank _ to the theatre with us this Sunday if it _? -Sorry, I have no idea.A. will go, is fine B. goes, is fine C. will go, is going to be fine D. goes, will be fine答案：A【解析】本题考查if的用法。既可以表示“如果”引导条件状语从句，且从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时；也可以表示“是否”引导宾语从句。故选A。【甘肃兰州】36. We have _ up early in order to catch the early bus.A. used to get B. been used to get C. used for getting D. been used to getting答案：D【解析】本题考查used to 和be used to的区别。used to 指的是过去常常做某事，目的在于与现在形成对照。be used to 表示“习惯做某事”，接动名词的形式。根据题意：我们习惯于起早是为了赶上早班车。故选D。【甘肃兰州】37. I think _ of the materials I listened to at the beginning of the exam _ easy.A. three fourths, is B. third four, are C. three fourths, are D. three fourth, are答案：C【解析】本题考查的是分数的表达法。分数的构成原则是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。“四分之三的材料”表达的是复数概念。故选C。【甘肃兰州】38. -May we leave the classroom now? -No, you _. You _ to leave until the bell rings.A. mustnt, are allowed B. dont have to, are supposedC. neednt, arent allowed D. cant, arent supposed答案：D【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法以及be supposed to的用法。以may开头的一般疑问句其否定回答用mustnt。be supposed to 其语义相当于ought to，表示 “应当”、“理当”去做某事。故本题选D。【甘肃兰州】39. The plane _ when we got to the airport.A. had taken off B. was taken off C. will take off D. is taking off答案：A【解析】本题考查过去完成时的用法。“当他们赶到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。”故用过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去。选A。本题易。【甘肃兰州】40. -I hear Huang Gang made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday. -_ , and _.A. So he did, so did I B. So did he, so I did C. So he was, so was I D. So was he, so I was答案：A【解析】本题考查的是so引导的倒装句。把副词so放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人或物，构成“so+be (have, 助动词或情态动词)+主语”句型。如果表示对上文的肯定用so+主语+ be (have, 助动词或情态动词)，表示“确实如此”。根据题意：上文说黄刚做了演讲，回答：他确实做了（演讲），并且我也做了。故选A。【甘肃兰州】三、完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。The 2010 Winter Olympic Games will take place in Vancouver and Whistler(惠斯勒) from February 12 to 28. As the worlds 41_ athletes will compete there, Canada is preparing for it well.It will be broadcasted(播出) in Canadas two 42_languagesEnglish and French. Billions of television viewers worldwide will 43_ the opening ceremony of the 2010 Winter Olympic Games. Athletes from more than 80 44_ will compete in 86 medal events over 17 days. Then the Paralympics(残奥会) will 45_ from March 12 to 21. Canada has 46_ millions of dollars preparing. Thousands of spectators will visit the country. Canada will be 47_ it all.The building of Olympic gyms began in 2005. Opening and closing ceremonies will be held indoors, at BC Place Stadium. Itll 48_55,000 seats. Some competitions, 49_ ski, and bobsled, will take place in Whistler. Its a ski village. During the Games, roads will be closed. More than 15,000 policemen will work to 50_ the peace throughout the Games.The United States is the only country to host the Winter Games four times. Team USA hopes 2010 will be a golden year.41. A. worst B. best C. cleverest D. tallest42. A. special B. unusual C. official D. ordinary43. A. watch B. notice C. look D. hear44. A. cities B. towns C. villages D. countries45. A. run B. begin C. stop D. end 46. A. paid B. took C. cost D. spent47. A. full of B. ready for C. worried about D. afraid of48. A. give B. serve C. hold D. host49. A. with B. including C. as D. so50. A. keep B. make C. let D. protect【文章大意】2010年的冬奥会将2月12日至28日在加拿大的温哥华和惠斯勒举行。届时将有全世界最优秀的运动员在这里参赛，这次冬奥会将有来自80个国家的选手在这17天当中角逐86枚奖牌。而残奥会将在3月12日至21日举行。一些竞技项目，例如滑雪和长撬比赛将在惠斯勒举行，那里是冰雪故乡。在整个比赛期间，道路将被封闭，近15,000名警察全程维护比赛的安全进行。美国队希望2010冬奥会将是个金牌之年。41. B【解析】根据题意是“全世界最优秀的选手将在这里比赛”，故选B。42. C【解析】这里要用到的是“官方语言”，故用official languages。故选C。43. A.【解析】“观看冬奥会”用动词watch, 故选A。44. D【解析】根据题意是“将有来自80个国家的运动员”，country用复数。故选D。45. A【解析】根据后面的一个时间段“from March 12 to 21”这里应该是“在此期间举行”，begin有“开始”的意思。是短暂性动词。而run 有“进行活动，运行”的含义。故选A。46. D【解析】本题主语是人，用spend（in）doing sth.的句型。故选D。47. B【解析】依据题意是“加拿大将为此做好充分准备”，“为做准备”用be ready for的形式。故选B。48. C【解析】根据题意：它将提供55,000个座位。“提供，服务于”用serve。选C。49. B【解析】依据题意：“一些比赛，包括”including是介词：包含、包括。故选B。50. A【解析】“保护和平”用keep the peace。故选A。【甘肃兰州】四、阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面A、B、C三篇短文，根据短文内容和问题，从题后A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。【甘肃兰州】A.Whenever the sun dropped and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through which I learned lessons from his experiences. He always told me, “You should have goals like climbing the mountain.” Without the mountain-climbing that we both enjoyed, we couldnt have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy. I really got a lot from the mountain-climbing. It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience.Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old. During the first few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, and the birds singing. But as time passed, I got a pain in both of my legs. I wanted to quit climbing, but my father said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you cant see it before you reach the top. Only there can you see all of the nice things, which is just like your life.”At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But later after that, I got to know the meaning of hope in life. I found myself standing at the top of the mountain, and the sky was as clear as crystal.51. The passage tells us that mountain-climbing was _ for the father and the son. A. hard B. enjoyable C. painful D. comfortable52. The underlined word “crystal” in the passage means _.A. 岩石 B. 火焰 C. 水晶 D.寒冰53. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the fathers words in the second paragraph?A. You will get all you need at the top of the mountain.B. The sky is always as clear as crystal.C. You can find life is full of nice things.D. Never give up half-way.54. We can infer(推断) from the last paragraph that _.A. the writer was very successful in his lifeB. the writer reached the top of the mountainC. though the writer was young, he could understand his fatherD. the writer used to stop half-way when he climbed the mountain55. The best title for the passage is _.A. Reaching the Top of the Mountain B. Standing at the Top of the MountainC. Conversations between Father and Son D. How to Get to the Top of the Mountain【文章大意】我和父亲一起经常去屋外附近的山上去爬山。他经常告诉我：“你应该像登山一样保持你的生活目标。”在10岁的时候，我去爬了一个更高的山峰，在前几个小时的攀登中，我不累，但是不久我感觉到了双脚的疼痛，我想退出爬山，但是父亲告诉我：“你爬到山顶，才能看到最美的风景。”到了现在，我开始明白“希望”在生命中的意义了。我发觉自己站立于高山之巅，头顶的天空就像清撤的水晶。51. B.【解析】由文章第一段中“Without the mountain-climbing that we both enjoyed”可知，选B。52. C 【解析】由最后一段可知：我发觉自己站立于高山之巅，头顶的天空就像清撤的水晶。故选C。53. D 【解析】划线部分的意思是到达山顶可以看到美丽的景色，反之就看不到。父亲告诉我爬山的重要意义就是学会“不要半途而废”。选D。54. A 【解析】从本文最后一句“I found myself standing at the top of the mountain,”隐喻作者现在是成功人士，故选A。55. A 【解析】A选项是“到达山顶”。强调登山一直到山顶的过程。而B选项只是侧重于“站在山顶”。C是父子之间的对话，D是如何去登山一个山的山峰。不合题意。故选A。【甘肃兰州】B.Because earthquakes happen without warning, its important to take steps now to prepare. Because you dont know where you will be when an earthquake happens, prepare some supplies for your home, workplace, and car. 1. Water.A person needs at least 1/2 gallon of water daily just for drinking. Store at least 1 gallon of water per person per day and be prepared for a 72-hour period. It is suggested that you buy bottled water. Keep bottled water in its original container and do not open it until you need to use it. Also, do check the “use by” date.2. Food.Its always a practical idea to keep a supply of non-perishable(不易腐烂的) food on hand. Have an enough supply of canned food, powdered milk, dried fruits, non-salted nuts and canned juices for at least 72 hours.3. Flashlights(手电筒) and spare batteries.Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work, and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are sure that no gas leaks.Prepare a battery-powered radio and spare batteries. Most telephones will be out of order, so radios will be your best source of information.4. Clothes.If you live in a cold place, you must think about warmth. You might not have heat after an earthquake. Think about your clothing and bedding supplies.56. Why should people prepare themselves for an earthquake? A. Because earthquakes can be known before they happen. B. Because earthquakes take place without warning. C. Because earthquakes usually take place in the neighborhood. D. Because its peoples daily work to prepare the earthquakes.57. About the prepared water, which description is RIGHT? A. A person should prepare 0.5 gallon of water for one day. B. Youd better use your own containers to keep water. C. Youd better open the bottled water when you buy it. D. You shouldnt open the bottled water until you need it.58. You should prepare all of the following except _. A. powdered milk B. fresh vegetables C. dried fruits D. canned juices59. According to the article we know that _. A. we need to prepare some supplies only at home B. a telephone is the most important prepared thing C. flashlights but not matches are first used after earthquakes D. clothes are used to protect your head60. If you live in a cold place, you should prepare _. A. some warm clothes and bedding supplies B. some hot water C. some batteries D. some flashlights【文章大意】因为地震灾害的发生是没有征兆的，我们不知道地震发生时我们身处何地，所以我们很有必要采取措施来做一些事先的预备工作。比如要带些水、食物、手电筒、衣物等。56. B【解析】根据题意：Because earthquakes happen without warning, its important to take steps now to prepare. 可知，文章第一句话说明了人们为何应该为地震作准备。故选B。57. D【解析】从文中第二段“Keep bottled water in its original container and do not open it until you need to use it.”可知。选D。58. B【解析】根据全文内容可知：文章涉及到水、食物、手电筒、衣物，却没有涉及“fresh vegetable”，故选B。59. C【解析】根据文章内容标题“3. Flashlights(手电筒) and spare batteries.”可知，“我们应该准备一只手电筒，而不是在地震后首先使用火柴”，故选C。60. A【解析】由文中的最后一段的内容If you live in a cold place, you must think about warmth. You might not have heat after an earthquake. Think about your clothing and bedding supplies.可知。应选A。【甘肃兰州】C.There have been many great inventions or things that changed the way we live. The first great invention was the one that is still very important todaythe wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distance.For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that as much effect as the wheel . Then in the early 1800s the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didnt have to explore much any more. They began to work instead to make life better.In the