3901130721-谭淇蔚-软件体系结构实验3.doc

软件体系结构实验报告项目名称 设计模式实验二 专业班级 软件工程1307班 学 号 3901130721 姓 名 谭淇蔚 实验成绩：批阅教师：2015年 12 月 31 日44实验3 设计模式实验二实验学时： 4 每组人数： 1 实验类型： 3 （1：基础性 2：综合性 3：设计性 4：研究性）实验要求： 1 （1：必修 2：选修 3：其它）实验类别： 3 （1：基础 2：专业基础 3：专业 4：其它）一、实验目的熟练使用PowerDesigner和任意一种面向对象编程语言实现几种常见的行为型设计模式，包括职责链模式、命令模式、观察者模式和策略模式，理解每一种设计模式的模式动机，掌握模式结构，学习如何使用代码实现这些模式。二、实验内容1. 某企业的SCM(Supply Chain Management，供应链管理)系统中包含一个采购审批子系统。该企业的采购审批是分级进行的，即根据采购金额的不同由不同层次的主管人员来审批，主任可以审批5万元以下（不包括5万元）的采购单，副董事长可以审批5万元至10万元（不包括10万元）的采购单，董事长可以审批10万元至50万元（不包括50万元）的采购单，50万元及以上的采购单就需要开董事会讨论决定。如下图所示：试使用职责链模式设计并模拟实现该系统。2. 房间中的开关是命令模式的一个实例，现用命令模式来模拟开关的功能，可控制对象包括电灯和电风扇，绘制相应的类图并编程模拟实现。3. 某软件公司欲开发一个基于Windows平台的公告板系统。系统提供一个主菜单(Menu)，在主菜单中包含了一些菜单项(MenuItem)，可以通过Menu类的addMenuItem()方法增加菜单项。菜单项的主要方法是click()，每一个菜单项包含一个抽象命令类，具体命令类包括OpenCommand(打开命令)，CreateCommand(新建命令)，EditCommand(编辑命令)等，命令类具有一个execute()方法，用于调用公告板系统界面类(BoardScreen)的open()、create()、edit()等方法。现使用命令模式设计该系统，使得MenuItem类与BoardScreen类的耦合度降低，绘制类图并编程实现。4. 某实时在线股票软件需要提供如下功能：当股票购买者所购买的某支股票价格变化幅度达到5%时，系统将自动发送通知（包括新价格）给购买该股票的所有股民。试使用观察者模式设计并实现该系统，要求绘制相应的类图并编程模拟实现。5. 某公司欲开发一套机房监控系统，如果机房达到某一指定温度，温度传感器(Thermosensor)将自动传递信号给各种响应设备，例如警示灯(CautionLight)将闪烁(flicker()、报警器(Annunciator)将发出警报(alarm()、安全逃生门(SecurityDoor)将自动开启(open()、隔热门(InsulatedDoor)将自动关闭(close()等，每一种响应设备的行为由专门的程序来控制。为了将来能够方便地引入新类型的响应设备，采用观察者模式和适配器模式设计并模拟实现该系统。6. 某软件公司为某电影院开发了一套影院售票系统，在该系统中需要为不同类型的用户提供不同的电影票(MovieTicket)打折(Discount)方式，具体打折方案如下：(1) 学生凭学生证可享受票价8折优惠；(2) 年龄在10周岁及以下的儿童可享受每张票减免10元的优惠（原始票价需大于等于20元）；(3) 影院VIP用户除享受票价半价优惠外还可进行积分，积分累计到一定额度可换取电影院赠送的奖品。该系统在将来可能还要根据需要引入新的打折方式。试使用策略模式设计并编程模拟实现该影院售票系统。7. 为了实现一些特殊的显示效果，某公司欲开发一款手机数码照片处理软件，在该软件中为照片(Photograph)提供了多种滤镜(Filter)效果，例如黑白滤镜(BlackWhiteFilter)、单色滤镜(MonochromaticFilter)、怀旧滤镜(NostalgicFilter)等，不同的滤镜通过不同的算法对照片进行美化，如下图所示。该软件可以灵活地增加一些新的滤镜效果。选择一种合适的设计模式来设计该照片处理软件，结合场景绘制相应的类图并编程模拟实现。三、实验要求1. 结合实例，正确无误地绘制职责链模式、命令模式、观察者模式和策略模式的模式结构图；2. 使用任意一种面向对象编程语言实现职责链模式、命令模式、观察者模式和策略模式实例，代码运行正确无误。四、实验步骤1. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制职责链模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例；2. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制命令模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例；3. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制命令模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例；4. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制观察者模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例；5. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制观察者模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例；6. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制策略模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例；7. 结合实例，使用PowerDesigner绘制策略模式实例结构图并用面向对象编程语言实现该模式实例。五、实验结果1. 类图：实现代码：/代码颜色使用黑色，字体使用Times New Roman或Arial，字号为五号，如ApprovePurchaseOrder类public abstract class ApprovePurchaseOrder /自类型引用，对下家的引用protected ApprovePurchaseOrder approvePurchaseOrder;/子类都可以使用protected String DealWithThePurchaseRoleName;/处理这个订单的角色名public ApprovePurchaseOrder(String dealWithThePurchaseRoleName) super();DealWithThePurchaseRoleName = dealWithThePurchaseRoleName;/设置请求的角色public void setApprovePurchaseOrder(ApprovePurchaseOrder approvePurchaseOrder) this.approvePurchaseOrder = approvePurchaseOrder;public abstract void processRequest(PurchaseOrderRequest request);Congress类public class Congress extends ApprovePurchaseOrder public Congress(String dealWithThePurchaseRoleName) super(dealWithThePurchaseRoleName);/ TODO Auto-generated constructor stubOverridepublic void processRequest(PurchaseOrderRequest request) / TODO Auto-generated method stubif(request.getTatalAccount() = 50)/单位为万System.out.println(request.toString();System.out.println(此采购单金额在10万和50万之间，由董事会进行审核);System.out.println(this.DealWithThePurchaseRoleName+董事会已审核完毕);elseif(this.approvePurchaseOrder != null)this.approvePurchaseOcessRequest(request);Director类public class Director extends ApprovePurchaseOrder public Director(String dealWithThePurchaseRoleName) super(dealWithThePurchaseRoleName);/ TODO Auto-generated constructor stubOverridepublic void processRequest(PurchaseOrderRequest request) / TODO Auto-generated method stubif(request.getTatalAccount() 5)/单位为万System.out.println(request.toString();System.out.println(此采购单金额低于5万，由主任进行审核);System.out.println(主任+DealWithThePurchaseRoleName+已审核完毕);elseif(this.approvePurchaseOrder != null)this.approvePurchaseOcessRequest(request);President类public class President extends ApprovePurchaseOrder public President(String dealWithThePurchaseRoleName) super(dealWithThePurchaseRoleName);/ TODO Auto-generated constructor stubOverridepublic void processRequest(PurchaseOrderRequest request) / TODO Auto-generated method stubif(request.getTatalAccount() = 10)/单位为万System.out.println(request.toString();System.out.println(此采购单金额在10万和50万之间，由董事长进行审核);System.out.println(董事长+DealWithThePurchaseRoleName+已审核完毕);elseif(this.approvePurchaseOrder != null)this.approvePurchaseOcessRequest(request);PurchaseOrderRequest类public class PurchaseOrderRequest /采购单/某个项目private String PurchaseProjectName;/采购单的总花费private int TatalAccount;/采购多少项产品private int goodsNumber;public PurchaseOrderRequest(String purchaseProjectName, int tatalAccount, int goodsNumber) super();PurchaseProjectName = purchaseProjectName;TatalAccount = tatalAccount;this.goodsNumber = goodsNumber;public String getPurchaseProjectName() return PurchaseProjectName;public void setPurchaseProjectName(String purchaseProjectName) PurchaseProjectName = purchaseProjectName;public int getTatalAccount() return TatalAccount;public void setTatalAccount(int tatalAccount) TatalAccount = tatalAccount;public int getGoodsNumber() return goodsNumber;public void setGoodsNumber(int goodsNumber) this.goodsNumber = goodsNumber;Overridepublic String toString() return PurchaseProjectName + 的采购单共购买商品 + goodsNumber + 件，+ 花费金额总为 + TatalAccount ;VicePresident类public class VicePresident extends ApprovePurchaseOrder public VicePresident(String dealWithThePurchaseRoleName) super(dealWithThePurchaseRoleName);/ TODO Auto-generated constructor stubOverridepublic void processRequest(PurchaseOrderRequest request) / TODO Auto-generated method stubif(request.getTatalAccount() = 5)/单位为万System.out.println(request.toString();System.out.println(此采购单金额在5万和10万之间，由副董事长进行审核);System.out.println(副董事长+DealWithThePurchaseRoleName+已审核完毕);elseif(this.approvePurchaseOrder != null)this.approvePurchaseOcessRequest(request);测试类Client类public class client public static void main(String args) ApprovePurchaseOrder congress,director,president,vicePresident;/初始化director = new Director(赵丽颖);vicePresident = new VicePresident(唐嫣);president = new President(谭淇蔚);congress = new Congress(软件体系结构有限公司);director.setApprovePurchaseOrder(vicePresident);vicePresident.setApprovePurchaseOrder(president);president.setApprovePurchaseOrder(congress);/项目处理/1-低于5万的，单位为万PurchaseOrderRequest POR_project1 = new PurchaseOrderRequest(德天公司策划案, 3, 4);cessRequest(POR_project1);/2-不低于5万但低于10万的，单位为万PurchaseOrderRequest POR_project2 = new PurchaseOrderRequest(普利策公司策划案, 7, 7);cessRequest(POR_project2);/3-不低于10万但低于50万的，单位为万PurchaseOrderRequest POR_project3 = new PurchaseOrderRequest(百度公司策划案, 16, 9);cessRequest(POR_project3);/3-不低于50万，单位为万PurchaseOrderRequest POR_project4 = new PurchaseOrderRequest(腾讯公司策划案, 56, 13);cessRequest(POR_project4);运行结果：2. 类图：实现代码：Command类public interface Command public void executeOn ();public void executeOff ();Fan类public class Fan public void turn()System.out.println(电风扇转动了);public void stopTurn()System.out.println(电风扇关闭了);FanCommand类public class FanCommand implements Command private Fan fan;public FanCommand() super();fan = new Fan();Overridepublic void executeOn() / TODO Auto-generated method stubfan.turn();Overridepublic void executeOff() / TODO Auto-generated method stubfan.stopTurn();Lamp类public class Lamp public void onLight()System.out.println(电灯打开了);public void quench()System.out.println(电灯关闭了);LampCommand类public class LampCommand implements Command private Lamp lamp;public LampCommand() super();lamp = new Lamp();Overridepublic void executeOn() / TODO Auto-generated method stublamp.onLight();Overridepublic void executeOff() / TODO Auto-generated method stublamp.quench();Switch类public class Switch private Command switchController;public Switch(Command switchController) super();this.switchController = switchController;public void On()switchController.executeOn();public void Off()switchController.executeOff();辅助类：XMLUtilBean类import java.io.File;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;import org.w3c.dom.Document;import org.w3c.dom.Node;import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;public class XMLUtilBean public static Object getClassByConfig()try/创建文档对象DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();Document doc;doc = documentBuilder.parse(new File(config.xml);/获取工厂具体名称NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName(className);Node classNode = nodeList.item(0).getFirstChild();String className = classNode.getNodeValue().trim();/通过类名生成实例对象并将其返回Class c = Class.forName(className);Object object = c.newInstance();return object;catch(Exception e)e.printStackTrace();return null;测试类：Client类public class Client public static void main(String args) Command switchController;/获取具体对象switchController = (Command)XMLUtilBean.getClassByConfig();/注入对象Switch switch1 = new Switch(switchController);/打开switch1.On();/关闭switch1.Off();配置文件：LampCommand运行结果：3. 类图：实现代码：abstractCommand类public abstract class abstractCommand /运行命令public abstract void execute();BoardScreen类import java.util.List;public class BoardScreen private Menu menu;public Menu getMenu() return menu;public void setMenu(Menu menu) this.menu = menu;public BoardScreen() super();menu = new Menu();public void open()System.out.println(Invork BoardScreen open funtion!);public void create()System.out.println(Invork BoardScreen create funtion!);public void edit()System.out.println(Invork BoardScreen edit funtion!);public void show()System.out.println(Invork BoardScreen show funtion!);System.out.println(-);abstractCommand openCommand,createCommand,editCommand;/初始化openCommand = new OpenCommand(this);createCommand = new CreateCommand(this);editCommand = new EditCommand(this);/初始化菜单MenuItem openMenuItem = new MenuItem(打开);openMenuItem.setCommand(openCommand);MenuItem createMenuItem = new MenuItem(创建);createMenuItem.setCommand(createCommand);MenuItem editMenuItem = new MenuItem(编辑);editMenuItem.setCommand(editCommand);/菜单项加入菜单menu.addMenuItem(openMenuItem);menu.addMenuItem(createMenuItem);menu.addMenuItem(editMenuItem);System.out.println(显示界面);System.out.println(-);List menuItems = menu.getMenuItemList();for(MenuItem m:menuItems)System.out.println(m.getMenuItemName()+菜单项被点击！);m.click();CreateCommand类public class CreateCommand extends abstractCommandprivate BoardScreen boardScreen;public CreateCommand(BoardScreen boardScreen) super();this.boardScreen = boardScreen;Overridepublic void execute() / TODO Auto-generated method stubboardScreen.create();EditCommand类public class EditCommand extends abstractCommandprivate BoardScreen boardScreen;public EditCommand(BoardScreen boardScreen) super();this.boardScreen = boardScreen;Overridepublic void execute() / TODO Auto-generated method stubboardScreen.edit();Menu类import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;public class Menu private List menuItemList = new ArrayList();public void addMenuItem(MenuItem menuItem)menuItemList.add(menuItem);public List getMenuItemList() return menuItemList;public void setMenuItemList(List menuItemList) this.menuItemList = menuItemList;MenuItem类public class MenuItem private String menuItemName;private abstractCommand Command;public MenuItem(String menuItemName) super();this.menuItemName = menuItemName;public String getMenuItemName() return menuItemName;public void setMenuItemName(String menuItemName) this.menuItemName = menuItemName;public abstractCommand getCommand() return Command;public void setCommand(abstractCommand command) Command = command;public void click()Command.execute();OpenCommand类public class OpenCommand extends abstractCommand private BoardScreen boardScreen;public OpenCommand(BoardScreen boardScreen) super();this.boardScreen = boardScreen;Overridepublic void execute() / TODO Auto-generated method stubboardScreen.open();测试类Client类public class Client public static void main(String args) BoardScreen boardScreen = new BoardScreen();boardScreen.show();运行结果:4. 类图：实现代码：AbstactInvestor类public interface AbstactInvestor public abstract void response (Stock stock);Investor类public class Investor implements AbstactInvestor /股民名字private String InverstorName;public Investor(String inverstorName) super();InverstorName = inverstorName;public String getInverstorName() return InverstorName;public void setInverstorName(String inverstorName) InverstorName = inverstorName;Overridepublic void response(Stock stock) / TODO Auto-generated method stubSystem.out.println(购买了+stock.getStockName()+股票的股民+this.InverstorName+已收到通知！);Stock类import java.util.ArrayList;public class Stock/股票名字private String StockName;/购买该股票的股民们private ArrayList investors = new ArrayList();/每一股的价格private double price=0;/初始值为0，不设置浮动值/价格波动百分率private double fluctual;/构造一个股票public Stock(String stockName, double price) super();StockName = stockName;this.price = price;/增加股民public void addInvestor(AbstactInvestor investor)investors.add(investor);if(investor instanceof Investor)System.out.println(Investor)investor).getInverstorName()+购买+this.getStockName()+股票！);/删除股民,抛售public void deleteInvestor(AbstactInvestor investor)/先检测股民在不在股票中if(IsHaveStock(investor)investors.remove(investor);if(investor instanceof Investor)System.out.println(Investor)investor).getInverstorName()+抛售出此+this.getStockName()+股票);elseSystem.out.println(此股民并没有购买该股票！);private boolean IsHaveStock(AbstactInvestor investor) / TODO Auto-generated method stub/默认名字相同就是同一个股民for(AbstactInvestor in:investors)if(in.equals(investor)return true;return false;/波动率改变时改变股民的状态，即通知各股民public void updateInvestor()System.out.println(-);System.out.println(this.getStockName()+股票波动率为： +(this.getFluctual()+%);System.out.println(波动超过百分之5,正在准备通知买+this.getStockName()+此股票的股民们);System.out.println(通知中);System.out.println(-);for(AbstactInvestor abstactInvestor:investors)abstactInvestor.response(this);System.out.println(-);System.out.println(this.getStockName()+的股票波动信息已通知完成！);/get和set方法public String getStockName() return StockName;public void setStockName(String stockName) StockName = stockName;public double getPrice() return price;public void setPrice(double price) /由价格的变化得到波动率double flu = (price-this.price)/(this.price);flu = (double)Math.round(flu*1000)/10;/保留1位小数，100以内的能确定在两位this.setFluctual(flu);this.price = price;public double getFluctual() re