1.3 Computer Architecture.ppt

Chapter2ComputerArchitecture Outline 2 1Vocabulary2 2Introduction2 3InputHardware2 4OutputHardware2 5StorageHardware2 6HardwareConnectionsConclusion 2 1Vocabulary circuitry s kitri n 电路 线路computational k mpju tei n l adj 计算的stylus stail s n 留声机的 唱针cursor k s n 光标manipulate m nipjuleit vt 熟练控制 操作 2 1Vocabulary retrieval ri tri v l n 重获 取回 检索 挽回 恢复magneto optical m ni t u ptik l adj 磁光的 磁场对光线的影响的volatile v l tail adj 易变的 反复无常的 易激动的nonvolatile n n v l tail adj 尤指物质 非挥发性的 不挥发的 2 2Introduction ComputerhardwareComputersoftwareMicroprocessor 2 2Introduction ComputerHardwareCPUInput OutputDeviceStorage 2 2Introduction ComputerSoftwareDefinition isthesetofinstructionsacomputerusestomanipulatedataFunction governshowthehardwareisutilizedCategory systemsoftwareandapplicationsoftware 2 2Introduction MicroprocessorHavebothhardwareandsoftwareaspectsIscalledfirmware 2 3InputHardware LightpenMouseJoystickKeyboardScannerMicrophoneModem 2 3InputHardware LightpenContainslightsensorsthatidentifywhichportionofthescreenitispassedover MouseApointingdevicethatdetectstwodimensionalmotionrelativetoitssupportingsurface OpticalMouse useslighttodeterminemousemotion 2 3InputHardware JoystickAcontroldevicethatconsistsofahandheldstickthatpivotsaroundoneend todetectanglesintwoorthreedimensionsandreportsitsangleordirectiontothedeviceitiscontrolling Keyboardadevicetoinputtextandcharactersbydepressingbuttons referredtoaskeysorbuttons 2 3InputHardware ScannerAdevicethatprovidesinputbyanalyzingimages printedtext handwriting oranobject MicrophoneAnacousticsensorthatprovidesinputbyconvertingsoundintoelectricalsignals 2 3InputHardware ModemIsadevicethatconnectsacomputertoatelephonelineandallowsinformationtobetransmittedtoorreceivedfromanothercomputer 2 4OutputHardware MonitorAnelectronicvisualdisplaywithtextualandgraphicalinformationfromthecomputer CRT CathodeRayTube displayLCD LiquidCrystalDisplay asof2010 itistheprimaryvisualdisplayforpersonalcomputers 2 4OutputHardware PrinterAdevicethatproducesapermanenthuman readabletextofgraphicdocument Dot matrixprinterInkjetprinterLaserprinter 2 5StorageHardware HarddiskFloppydiskMagneto opticaldiscCompactdiscdrivesMemory 2 5StorageHardware Harddiskformedium termstorageofdata Floppydiskanoutdatedstoragedeviceconsistingofathindiskofaflexiblemagneticstoragemedium 2 5StorageHardware Magneto opticaldiscStoreinformationonremovabledisksthataresensitivetobothlaserlightandmagneticfields Compactdiscdrivesthemostcommontypeofremovablemedia suitableformusicanddata 2 5StorageHardware MemoryRAM RandomAccessMemory storesresidentpartofthecurrentrunningOS OScoreandsoon andallrunningprocesses applicationsparts usingCPUorinput output I O channelsorwaitingforCPUorI Ochannels ROM ReadOnlyMemory 2 6HardwareConnections BusSerialconnectionParallelconnection 2 6HardwareConnections BusAddressbus CPUusetolocatedataDatabus sendthedatatothatbus 2 6HardwareConnections SerialconnectionTransferonlyonepieceofdataatatimeParallelconnectionUsemultiplesetsofwirestotransferblocksofinformationsimultaneously Conclusion Computerhardware CPU Input OutputDeviceandStora