必修一unit 1知识点补充老师版.doc

10、power n. 能量,力量,权力eg. Carry this luggage requires a lot of powder. 搬运这件行李需要很大的力气.思维拓展：be in powder 执政,掌权come into powder = take power上台,执政under ones own power 凭借自身的力量have the power to do sth 具有的能力beyond/ out of ones powder 力所不能及的构词法:powerful adj. 强有力的 powerless adj. 无力的,无权的11、suffer v. 遭受,忍受eg. The city suffered serous damage from the earthquake. 城市因地震遭受严重破坏.练习: suffer pain / loss / defeat / punishment / hardship 遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难suffer from a bad cold 患重感冒 suffer for sth. 为而受苦构词法:suffering n. 痛苦, 苦难 sufferer n. 受难者, 患者12、 purpose n. 目的,意图eg. For what purpose did he go to Africa? 他去非洲的目的何在?on purpose = by accident 故意地for the purpose of 为了的目的with the purpose of 抱着的目的ones purpose in doing sth . 某人做的目的构词法:purposeful adj. 有目的的,故意的 purposeless adj. 无目的的purposely adv. 特意地,故意地13、advice n. 劝告,建议eg. He gave us some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 他就如何学习外语给我们提了一些建议.give / offer sb. some advice on 就给某人提建议ask sb. for adcice 征求某人的意见follow / take ones advice接受某人的建议 do sth. by ones advice 按某人的建议做on / upon ones adcice 听某人的劝告构词法:adviser / advisor n. 建议者,顾问 advise v. 建议advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做advise doing sth 建议做advise that 建议advise sb. on 向某人提.建议advise sb. not to do sth = adcise sb. against doing sth 建议某人不要做14、effort n. 努力eg. You should put more effort into your work. 你应该更加努力地工作.努力做make an effort to do = make every effort to do = make grat efforts to do = spare no effort to do 毫不费力地 without effort注: “ 全力做.”的表达:do all out to do do / try ones best to do=do all / everything / what one can to do 构词法:effortless adj. 不费力的15、habit n. 习惯,习性 eg. You need to change your eating habits. 你需要改变饮食习惯. develop / form the habit of = build up the habit of 养成的习惯 fall / get into the habit of 染上的习惯 be in the habit of = have the habit of 有的习惯 get sb. into the habit of 使某人养成.的习惯 get out of the habit of = give up the habit of = kick / break/ drop the habit of 戒除.的习惯 do sth. out of habit 处于习惯做某事16. go through 通过;经受; 仔细检查; 完成练习：go through too many wars 经过太多的战争go through with ones promise 实践诺言The new law has gone through. 新的法律已经通过了.The teacher went through all the students homework. 老师将学生的作业仔细的检查了一遍.break through 冲破get through 完成, 通过live through 活过look through 浏览read through 通读see through 看穿have been through with 经受过 (很多苦)through thick and thin 共患难through and through 彻底,完全3. set down 记下， 放下,认为,归因于eg. a. Set down his name and address. 记下他的名字和地址.b.He set down the book on the bable . 他把书放在桌上.c. I set the man down as a solier. 我以为那人是个士兵.d. I set down his bad temper to his health. 我认为他的坏脾气是由于身体的原因.set down (doing) sth 着手(做)某事set out to do sth. 着手做做某事set off 动身,引爆set up 竖起,创设,开办注: 表示” 记下, 写下” 时set down = put down = write down = get down4. do with 处理,与. 有关eg. He didnt knkow what to do with his camel. 他不知如何处置他的骆驼.have sth. to do with 与有关have nothing to do with 与无关have much / a lot of to do with 与有很大关系指点迷津:(1) do with 表示 “ 处置” 时常与what 搭配,而 deal with 常与how 搭配.e.g. What to do with his camel? how to deal with his camel (2) what与how 的其他搭配What do you think of ?How do you like / find ?What to do it next (3) do without 没有也行eg. If theres none left well have to do without. 如果没有剩余的我们就只得将就了.6. face to face 面对面地eg. They stood face to face with each other. 他们面对面地站着.heart to heart 心贴心地, 坦诚地shoulder to shouldedr 肩并肩地hand in hand手拉手地arm in arm臂挽臂地side by side 并排地back to back 背靠背地指点迷津:(1) face-to face 是合成形容词,在句中作定语.eg. Well have a face-to-face interview. 我们要进行一次面对面的采访.(2) face to face 中不用任何冠词.类似短语如:from door to door 挨门挨户地from mouth to mouth 口口相传地see eye to eye 完全同意地from left to right 从左到右地from generation to generation 一代一代地from head to foot 从头到脚from time to tme 不时地7. get along with 进展,相处eg. a. How are you getting along with your classmates? 你与同学相处怎样?b. Hes getting along well with his business. 他生意做得很顺利.get along well / nicely with 与相处得很好get along badly with 与相处得不好指点迷津:(1) get along with 中的along 也可以用on 替换.(2) get along with sb. 是与某人相处得如何，get along with sth 是某事进展得如何()在 He didnt know that we were getting along with them.中，不能用how 代替that . 当句中没有well, nicely 或 badly 等词时，才用how. e.g. I want to know how they are getting along with the work. 我想知道他们的工作进展得怎么样in order to, so as to 与 so as to (1) in order to 引导的不定式作目的状语，可置于句首或句末()so as to 引导的不定式作目的状语，起位置一般在句末eg.a. In order to catch the train, he hurried through his work. 为了赶火车，他匆匆忙忙完成了工作（表目的） b. He hurried through his work in order to / so as to catch the train.23. should have done 本应该做（但事实上没做） must have done could have done might have done shouldnt have done neednt have done 他本不应该告汤姆这个秘密的，但是他没有恶意。 He shouldnt have told Tom the secret, but he meant no harm.地面上都是湿的，昨天晚上一定下过雨。The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.我本来是可以通过考试的，但是我太马虎了。I could have passed the exam, but I was too careless.24. 在由when/while/though/as/if/unless等