对外汉语 拼音教学 课件.ppt

第一课LessonOne 汉语拼音和日常用语ChineseP ny n DailyExpressions 目录 ChinesePinyinIntroduction Syllable InitialConsonant Vowel Tone m m a InitialConsonant 21Vowel 38Tone 4 1 n h o你好 hanzi pinyin n shengmu yunmu shengdiao 汉语拼音ChineseP ny n Function JustlikethephoneticalphabetsinEnglish P ny nhelpsustoreadChinesewords Formation Initials声母sh ngm Finals韵母y nm Tones声调sh ngdi oe g 你 you n i n 好 good fine h ao h o 声调sh ngdi o TheChineseputonghuahasfourbasictones Theyareshownbythetone marks the1sttone the2ndtone the3rdtone the4thtone Differenttonesmayexpressdifferentmeanings 声调sh ngdi o b b b b 声调sh ngdi o m m m m 声调sh ngdi o 1 Thetone markshouldbeplacedoverthevowels eg n g b 2 Whenatone markisplacedabovethevoweli thedotoveritmustbeleftout eg b w nji nji 3 Acompoundfinalcarriestwoormorevowels thetone markisplacedoverthevowelwhichpronouncedwiththemouthopeningwiderandlouder usuallya o e eg l i pi o d u 声调sh ngdi o 轻声 theNeutralTone EveryChinesecharacterinChinesePutonghuahasitsspecifictone Butsometimes inawordorasentencesomesyllableslosetheiroriginaltonesandbecomeweakandshort thereforeitiscalledtheneutraltone Theneutraltonesyllablesareshownbytheabsenceofthetone mark forexample B ba爸爸 father dad m ma妈妈 mother mum 声母sh ngm Consonants 21 Whenusedasinitials thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedroughlythesameastheyareinEnglish bpmfdtnlgkhjs 声母sh ngm Consonants 21 Whenusedasinitials thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedquitedifferentlyfromwhattheyareinEnglish qxzczhchshr 声母sh ngm bb lu 菠萝 pineapple b ba爸爸 dad b 不 no similarwithbinBrotherbutnobuffofbreath 声母sh ngm Pp ob 跑步 running run similartopinportpieButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration 声母sh ngm mm m 妈妈 mum m i买 buy sameasminmanmug 声母sh ngm fch f n吃饭 eating f ng风 wind samewithfinfromfar 声母sh ngm dd 大 big huge d di弟弟 youngerbrother similarwithdindogdustbutnopuffofbreath 声母sh ngm tt iy ng太阳 sun t bi 特别 verymuch similartotintermtidetopButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration 声母sh ngm nn nr n男人 male man n 拿 take pick hold similarasninnonation 声母sh ngm ll ng龙 dragon ku il 快乐 happy sameaslinletterlearn 声母sh ngm gg ge哥哥 olderbrother g o高 tall high Similarwithgingrillgoodbutnopuffofbreath 声母sh ngm kK k y 渴 thirsty 可以 can sh ngk 上课 haveclass k osh 考试 exam similartokinkeyButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration 声母sh ngm hh shu drinkwater h 河 river h ih n海 sea 很 toomuch hsoundslike h intheEnglishword her heart butitmustbeaddedmorefrictionofthebreaththanitisinEnglish 声母sh ngm jj 鸡 chicken ji 家 home jinJeep 声母sh ngm qq 七 seven qi n钱 money q zi wife chincheese 声母sh ngm xx 西 thewest x hu n喜欢 like xu x 学习 study shinsheep 声母sh ngm zz 字 characters zu 坐 sit similarwithdsinfriendszinzero 声母sh ngm cc i菜 vegetable dishes c i猜 guess similarwiththetsinbitsstudents 声母sh ngm ss 四 four s ni n思念 misssomeone similartosinstudent 声母sh ngm zhzh 这 this zh n站 stand zh d o know similarwithdgeinjudge 声母sh ngm chch 吃 eat ch ng长 long similartochinchurch butmusthavesrongpuffofbreath 声母sh ngm shl osh 老师 teacher sh 十 ten similartoshinshirt 声母sh ngm rr n人 human people r 热 hot similartorinrun 声母sh ngm Test listenandchoosetheInitialsyouhear bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcs aoeiu d ny nm 单韵母 a ainFather y 阿姨b b 爸爸m m 妈妈 o AwW 我f 佛 e Uh ku il lek 饿快乐了可 i Eseebeen m f n4你米饭 u ooinLoopbookb x n b zh d o不行不知道 First trytopronounce i andthenyourtonguestayshere graduallypurseyourlips Tryityourself y xi y l s 鱼下雨绿色 韵母y nm 39 vowels orvowel n ng Singlefinalsa o e i u f y nm 复韵母 componundfinals aieiaoouiaieuauo e ai ai asin high w in k i我爱你可爱z ib i在白z iji n再见 ei likealong a orthe ei in eight l ih i累黑 ao ao asin how or out h om osh ol o oz osh n h o好猫少老高早上好 ou likethe ow in low or boat d u uk ush uz u都狗口手走 ia ia likeyain yard ji 家 ie ie likeyein yes bi ji r xi xi 别节日谢谢 ua ua ufollowedbya ku hu zhu shu 夸花抓刷 uo uo asin war c su du sh o u ji 厕所多少国家 e xu x xu shen xu xi od xu yu hu 学习学生学校大学约会 s nch ngy nm 三重韵母 finalsconsistingof3singlefinals uaiuei ui iaoiou iu uai uai likewiin wild shu ihu ishu i帅坏衰 Uei ui ui similarto way du b du u hu b hu shu shu 对不对贵会不会水谁 iao iao likeyowin yowl ji oji obi oni oli oti nxi o叫脚表鸟聊天小 iou iu iu likeyoin yoga di ni li 丢牛六 b y nm 鼻韵母 nasalfinals qi nb y nm 前鼻韵母 frontnasalfinals aneninianuen un uan an an an likethesoundsof John or angry m nch f nh ny h nn n慢吃饭汉语很难 en en like en in open r nzh n u r nt i u r n人中国人泰国人z nmey n zh nzh ndem 怎么样真真的吗 in in asin bin n nj nti nx n您今天新 ian ian similarto yen qi ndu sh oqi nmi nti of ndi n钱多少钱面条饭店 uan uan ufollowedbyan lu ndu n u nm n乱短关门 uen un Aswheny nk nm n ch nti n云昆明春天 an n uanun followedbyann onlywithinitialsj q x yu nqu nxu nz 远劝选择 h ub y ny nm 后鼻音韵母 backnasalfinals angengingongianguengionguang ang likethesoundof under or rang p n m n zh n sh n k r n z n 胖忙张上课让脏 eng eng likethe ung in lung f n n n xu shen 风能学生 ing ing like sing m n zit n 名字听n ji osh nmem n zi 你叫什么名字 ong ong likethe ung in lung withaslight oo sound y n d n n zu zh n u 用东工作中国 iang ifollowedbyang uang uang likewangin twang ueng uafterwitheng iong imergedwithong t sh yu ny ny nm 特殊元音韵母 specialfinals er儿ercannotbecombinedwithanyotheryunmu finals itcanonlybethefinalsbyitself Itiscommonlyusedinnortherndialect Therearemanywordsinthenortherndialectpronunciationofvowelsoccurduetothevolumeoftongueactionsoundchange andthisphenomenoniscallederhua er erinherd i inzicisi i inzhichishi SimpleVowels ajarologebirder 2 ieastumoon aoe iu 3 InitialConsonants b o brotherb b b p o piep p p m o mugm m m f o farf f f d e dustd d d t e tidet t t n e nationn n n l e learnl l l g e grillg g g k e keyk k k h e hearth h h j i j j q i q q x i x x z i zeroz z z c i studentsc c c s i studentss s s zh i zh zh zh ch i ch ch ch sh i sh sh sh r i r r r m b l m b l m b l m b l Marktonesrules 1 a o e i u b b ob ixi p p ud n ixi 2 iu uili ni du tu 3 j q x j j q q x x n l 5 OtherVowels ai im ic ieib ih if iao ol ob oou ud ut u iay xi ji iey li bi 韵母y nm i1 Whenistandsbyitselfasasyllable itshouldbewrittenasyi 2 ishouldbewrittenasywhenitisplacedatthebeginningofafinalstandingbyitselfasasyllable oryisaddedbeforei eg ia yaie yeiou youiang yang 韵母y nm u1 Whenustandsbyitselfasasyllable itshouldbewrittenaswu 2 Whenucombineswithotherfinalstoformsyllables itshouldbewrittenasW eg ua wauo wouei weiuan wan i TheSeparationLetters uaw hu gu uow hu gu eyu n l iaoy oxi oqi oiouy