Chapter 3 Caesar and Christ.ppt

Chapter3CaesarandChrist RiodeJaneiro ChristtheRedeemer statue ChristoftheAbyss Florida 视频 水下的基督 Religionistheexpressionoftheultimateconcern Maslow sHierarchy MajorReligions JudaismChristianityIslamHinduismBuddhism AbrahamicFaithSystem AbrahamicFaithSystem 美国学者A E Winship在1900年做了一项研究 比较两个家族 写成Jukes Edwards两个家族200年后的统计 两个同时代的家族 一家是信基督教的爱德华兹 另一家是著名无神论的宗师马克 尤克斯 并且 无神论的马克 尤克斯对爱德华兹曾说过 你信的那位耶稣 我永远不会信 一 爱德华兹家族人口数 1394人 其中有 100位大学教授 14位大学校长 70位律师 30位法官 60位医生 60位作家 300位牧师 神学家 3位议员 一位副总统 二 马克 尤克斯家族人口总数 903人 其中有 310位流氓 130位坐牢13年以上 7位杀人犯 100位酒徒 60位小偷 190位妓女 20名商人 其中有10名是在监狱学会经商的 WhatevertheJukesstandfor theEdwardsfamilydoesnot WhateverweaknesstheJukesrepresentfindsitsantidoteintheEdwardsfamily whichhascostthecountrynothinginpauperism incrime inhospitalorasylumservice Onthecontrary itrepresentsthehighestusefulnessininvention manufacture commerce foundingofasylumsandhospitals establishinganddevelopingmissions projectingandenergizingthebestphilanthropies RomanStateReligionandtheMysteryCults PaxRomana TheempireofRomecomprehendedthefairestpartoftheearth andthemostcivilizedportionofmankind EdwardGibbon Pantheon 清华大学大礼堂 视频 穹顶圆洞是日晷 RomanStateReligionandtheMysteryCults TheRomansdidnotworshiplivingbeings Asacrificeforthehealthoftheemperordidnotdemonstratemuchmorethanpoliticalloyalty Suchpracticesweredevoidofemotionorpersonalcommitment ManyturnedtotheEasternmysterycults Introduction FusionofGreekphilosophy HebrewtraditionChristianityasaReligionandaPhilosophy TheHebrews EarlyHebrewHistoryTheHebrews aSemitic speakingpeople闪米特语wanderingnomads游牧民族FounderoftheHebrews AbrahaminMesopotamiaGenesis 11 31 EarlyHebrewHistorymigratedtoCanaan aportionofwhichwaslatercalledPalestine Palestine the landofmilkandhoney journeyedtoEgypttobeherdsmenandfarmers buteventuallybecameforcedlaborersfortheEgyptians 1250BCMoses anexodus outofEgypttotheSinaipeninsulahetransformedthemduringtheirwanderingsinthewildernessofSinaiintoanation unitedandupliftedbyabeliefinYahweh theoneGod 米开朗基罗作品 摩西像 TheDecalogue WisdomofSolomon Solomon sTemple Israel Judah JewishExilesinBabylon Monotheism thebeliefinoneGodTheHebrews removalofthegodsfromnature thedemythicizingofnature isanecessaryprerequisiteforscientificthought God One Sovereign Transcendent Good asocialconscienceself discoveryandself realizationIdentityJusticeEqualityAnawarenessofhistoricaltime TheProphets Christianity 犹太人的大致生活区域 RomebreaksuptheJewishkingdomandmadeJudaeaaprovinceoftheempireRomerespectedJewishreligionHeavyRomantaxationandgovernorscorruptRevoltin70A D DestructionoftheTempleRevoltin135A D JerusalemturnedintoaRomancity RomecapturedJerusalemin63B C TheBible TheOldTestamentTheNewTestament KingoftheJewsThelong awaitedMessiah TheTeachingsofJesus ChristianitybeganasareligiousmovementwithinJudaismTheGospelsWrittenbythedisciples TheTeachingsofJesus Jesuspresentedtheethicalconcepts humility charity brotherlylove 基督教的两大核心概念 罪恶sin sinful sinnercrimeguiltevil救赎salvation JesuswascrucifiedbytheRomans C 30AD JUDAS 视频 ladygaga 耶稣受难记 TheResurrectionofJesusChrist视频 耶稣在耶路撒冷的圣墓在耶路撒冷对耶稣的朝圣 圣保罗被钉十字架 外邦人的使徒 圣保罗 TheWorkofPaul 圣保罗斩首 1638 1643年286cm 大理石意大利波仑亚圣保罗教堂 ThepopularityofChristianity Thepromiseofsalvation givelifeameaningandpurposebeyondthematerialthingsofeverydaylife Jesushadbeenahumanfigure notamythologicalone Christianityemphasizedasenseofspiritualequalityforallpeople ChristianityemphasizedLove Thechurchwasopentoallincludingmen women rich poor freeandslave 视频 基督人的形象推动基督教的发展 公元2世纪的护教士亚里斯底德 Aristides 写了一篇很长的护教辞呈送给罗马皇帝哈德良 解释基督教徒为什么拒绝接受希腊和罗马的神灵 这些神是人造的 因此根本就不是神 而且 他们被赋予了和人共有的缺点和罪行 根据罗马的神话 一些神犯有奸淫 谋杀和偷盗的恶性 另一些神有嫉妒心 贪婪 暴躁 还有一些神有身体的残疾 甚至有些神还死去了 但基督教徒所崇拜和敬仰的神既不是男的也不是女的 天不能包容他 但是天和一切所见及不可见的事物都被他包容 ConflictandtheDevelopmentoftheChristianChurch EarlypersecutionsofChristians ChristiansrefusedtoparticipateinEmperorWorshipandbegantobepersecuted Nero thefirstemperortopersecutetheChristianfollowersonalargescale PersecutionreacheditsheightduringthereignofDiocletian Nero ThePersecutionUnderNero SaintAugustine TheTriumphofChristianity TheTriumphofChristianity theconversionofConstantinetoChristianity view theChristianchurchwasapowerfultoolforunifyingtheEmpiresociallyandpolitically Constantine Constantinople BaptismofConstantine 视频 君士坦丁对基督教的推广 TheEdictofMilan米兰赦令 313AD aproclamation initiatedbyConstantineint